When people experience dissatisfaction or frustration, they often express their feelings through complaining. However, very little is known about everyday complaints. In order to understand how people make complaints, this project proposed a two-factor model of complaint expression, with the factors of certainty and emotional involvement. There were two primary goals for this project. First, this project examined how people make complaints with different expectations, particularly in language use. Second, this project explored whether listeners understand individuals' expectations behind complaints. Four major complaint expectations were identified by content analysis in the pilot study (N = 276). Computerized text analysis was used to examine the relationships between language markers and the four complaint expectations. The factor of certainty was assessed by personal pronoun use and certainty words, whereas the factor of emotional involvement was assessed by the use of negative emotion words. Study 1 (N = 272) used multiple-choice questions to measure complaint expectations and replicated the language findings from the pilot study. Study 2 (N = 247) manipulated complaint expectations by experimental instructions to investigate language usage. The results suggested weak associations between manipulated expectations and language use. Study 3 (N = 204) focused on listeners and examined if they could identify the accurate expectations behind complaints. The results confirmed previous findings about the overconfidence effect in social behavior. An additional analysis examined the accuracy rate of computerized detection methods and then compared the computer's performance to human judges' accuracy. The results showed that the accuracy rate from the computerized text analysis was around 25% to 30%. Human judges performed slightly better than computerized text analysis with a 30% to 35% of accuracy rate. This is one of the first research projects that has attempted to detect and recognize human intentions surrounding complaining using language modeling. / text

At present, the domestic economy reverses, the unemployment rate and the painful index staysat a high level, but the mainland people have the high expense ability, as well as comes to go sightseeing the intense wish, finally in the folk and under the correlation field urging, the government opens Class Three, and Class Two of mainland public figure in January 5th, 2002 comes to go sightseeing, once thus caused highly concerned however afterwards proved, because the government implemented this policy beforehand to obtain the tacit understanding by Mainland China. Promotes in the Executive Yuan six years country developing plan, 2008 tourists increasing plan not only are the key projects, is demonstrated the government thinks highly of the degree, this policy executed opportunity is not high. However, if comprehensively opens the mainland public figure to come the conception which goes sightseeing to be able to realized, goes abroad day by day by mainland people wealthy deep goes sightseeing the traveling to dispatch the strength to say, comes to go sightseeing every year the population should be over five million people. The government in 2002, two significant policies which impels "the tourist multiplies plan", "opens the mainland people to come to go sightseeing plan", in impels the determination in the demonstration government which goes sightseeing, but this two policies success or not, the mainland china people must act the pivotal role. Based on the above research motive, goals of this research are: First, the realization the type of mainland tourist comes for sightseeing and traveling complaint processing. Second, the realization at present Taiwan policy regarding the mainland tourist the regulation stipulation and present situation analysis. Third, SWOT to analyze our country to the mainland tourism service quality, software and hardwar facility, provides the reference for domestic tourism.

Nous analysons ce qu'est la douleur pour l'homme. Expérience humaine radicalement subjective, la douleur ne peut pas s'objectiver. Pour l'appréhender nous préférons à l'auto évaluation quantitative de la douleur l'hétéro-évaluation de ce que l'homme douloureux montre de lui-même par la médiation de son corps et surtout ce qu'il dit de cette expérience : la mise en récit. D'où l'importance de se tourner vers l'homme douloureux, pour qui la douleur est une pensée et une souffrance.L'homme qui se plaint de douleur fait part à autrui d'un « mal-être » dans lequel le sens qu'il attribue à l'expérience vécue possède une grande importance. Douloureux, sa présence au monde est altérée. Se plaindre de douleur représente une adresse au cœur de l'intersubjectivité où de nombreux phénomènes subjectifs s'échangent, s'entrecroisent et s'influencent. La forme de la plainte dépendra de nombreux facteurs dont les enjeux et les circonstances. Pour s'apaiser, l'homme douloureux, surtout celui dit douloureux chronique, doit bénéficier d'une reconnaissance première, réciproque et mutuelle, et d'une recherche de sens.L'engagement réciproque sollicité par se plaindre de douleur représente une rencontre intersubjective tendue qui se déroule entre une indifférence redoutée et une reconnaissance espérée, au risque du ressentiment : un chemin audacieux vers un champ des possibles. Une mise à l'épreuve de l'humanisation de l'autre au cours de laquelle des échanges produisant une déshumanisation ou une réhumanisation se succèdent. / We analyze what pain feels like to humans. Radically subjective human experience, pain cannot be objectified. In order to apprehend it we prefer hetero-assessment rather than quantitative self-assessment of pain. What painful man shows from himself through the mediation of his body and especially what he says about his experience: the story-telling. This is what explains the importance of being more attentive to the painful man, to whom pain is a thought and suffering.The man who complains about pain expresses to others his bad feelings in which the meaning he attributes to the experience has a great importance. In pain, his presence in the world is altered. Complaining about pain represents a request in the heart of intersubjectivity where many subjective phenomena are exchanged, intersected and influenced. The form of the complaint will depend on many factors, including challenges and circumstances. To soothe, the painful man, especially for the patients with a chronic pain, must receive a first recognition, reciprocal and mutual, and a search for meaning.The mutual commitment sought by complaining of pain represents a tensed intersubjective meeting which takes place between a feared indifference and a hoped recognition, with the risk of experiencing resentment: a bold path to a field of possibilities. A testing of the humanization of the other while trades will pass through producing dehumanization or re-humanizing.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjamas pacientų teisių gynimo institutas Lietuvoje ir Danijoje. Temos aktualumą sąlygoja pacientų nepasitenkinimas Lietuvos sveikatos priežiūros sistema, kuris iš dalies yra sąlygotas nepilnavertiškai funkcionuojančios pacientų teisių gynybos sistemos. Danija pasirinkta kaip šalis, pasižyminti gerai sutvarkyta socialinio gerovės sistema bei aukštu gyventojų pasitenkinimo lygiu, kuris priklauso ir nuo pasitenkinimo sveikatos apsaugos sistema. Darbo tikslas – sistemiškai išanalizuoti ir palyginti pacientų teisių gynybos būdus Lietuvos Respublikoje ir Danijoje, įvertinti juos bei pasiūlyti pacientų teisių gynimo tobulinimo kryptis Lietuvoje. Vienas pagrindinių darbe naudojamų metodų - tai teisinių dokumentų analizė - analizuojami Lietuvos, Danijos, ES teisės aktai, reglamentuojantys pacientų teisių sampratą ir jų gynimo neteisminius ir teisminius metodus, teismų sprendimai, mokslinės publikacijos. Lyginimo metodu siekiama atskleisti pacientų teisių instituto panašumus ir skirtumus bei išryškinti lyginamos šalies privalumus ir trūkumus. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje nagrinėjama pacientų teisių samprata bei jų reglamentavimas Lietuvoje ir Danijoje. Antroji dalis skirta ikiteisminių pacientų teisių gynybos būdų analizei, išryškinant egzistuojančius esminius skirtumus Danijoje ir Lietuvoje teisės skųstis ir teisės į žalos atlyginimą srityje. Smulkiau analizuojamos sritys, kurios iš esmės yra skirtingos abiejose šalyse -... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This Master thesis deals with the investigation of defence modes of patients rights in Lithuania and Denmark from the comparative perspective. The relevance of the topic is proved by the dissatisfaction of patients with Lithuanian health care system which partly exists due to non properly functioning patients rights defence system. Denmark was chosen as a country with properly arranged social welfare system and high satisfaction level of its inhabitants, which is also characteristic to their satisfaction with health care system. The aim of the thesis is to carry out comparative analysis of defence modes of patients rights in Lithuania and Denmark, evaluate them and define the possible ways for the improvement of the defence modes. An analysis of legal documents is one of the main methods used in this research. While using this method legal acts of Lithuania, Denmark and EU regulating the concept of patients rights and judicial and extrajudicial defence modes of patients rights, ad judgements, research publications are analysed. Whereas the comparative method is applied while seeking to reveal the existing similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of patients rights in Lithuania and Denmark. The first chapter of the thesis deals with the analysis of the concept of patients rights and their regulations in Lithuania and Denmark. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of extrajudicial defence modes of patients rights while revealing the existing... [to full text]

The thesis monitors the distribution logistics of company CommScope at the local and corporate level. The aim of this work is the optimization of the current state and the proposal to use the combined mode of transport for the largest customer in Europe. The theoretical part is focused on the current method of arranging transport and carrier choise. The practical part is a detailed analysis of the road transport from manufacturer to the customer and proposal for using an alternative mode of combined transporport is formulated.