Submitted by Roberta D´Angela Menduni Bortoloti (robertamenduni@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-20T14:39:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_FIM_Roberta.pdf: 154195498 bytes, checksum: 7914e88c9de15de25d87beef14a3d99f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2016-07-21T14:35:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_FIM_Roberta.pdf: 154195498 bytes, checksum: 7914e88c9de15de25d87beef14a3d99f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T14:35:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_FIM_Roberta.pdf: 154195498 bytes, checksum: 7914e88c9de15de25d87beef14a3d99f (MD5) / UESB / Apresentamos uma matemática para o ensino como um modelo para o ensino do conceito de proporcionalidade. Este modelo permite reunir uma variabilidade de formas de comunicar o conceito de proporcionalidade e (re)apresentá-la por meio de uma estrutura teórica que organiza seus modos de ocorrência. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi a construção de um modelo de uma matemática para o ensino do conceito de proporcionalidade, no qual identificamos diferentes modos de comunicar o conceito em questão, utilizando três fontes: artigos científicos, um grupo de professores e livros didáticos de matemática. Três objetivos específicos foram propostos para que se alcançasse o objetivo geral. O primeiro consistiu em construir uma matemática para o ensino do conceito de proporcionalidade a partir de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, identificando e sintetizando estudos. Fundamentamos os dois outros objetivos no método qualitativo, sendo o segundo o de construir uma matemática para o ensino do conceito de proporcionalidade a partir de um grupo com professores da educação básica e, o terceiro objetivo construir uma matemática para o ensino do conceito de proporcionalidade a partir de livros didáticos de matemática da educação básica. A justificativa para a escolha do método qualitativo encontra-se na construção do modelo por meio do que é comunicado como proporcionalidade, seja por professores da educação básica ou autores de livros didáticos de matemática. Inspirados em Brent Davis, recorremos ao Estudo do Conceito como dispositivo investigativo para a produção dos diferentes usos do conceito de proporcionalidade. A apropriação que fizemos desse dispositivo, entrelaçado às definições teóricas dos trabalhos desenvolvidos pela pesquisadora Anna Sfard, se constituiu em instrumento de análise e estratégia de modelagem teórica. Os resultados mostraram uma diversidade de realizações do conceito de proporcionalidade, distribuída em três cenários, formando, assim, um modelo teórico para o ensino do conceito de proporcionalidade. No primeiro cenário, o conceito de proporcionalidade foi relatado como razão e realizou-se como taxa, escala, divisão, probabilidade, razão trigonométrica, porcentagem, divisão e quotização proporcionais, vetor e intervalos musicais. No segundo, ele foi descrito pela igualdade entre razões a partir do uso da regra de três, da divisão proporcional de segmentos e da porcentagem. No último cenário, esse conceito foi apresentado como taxa de variação de uma função, podendo ser identificada como uma constante de proporcionalidade, um fator-escala, um coeficiente angular ou uma declividade. / ABSTRACT We present Mathematics for the teaching as a model for the teaching of the proportionality concept. This model allows to gather a variability of ways of communicating the proportionality concept and (re) introduce it through a theoretical structure that organizes its ways of occurrence. The general objective of the study was the building of a model of Mathematics for the teaching of the proportionality concept. We have identified three different ways to communicate this concept, through the use of three sources: scientific papers, a group of teachers and mathematics textbooks. There were proposed three specific objectives in order to achieve the general objective. The first one was to build Mathematics for the teaching of the proportionality concept from a systematic review of literature, through the identification and syntheses of the studies. We have founded the two other objectives in the qualitative method, being the second one to build Mathematics for the teaching of the proportionality concept through a group with Elementary School teachers, and the third one to build Mathematics for the teaching of the proportionality concept through textbooks of Mathematics in Elementary School. The reason for the choice of the qualitative method can be found in the building of the model through the way of what has been taught as proportionality, has it been done by Elementary School teachers or authors of mathematics textbooks. Being inspired by Brent Davis, we used the Concept Study as an investigative tool for the production of the different uses of the proportionality concept. The appropriation that we made of this tool, together with the theoretical definitions of the work by the researcher Anna Sfard, were used in the analysis and strategy of theoretical modeling. The results showed diversity for the proportionality concept that had been distributed in three different landscapes and, this way, creating a theoretical model for the teaching of the proportionality concept. In the first landscape, the proportionality concept was related as ratio and it was hold as rate, scale, division, probability, trigonometric ratio, percentage, proportional division and partition, vector and music intervals. In the second one, it was described through the equality between ratios through the use of the rule of three, the proportional division of segments and percentage. In the last landscape, this concept was presented as a rate of variation of a function and it can be identified as a constant of proportionality, a scale factor, an angular coefficient or a declivity.

Submitted by Jean Coutinho (jeanlbiko@hotmail.com) on 2015-12-16T19:31:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MatematicaparaoEnsinoAC.pdf: 2609857 bytes, checksum: aae033891c7c90a4c130cf4f93a30ae3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2015-12-17T18:56:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MatematicaparaoEnsinoAC.pdf: 2609857 bytes, checksum: aae033891c7c90a4c130cf4f93a30ae3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-17T18:56:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MatematicaparaoEnsinoAC.pdf: 2609857 bytes, checksum: aae033891c7c90a4c130cf4f93a30ae3 (MD5) / O objetivo deste estudo foi modelar uma Matemática para o Ensino do conceito de combinação simples em Análise Combinatória. Os materiais de análise utilizados nesta pesquisa foram observados em duas fontes: produções científicas a partir de uma Revisão Sistemática e um estudo com professores. A estrutura de análise proposta foi o Estudo do Conceito e suas ênfases: realizações, panoramas e vinculações. Para tal propósito, foi analisado um corpus de dez artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros, nas áreas de Educação e Ensino, avaliados pelo sistema WebQualis da CAPES como A1, A2, B1 e B2. Além disso, foi organizado um estudo coletivo cujos integrantes foram seis professores atuantes nos níveis fundamental, médio e/ou superior que possuíam experiência no ensino de Análise Combinatória. Como resultado, foi apresentado um modelo de Matemática para o Ensino de combinação simples, estruturado em quatro panoramas: formalista, instrumental, ilustrativo e comparativo, que sugerem implicações para o fazer do professor que ensina combinação simples e desdobramentos da pesquisa. / ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to model a Mathematics for Teaching the concept of simple combination in Combinatory Analysis. Materials observed in this investigation came from two sources: a systematic review of scientific production and a study with teachers. The proposed structure for the analysis was a Concept Study in its emphases: realizations, landscapes and entailments. In favor of that, a corpus of ten articles published in Brazilian journals in the areas of Education and Teaching was analyzed, all of them evaluated by CAPES’ system WebQualis as A1, A2, B1 and B2. In addition, there was a collective study with six teachers acting in primary, secondary and/or higher education who had experience in teaching Combinatory Analysis. As a result, presented a model of Mathematics for Teaching the concept of simple combination, structured in four landscapes: formalist, instrumental, illustrative, and comparative, which suggest implications for the actions of the teacher that teaches simple combination, and for possible outspread of research.

Utifrån en problemställning formulerad av Trafikverkets skyltfond har produktutvecklingsföretaget Prodelox drivit ett projekt med syfte att testa kreativa idéer för att minska bromssträckan för personbilar i nödsituationer. Som en del i projektet har ett examensarbete genomförts vilket resulterat i denna rapport. Examensarbetet ämnar sammanställa en mängd idéer på alternativa metoder att bromsa bilar, för att sedan välja ut tre av dessa för praktiska tester. Idén med att korta bromssträckan grundar sig i trafiksäkerhetsarbetet i kombination med introduktionen av nya tekniska system som kan förutspå kollisioner. Om en kollision kan förutses är det av största intresse att kunna bromsa in bilen så mycket som möjligt innan detta sker för att minska skadorna och rädda liv. Ur ett förutsättningslöst perspektiv har kreativa idéer tagits fram. Rapporten tar dessutom upp och sammanfattar friktionsteorier och fordonsdynamiska aspekter att ta hänsyn till vid utvecklingsarbetet. Projektet följer en produktutvecklingsmetodik presenterad av Ulrich och Eppinger (2008) och omfattningen är utvecklingsfasens tidiga steg. Genom två iterationer utvecklas koncept genom framtagande av kravspecifikation, konceptgenerering, och konceptval. Idéer testas löpande genom fysiska såväl som virtuella prototyper under hela processen. Den första utvecklingsiterationen resulterar i 17 konceptidéer innefattande olika typer av bromsmetoder. Koncepten delas in i kategorierna ökad friktion, ökad normalkraft, spjärn mot asfalten, aerodynamik och magnetism. Tre koncept väljs ut och utvecklas vidare: Koncept Ankare, Gummiplatta och Avverkan. Utvecklingen av koncept Ankare resulterar i ett koncept där en infästning i asfalten sker i farten under bilen med hjälp av krutdrivna spikpistoler. Fästet förbinds med bilen med ett textilband kallat Tear Webbing. Det är två sydda remmar som producerar en konstant kraft då remmarna slits isär och sömmarna rivs upp. Bandet testas praktiskt och ger en bromseffekt på uppemot 1,5 g-krafter, medan de krutdrivna spikpistolerna inte kan testas i farten inom ramen för detta projekt. Koncept Gummiplatta bygger på att en stor gummiyta placerad under bilen trycks ner i marken och lyfter framvagnen på bilen. Olika gummibelägg testas med förhoppningen att hitta ett gummibelägg med goda friktionsegenskaper. Ökad area och optimerade materialegenskaper kan i teorin leda till bättre friktion. Konceptet testas på både vått och torrt väglag genom en konstruktion under testbilens framvagn. Fyra olika gummiprover jämförs med bilens vanliga bromsar. Endast ett gummi, naturgummi, presterar bättre än referensen i tester från 50 km/h, medan resten resulterar i längre bromssträcka. Vid tester från 100 km/h presterar samtliga gummiprover sämre än referensbromsningarna. Koncept Avverkan baseras på idén att en större kraft än friktionskraften kan fås ut om ett hårt material trycks ner i asfaltens yta och river upp densamma. Deformationerna av asfalten åstadkommer den bromsande kraften. I test av konceptet höll inte konstruktionen, men retardationen som utvecklades innan konstruktionen gav vika kom upp i 1,2 g-krafter, något som visar på att konceptet har kapacitet att korta bromssträckan. Som fortsättning på detta projekt föreslås flera vägar att gå. Koncepten Ankare och Avverkan visar på stor potential att korta bromssträckan och nya projekt med syfte att fortsatt utveckla och testa dessa koncept föreslås. Även andra projekt som ligger utanför syftet av denna rapport, så som en idé för att minska dubbdäcksanvändningen, föreslås för utredning i framtida studier. / At the request of the Swedish Transport Administration the product development company Prodelox has initiated a project aiming to test creative ideas on reducing the braking distance for passenger cars in emergency situations. As a part of this project a master thesis has been conducted resulting in this report. The thesis aims to compile ideas on alternative methods for braking cars, and thereafter choosing three of them for practical testing. In combination with introduction of new technical innovations that predict collisions, an alternative braking system that could brake more than standard brakes are of great interest. By reducing the braking distance deaths and serious injuries in traffic can be reduced. From this perspective ideas have been impartially generated. The report includes friction theory and vehicle dynamics to consider in the development. The project is following a product development process presented by Ulrich and Eppinger (2008) and focuses on the early stages of the process. In two iterations concepts are developed through the phases target specification, concept generation and concept selection. Ideas are concurrently tested through physical as well as virtual prototypes. The first development iteration resulted in 17 concepts including different kinds of braking methods. The concepts are divided into five categories; increased friction, increased normal load, grabbing of the asphalt, aerodynamics, and magnetism. Three concepts are chosen for further development; concept Anchor, Rubber plate, and Rip up. The development of concept Anchor results in a concept for which an attachment is made in the asphalt on the fly by use of cartridge actuated fastening machine. The attachment is connected to the car by a textile webbing, called Tear Webbing. It consists of two sewn straps that produce a constant force when torn apart. In practical tests, the concept generate a breaking effect of 1.5 g-forces, while the cartridge actuated fastening cannot be tested on the fly within this project. The development of concept Anchor results in a concept for which an attachment is made in the asphalt on the fly by use of cartridge actuated fastening machine. The attachment is connected to the car by a textile webbing, called Tear Webbing. It consists of two sewn straps that produce a constant force when torn apart. In practical tests, the concept generate a breaking effect of 1.5 g-forces, while the cartridge actuated fastening cannot be tested on the fly within this project. Concept Rip up is based on idea that a bigger force than the frictional force can be achieved by pressing a hard material into the surface of the asphalt road and tearing up the same. The deformations of the asphalt generate the braking force. While testing the concept the structure holding the horns broke, but the force achieved before time of collapse was corresponding to a deceleration of 1.2 g-forces. This shows that the concept has potential to reduce the braking distance. To conclude this project several new projects are suggested. The concepts Anchor and Rip up show great potential to reduce the braking distance and new projects aiming to further develop and test these concepts are recommended. Also other further studies outside the frame of this report are suggested, for example an idea on how to reduce the usage of studded tires.

Rapporten beskriver arbetet med att modernisera en testutrustning för ett robotsystem. Den nya testutrustningen skulle moderniseras till att använda USB-gränssnitt istället för RS232-gränssnitt för kommunikation mellan dator och den övriga hårdvaran. Arbetet börjar med kravspecifikation och slutar med en fungerande produkt. I det innefattas en kortare förklaring av USB-gränssnittet och dess skillnader från RS232-gränssnittet, en utredning för att finna den bästa lösningen för att förverkliga USB-kommunikationen med utrustningen och konstruktion av elektronik för att styra signaler och spänningsmatningar till robotsystemet. / This report describes the work to modernize a test equipmentt for a missile system. The new test equipment would be upgraded to use a USB interfaces instead of RS232 interface for communication between the computer and the rest of the hardware. The work begins with the specification and ends with a working product. In that included a brief explanation of the USB interface and its differences from the RS232 interface, an investigation to find the best solution for implementing USB communication with the equipment and construction of electronics to control signals and power supplies to the missile system.

The object of this diploma thesis is the concept of architectonic studies of concert hall – theatre music. The main functional scope of the projected building is concert hall with capacity of 542 visitors. Hall enables performances of choir up to 50 members and orchestra up to 80 members. Operative and service room of the concert hall background is one of the parts of handled task. The main accent was put on acoustic solution of the main hall and overall limpidity of the building operation. Building look and its solution is trying to supplement compactness of the urban unit with the respect to the surrounding build-up area.