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Theorizing about variations in trust in the news across contexts rely on assumptions about expectations of accuracy and impartiality on behalf of eager, rational democratic citizens (Stromback et al., 2020; Fawzi et al., 2021). However, comparative studies investigating variations in news media trust across countries stemming from quality issues (partisan/biased/sensationalist news) have yet to accommodate assumptions from a strand of scholarship that has long investigated the origins and consequences of bias in the news from a social psychological intergroup perspective — the hostile media effect (Perloff, 2015). Compelling evidence in favor of this social identity mechanism driving the HME (Reid, 2012; Hartmann & Thanis, 2013; Ariyanto et al., 2007) poses important and unexplored questions for comparativists who are interested in studying variations in trust as being influenced by such perceptions. Perceptions of how social identities beyond partisan or ideological identities like national, regional, gender, class, and ethnic identities are represented in the news media can also influence how individuals trust in the news (Saleem et al., 2019; Tsfati & Cohen, 2005). This proposed link between social group identity and trust in the news is investigated using data from large-scale multi-country surveys in three ways. Data from the Reuters Institute’s Digital News Report 2021 which includes data from 35 countries is used to show how perceptions of fairness towards social groups one is a member of (political, ethnic, gender, age, class) is related to generalized trust in the news. Data from Wave 7 (2021) of World Values Survey and the Eurobarometer (2018) are used to show the correlation of identification with national group on generalized trust and regional group identities on trust towards national news. / Media & Communication

[pt] Este trabalho do campo da Comunicação Política tem como objetivo analisar representações e significados compartilhados sobre democracia no jornalismo brasileiro e argentino. Considera-se que o jornalismo é capaz de criar significados e, desse modo, influenciar na constituição da realidade social e, inclusive, política. A escolha de Brasil e Argentina como objetos de estudo foi feita por se tratar de dois países latino-americanos que compartilham de semelhanças, como proximidade geográfica, histórico de crises políticas e econômicas recorrentes, um mesmo passado autoritário, e aberturas democráticas recentes e na mesma época. No entanto, de acordo com dados dos principais institutos de pesquisa sobre democracia, a Argentina apresenta índices maiores de apoio a essa forma de governo que o Brasil, que, por sua vez, parece apresentar maiores tensões em sua realidade democrática, tendo vivido um impeachment presidencial em 2016 e a eleição de um presidente de extrema-direita, que governou entre 2018 e 2022, com pouco apreço pelo jogo democrático. Realizouse uma análise qualitativa e temática, a partir da teoria da democracia, para se avaliar o conteúdo dos principais jornais dos dois países. Espera-se, assim, contribuir para o campo dos estudos de comunicação da América Latina por meio de uma análise qualitativa, de conteúdo, regional e comparada, uma perspectiva ainda pouco explorada na área de comunicação, mas que vem crescendo nos últimos anos. Acredita-se que estudar os significados e representações de democracia no jornalismo desses dois países pode nos dar algumas pistas sobre a democracia na América Latina, de forma geral, e sobre a realidade democrática brasileira, de forma mais específica. / [en] This work in the field of Political Communication aims at analyzing shared representations and meanings about democracy in Brazilian and Argentine journalism. It is considered that journalism is capable of creating meanings, influencing the constitution of social and political reality. The choice of Brazil and Argentina as objects of study was made due to the following reasons: they are two Latin American countries sharing similarities, such as geographic proximity, a history of recurring political and economic crises, the same authoritarian past, and both went through a recent process of democratic transition around the same time. However, according to some of the main research institutes on democracy, Argentina shows higher rates of democracy support, at the same time that Brazil seems to show greater tensions in its democratic reality, having experienced a presidential impeachment in 2016 and the victory of a far-right president (2018- 2022), with little respect for Democratic Rule. A qualitative and thematic analysis was carried out, based on the theory of democracy, to assess the content of the main news websites in both countries. We expect to contribute to the field of Political Communication studies in Latin America through a regional and comparative qualitative analysis, a perspective that is still little explored in the field of communication, but which has been growing in recent years.