Submitted by MATEUS LEMOS SIMON null (mateus.simon@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-21T03:51:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Influência da Complexidade na Eficiência Operacional do Consorcio Modular - FINAL.pdf: 2683320 bytes, checksum: 0df5551d7116f8533bb5bb116893a7d6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-05-24T13:53:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 simon_ml_me_guara.pdf: 2683320 bytes, checksum: 0df5551d7116f8533bb5bb116893a7d6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-24T13:53:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 simon_ml_me_guara.pdf: 2683320 bytes, checksum: 0df5551d7116f8533bb5bb116893a7d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-21 / Em busca de competitividade, as montadoras vêm aumentando seu portfólio de produtos para ampliar vendas, mas com isso são desafiados a produzir com maior variedade e maior volume de produção. O gerenciamento das novas peças em conjunto com as antigas aumenta a complexidade do sistema produtivo. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a relação entre complexidade e eficiência operacional em operações de alto volume de produção e alta variedade de produtos, típicas na produção de veículos comerciais como caminhões e ônibus. O estudo é realizado no Consórcio Modular. A Literatura recente evidencia oportunidades de pesquisa para melhor entendimento sobre complexidade como forma de perseguir as necessidades do cliente, oferecer produtos personalizados e lidar com customização em massa sem perder de vista o desempenho operacional. / Pursuing competitiveness, automakers has increased its product portfolio to expand sales, but it is challenged to produce more variety and greater production volumes. The management of new parts increases systems complexity. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between complexity and operational efficiency in high-volume production and high variety of products, typical in the production of commercial vehicles such as trucks and buses. The study is conducted in the Modular Consortium. The recent literature shows research opportunities for better understanding of complexity in order to pursue the client's needs by offering customized products and deal with mass customization without letting go operational performance.

Recent research within the field of Software Engineering have used GitHub, the largest hub for open source projects with almost 20 million users and 57 million repositories, to mine large amounts of source code to get more trustworthy results when developing machine and deep learning models. Mining GitHub comes with many challenges since the dataset is large and the data does not only contain quality software projects. In this project, we try to mine projects from GitHub based on earlier research by others and try to validate the quality by comparing the projects with a small subset of quality projects with the help of software complexity metrics.

Orientador: Eliana Amábile Dancini / Banca: Genaro Alvarenga Fonseca / Banca: Mário José Filho / Resumo: A proposta deste estudo é analisar qual o conceito internalizado de meio ambiente que um grupo de mulheres possuem e refletir se elas relacionam o seu estado de saúde/doença com o meio ambiente em que vivem e também, analisar as representações e o imaginário dessas mulheres em relação à saúde, à doença e ao meio ambiente, sob a ótica das mesmas, utilizando o Pensamento Complexo, especialmente representado por Edgar Morin, que considera o imaginário e as representações como outras racionalidades, inseparáveis da racionalidade científica dominante. Estas mulheres compõem o Grupo de Quarteirão do Núcleo de Saúde da Família I, localizado no bairro Sumarezinho, em Ribeirão Preto (SP) e são pessoas pertencentes à classe baixa e média-baixa, em sua maioria, maiores de 60 anos e portadoras de doenças crônicas. Esta escolha se deveu ao fato de ser um grupo que trata de assuntos do cotidiano, como, trabalho, saúde, doença, educação e relações de um conjunto de pessoas numa determinada sociedade, o que contempla a área de concentração do programa de pós-graduação em Serviço Social. O estudo foi elaborado a partir do conteúdo de entrevista estruturada realizada com cada uma das participantes do Grupo de Quarteirão. Nota-se, sob a ótica das mulheres pesquisadas, através de suas representações e do seu imaginário, que elas tendem a perceber de forma dual a saúde/doença. Isto significa dizer que, para a maioria delas, ou o corpo está são ou está doente, numa visão dicotômica. À primeira vista, não é feita uma reflexão, nem percebida uma correlação forte entre saúde, doença e meio ambiente, em especial, porque o meio ambiente é visto, pela grande maioria, de uma forma reducionista. Neste sentido, elas entendem meio ambiente apenas como meio ambiente natural, ou seja, como preservação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the internalized concept of environment in a group of women and to reflect upon whether they relate their state of health/sickness to the environment where they live, as well as to verify the representations and the imaginary of these women in relation to health, sickness and to the environment, according to their own view, while using the Complex Thought, which was specially represented by Edgar Morin, who considers the imaginary and the representations as other rationales, inseparable from the dominant scientific rationale. These women form the 'block group of the Family Health Nucleus I', located at Sumarezinho neighborhood in Ribeirão Preto (SP), they belong to the lower and lower-middle classes, are mostly over 60 years old and chronically ill. This choice was due to the fact that this group deals with issues of the daily life, such as work, health, illness, education and the relations of a group in a certain community, which contemplates the area of concentration of the post-graduation program in Social Assistance. This study was conducted from the contents of a structured interview carried out with each participant of the group. It is observed that, according to their view, through their representations and imaginary, they tend to perceive health/illness in a dual way. This means that for most of them, the body is either healthy or ill, in a dichotomous view. At first sight, there is no reflection, nor the strong correlation between health, illness and environment is perceived, especially because the environment is seen, by most of them, in reductionism. In this sense, they understand environment only as a 'natural environment', that is to say, as preservation of the forests, rivers, animals and the atmosphere. The urban environment is not considered, therefore not worthy of attention... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Antônio Suárez Abreu / Banca: Maria do Rosário de Fátima Valencise Gregolin / Banca: Eliana Izabel Scurciatto / Banca: Maria Flávia de Figueiredo Pereira Bollela / Banca: Iracema Aparecida Wada Papa / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi encontrar novos direcionamentos para o ensino de língua, na dinâmica complexa da ordenação de ideias em textos escritos por alunos universitários. Nossa hipótese básica é de que um número considerável de jovens ingressantes no ensino superior não redige com clareza por falta do necessário domínio das estruturas sintáticas e suas funções, o que decorre, a nosso ver, de um equívoco na concepção de língua e de escrita sob a qual eles foram educados. Com o intuito de compreender as estratégias linguísticas utilizadas por alunos recém-admitidos em faculdade, para organizar com clareza as suas ideias, recorremos à perspectiva funcionalista e aos postulados da Linguística Cognitiva, uma vez que esses modelos teóricos partilham a mesma noção de que a língua é parte da cognição humana, devendo, pois, ser estudada em função do contexto sociocomunicativo. O corpus desta pesquisa é constituído por um conjunto de textos escritos por ingressantes em Direito, visto que deles - mais do que outros profissionais - serão exigidas habilidades linguísticas capazes de corresponder, de forma clara, aos anseios de seus clientes. Nossa amostra resultou de atividades de reescrita de textos confusos ou ambíguos que foram oferecidos aos alunos em sala de aula. A proposta de refacção textual foi baseada no paradigma dos Sistemas Complexos, que entende que tanto a parte está no todo, como o todo está nas partes de que se compõe. Desse modo, os alunos foram levados a buscar soluções de clareza para seus textos, trabalhando intuitivamente, procurando orientação de reescrita somente no princípio da complexidade de passar da desordem (caos) para a ordem sem receberem instruções gramaticais explícitas. Os resultados permitiram a valiosa possibilidade de ensinar questões de língua confiando na reordenação de estruturas pelos próprios alunos / Abstract: The aim of this thesis was to find new issues for language teaching, in the complex dynamics of ordering ideas in written texts by college students. Our hypothesis is that a considerable number of students entering college do not write in a clear way, for lacking the necessary mastery of syntactic structures and their functions. From our point of view, this is due to the development of a failing conception of both language and writing during their education. Aiming at understanding linguistic strategies employed by college freshmen for organizing their ideas with clarity, we called on the functionalist viewpoint and the assumptions of cognitive linguistics, since those frameworks share the same notion of language as part of human cognition and thus must be studied in the social and communicative context. The corpus of this research is composed by an amount of texts written by Law freshman students, because inasmuch for them - more than others professionals - it will be requested language skills apt for corresponding, in a clear way, to the aspirations of their clients. Our sample is the result of the rewriting activity of bewildered or ambiguous texts presented to the students in classrooms. The text rewriting proposal is based on the Complex System paragon, which states that the part is in the whole as much as the whole is in its component parts. Thereby, the students were guided to look for clarity solutions for their texts, working intuitively by finding the rewriting guidance only under the complexity principle of passing from disorder (chaos) to order, without explicit grammatical instructions. The results worthily contributed to a possibility of teaching language issues by trusting the own students to reordering structures / Doutor

The work presented in this thesis discusses various formalisms for representing the addition of order-controlling and order-relaxing mechanisms to existing formal language models. An immediate example is shuffle expressions, which can represent not only all regular languages (a regular expression is a shuffle expression), but also features additional operations that generate arbitrary interleavings of its argument strings. This defines a language class which, on the one hand, does not contain all context-free languages, but, on the other hand contains an infinite number of languages that are not context-free. Shuffle expressions are, however, not themselves the main interest of this thesis. Instead we consider several formalisms that share many of their properties, where some are direct generalisations of shuffle expressions, while others feature very different methods of controlling order. Notably all formalisms that are studied here have a semi-linear Parikh image, are structured so that each derivation step generates at most a constant number of symbols (as opposed to the parallel derivations in for example Lindenmayer systems), feature interesting ordering characteristics, created either by derivation steps that may generate symbols in multiple places at once, or by multiple generating processes that produce output independently in an interleaved fashion, and are all limited enough to make the question of efficient parsing an interesting and reasonable goal. This vague description already hints towards the formalisms considered; the different classes of mildly context-sensitive devices and concurrent finite-state automata. This thesis will first explain and discuss these formalisms, and will then primarily focus on the associated membership problem (or parsing problem). Several parsing results are discussed here, and the papers in the appendix give a more complete picture of these problems and some related ones.

This thesis addresses how leaders find themselves doing something even when they don't know what to do. It is based on my own practice as an experienced team leader and it deals with questions of action, time, identity and leadership. A classic understanding of action usually reflects an expectation of a rational means-ends relationship where actions are designed and applied by individuals to reach well-defined goals within a certain context and within a certain time. In contrast, in this thesis, I describe acting as a much more complex process, as something becoming, as a patterning of activities involving multiple actors in a continuous and complex interweaving of relationships. I describe my experience of leading a team of consultants in international development projects where I inquire into how we often find ourselves acting into uncertainty even when we are not at all sure what to do. Adopting the theory of complex responsive processes of relating, which combines insights from the complexity sciences, social psychology and process sociology, I have come to see acting in our projects as complex, unpredictable, emerging themes and patterns of dialogues between colleagues, clients and other actors, rather than as an activity undertaken by an individual such as a team leader. I do not have an outside position to acting in a project as I am fully involved in the process while this paradoxically influences me at the same time. I argue that acting is related to identity, which can be understood as a sense of self, a person's moral self-interpretation which has a narrative structure and which is continuously being formed by (and is forming) one's acting. I argue that my experience of our practice may be explained by the pragmatists' understanding of acting based on actual lived experience where the means paradoxically become our 'ends-in-view' and vice versa, meaning that we do not just try to maintain a theoretical, future goal but move forwards towards what is practically possible, what we find useful and what makes sense in the present. Acting happens in a living present, meaning that we understand the present through our interpretation of the past as well as our expectation of the future, and we construct this living present as something that works for us when we pursue our collective aims and interests. In the process of acting, there is an arrow on time, meaning that what has been said cannot be unsaid, wherefore it is important to reflect on the perspective of 'ends-in-view' and to understand how acting into a situation may reveal new opportunities. The thesis contributes to knowledge within my profession as an original invitation to think differently about two aspects: first, seeing acting in a project with a much more processual, temporal and encompassing understanding where action is not located in an individual; second, understanding how acting is influenced by one's identity, a sense of self, which is paradoxically being formed by the acting at the same time. Further, the thesis identifies sociality, being different things at the same time (Mead, 1932/2002), as a new aspect in the theory of complex responsive processes of relating (Stacey, Griffin, & Shaw, 2000), recognising its significance in the process of understanding of how novelty occurs. The thesis contributes to my practice in terms of an increased reflexivity and acceptance that a team leader cannot determine outcomes in advance; that leadership is a complex process involving many actors; and that observing ends-in-view may create new and surprising ways forward. I find that these insights can lead to an increased acceptance of how we can act under conditions of uncertainty.

The construction industry is notorious all over the world for disputes and claims. In large scale projects these claims are often more frequent and more expensive. The contract is the legal frame work of the project and forms project culture, therefore is a logical starting point for any attempt in reducing project claims. This research initially intended to study the possibility of drafting a robust contract which can prevent claims in major projects, and the main characteristics of such contract. However a review of contract related theories (transaction cost economics, agent theory and relational contracting) revealed that there is no such thing as perfect contract; and that contracts are invariably incomplete and prone to formation of claims. Traditional management theory considers disputes in project as pathological and tries to prevent them. The development and use of standard forms of contract was an attempt to tackle the problem of claim in the construction project, yet today more than 50 standard forms are in use in the UK alone and the rate of claims is at its highest ever. Much of the literature introduces partnering as a panacea for the current plague of disputes and claims. However this idea is seriously challenged by some scholars. Complexity science maintains that projects are complex systems and conflict occurs naturally. Conflicts are neither good nor bad by themselves; however the system needs re-adjustment after such conflicts. Flexibility of contracts or error controlled regulation can enhance such readjustment measures in the system. To get first hand information about the nature of claims from practitioners in major projects different methods of data gathering have been used. Three case studies, a set of interviews and a questionnaire survey have been conducted. Using a grounded theory like approach some repeating patterns of forming claims in the oil, gas and petrochemical projects are identified. Considering that all data have been gathered from Iranian projects, Iranian national culture has also been studied. The research concludes that contracts cannot prevent claims no matter how well they are drafted; nevertheless a poorly drafted contract can cause dispute. Some areas for improvement have been identified in the Iranian oil, gas and petrochemical sectors. By analysing the data and studying standard contracts some suggestions are made. In practice, stake holders try to preserve flexibility and rearrange relationships to keep continuity of contract and complete their projects.

Apesar dos esforços para a gestão e manejo quanto ao uso e apropriação dos recursos pesqueiros, observa-se que a maioria das populações pesqueiras encontra-se em estado de sobre-explotação. Consequentemente, questiona-se a adequação dos princípios norteadores de gestão pesqueira, propostos pela Organização das Nações Unidas para Agricultura e Alimentação (FAO). Dada a complexidade de conexões e interações firmadas entre elementos ecossistêmicos e socioeconômicos, propõe-se o estabelecimento do princípio epistêmico da complexidade e um marco analítico-conceitual que reintegre o indivíduo à natureza, como um conhecimento pelo qual se tenha uma forma alternativa de interpretação e compreensão da institucionalização do pensamento e de práxis sobre o ambiente, e das mudanças em processo, dos mesmos, quanto ao uso e apropriação de recursos naturais. Incorporando a consciência reflexiva e crítica, por desdobramentos dialéticos, e pelo exercício no uso dos princípios: dialógico, recursivo e hologramático; construiu-se um arcabouço teórico no qual se atribui significado ao indivíduo, as instituições e a natureza sustentada por argumentos de natureza filosófica, especificamente na ontologia do tempo de Henri Bergson. Daí se conclui que a unidade e conformidade dos comportamentos individuais e a manutenção da práxis sobre a natureza se registra na institucionalização do conhecimento, dos significados e seus simbolismos, nos modelos representativos da natureza que são aprendidos e transmitidos através da cultura, enquanto “simbologia aglutinadora”. Enquanto que a mudança em processo, que se expressa na criatividade e na inovação dos comportamentos individuais, resulta da atualização dos significados atribuídos ao real, apreendido pelo tempo experienciado, que atualiza a memória histórico-cultural pela percepção e apreensão de que o fenômeno presente se diferencia do passado por uma multiplicidade que lhe confere qualidades distintas daquele, tornando-os não semelhantes apenas equivalentes. / Despite efforts to improve management and handling of the use and appropriation of fish as a resource, most sources are over exploited. As a result, the validity of the principles guiding fishing management that were put forward by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is called into question. Given the complexity of the connections and interactions that exist between ecosystemic and socioeconomic elements, this doctoral dissertation proposes the establishment of the epistemic principle of complexity and an analytical-conceptual framework that reinstate the individual in nature, as a knowledge through which there is an alternative form of interpretation and understanding of the institutionalization of thinking and praxis around the environment, and of the changes underway, concerning the use and appropriation of natural resources. In integrating the reflective and critical conscious, through dialectical unfoldings and the use of the dialogic, recursive and holographic principles; a theoretical framework is set up in which meaning to the individual, institutions and nature is assigned, these three being supported by arguments of philosophical nature, specifically based on the ontology of time of Henri Bergson. From this it can be concluded that the unity and conformity of individual behaviors and the continued effects of praxis on nature are registered in the institutionalization of knowledge, of meanings and its symbolisms, and in the representative models of nature that are learned and transmitted through culture, as "unifying symbology". Whereas the change that is underway, which expresses itself in the creativity and innovation of individual behaviors, results from updated meanings that are attributed to the real, and learned from time experienced, which updates the historical and cultural memory through the perception and understanding that the present phenomenon differentiates itself from the past by a multiplicity that gives the former distinct qualities from the latter, making them not similar but rather equivalent.

O presente trabalho busca analisar a possibilidade de aplicação da mediação aos conflitos ecológicos com a finalidade de promover a proteção do meio ambiente de forma eficaz e inclusiva no Brasil. Como base deste estudo está o exame da crise ecológica e da mudança de postura do ser humano em relação às questões ambientais. A partir da compreensão desse processo histórico e social, procura-se verificar a evolução da proteção legal ao meio ambiente no direito brasileiro e a afirmação da intenção da sociedade de proteger o meio ambiente como parte do direito fundamental à qualidade de vida. Propõe-se uma análise que também envolve questões de ecologia política no sentido de examinar a ação política da indagação sobre as mudanças mais recentes da condição do ser humano em relação à natureza. Neste aspecto, constrói-se uma análise legislativa sobre os instrumentos de proteção ambiental no direito brasileiro, incluindose o questionamento sobre os instrumentos extrajudiciais de proteção ambiental. A estrutura apresentada se mostra como fundamento ao exame da mediação como alternativa ao enfrentamento dos conflitos ambientais no Brasil. Esta análise desenvolve-se a partir do método dedutivo, uma vez que, por meio da revisão de literatura, partiu-se de noções gerais sobre a concepção do ser humano frente à natureza e da forma com que as diferentes concepções alteraram o tratamento jurídico da proteção à natureza. A pesquisa, portanto, mostra-se adequada à linha de pesquisa à qual está vinculado, pois busca uma análise dos fundamentos teórico-filosóficos da mediação aplicada à questão ambiental no direito brasileiro. / This study aims to analyze the application possibility concerning the mediation procedure for ecological conflicts in order to promote the environment protection in Brazil. The study approaches the examination of the ecological crisis and the human changing posture in front of environmental matters. It parts from the historical review concerning the environmental protection legal affirmation process. The aim is to examine the development of environment legal protection in brazilian law, as well as to examine the social intention concerning the environment protection - as a fundamental right for quality of life. The analysis involves political ecology theories in order to analyze the political action on the current changes in the human condition in relation to nature. In this context, it built an analyses concerning the legal instruments for the environmental protection in Brazil. However the focus was also the extra-legal instruments: mediation. The research structure presents the mediation process as an alternative way for solving some environmental matters. The methodology applied is deductive method, begging from a literature review concerning legal regulation for environment in Brazil as well as legal regulations concerning mediation process. The research, therefore, is in harmony to the research lines of this Program.

Esta dissertação trata das interfaces da escola, do Ensino da Geografia e da proposta do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Procura responder algumas das inquietações que temos vivido em nossa jornada profissional, como, por exemplo: como deve ser o Ensino da Geografia no Ensino Médio, a partir da proposta do ENEM? A abordagem dada à Geografia nas questões do ENEM abarca uma leitura complexa do espaço geográfico ou não? Como podemos aproximar nossos fazeres e saberes pedagógicos em Geografia às atuais necessidades do Ensino Médio, baseando-nos em tal proposta? A abordagem teórico-metodológica é baseada no Paradigma da Complexidade de Edgar Morin, estando ancorada em diversas lunetas, entre elas as de Milton Santos e Jean Piaget. A metodologia empregada é a pesquisa qualitativa, com base em Uwe Flick. Em congruência com a teoria, a parte empírica deste estudo é desenvolvida a partir de uma escola da rede pública estadual de ensino, localizada na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. A proposta desta pesquisa é pensar e avaliar caminhos para o Ensino de Geografia que possibilitem problematizar e reconstruir as diferentes significações da vida, dentro e fora da sala de aula. / This thesis deals with the school interfaces, the Teaching of Geography and the proposal of High School National Exam (ENEM). It intends to answer to some of the concerns that we have been experiencing in our professional journey, as, for example: how does the teaching of Geography should be during High School, from ENEM's proposal? Does the approach directed to Geography in ENEM's questions embrace a complex reading of the geographical space or not? How can we get our work and pedagogical knowledge closer to the current needs of High School, based on such proposal? The theoretical-methodological approach is based on the Paradigm of Complexity by Edgar Morin, being anchored in a diversity of ideas, among them, the ones from Milton Santos and Jean Piaget. The methodology used is a qualitative research, based on Uwe Flick. In line with theory, the empirical part of this study is developed in a public school located in the Metropolitan Region of the city of Porto Alegre/RS. The aim of this research is to think and evaluate ways to the Teaching of Geography which allow to discuss and reconstruct the different meanings of life, inside and outside the classroom.