This thesis presents the findings of a research project to develop and implement a Lean and agile Construction System on a case study project. The aim of the research project, for the sponsor company, was to improve its projects site operations, making them safer for the worker and improving effectiveness and productivity. The findings have shown that the Construction System has proved to be a successful set of countermeasures that act as an antidote to the health, safety and productivity problems that exist in UK construction and that face the sponsor company. The System has been implemented on a large and complex mechanical and electrical case study project in the healthcare sector of UK construction. The outcome of this case study project shows that 37% less onsite labour was needed, meaning fewer workers were exposed to health and safety risks from site operations, leading to zero reportable accidents. Good ergonomics was achieved by focussing on workplace design, thus improving workers wellbeing, together with an improved quality of work for those required on site carrying out simpler assembly tasks. Productivity gains resulted by eliminating process waste, therefore reducing the risk of labour cost escalation that could otherwise have occurred. A 7% direct labour cost reduction was made meaning the labour budget allocation was maintained. Significantly, an overall productivity of 116% was achieved using the Construction System, which compares favourably to BSRIA's findings of an average overall productivity of only 37% when compared to observed best practice for the projects in that case study research. The results include the benefits found from the use of an innovative method to assemble, transport, and install frameless, preassembled mechanical and electrical services modules, where a 93% reduction in onsite labour was achieved together with an 8.62% cost benefit. No time slippage was experienced during onsite assembly to delay or disrupt other trades and the commissioning programme was not compressed that could otherwise have caused problems in handing over the facility to the customer. From a customer's perspective, the built facilities were handed over on-time, to their satisfaction and to budget. The research has achieved two levels of innovation, one at a process level and one at a product level. The process innovation is the development and successful implementation of the Construction System, which is a combination of methods acting together as an antidote to the research problem. The product innovation is the development of the innovative method for assembling, transporting and installing frameless mechanical and electrical corridor modules, whereby modularisation can be achieved with or without an offsite manufacturing capability. The System is built on Lean principles and has been shown to standardise the work, process and products to create flow, pull and value delivery. It is transferable across the sponsor company's business as well as the wider industry itself. The transformation that has occurred is the creation of a step-change in undertaking mechanical and electrical construction work, which has realised a significant improvement in performance for CHt that has "Transformed Traditional Mechanical and Electrical Construction into a Modern Process of Assembly".

Occupational health and safety (H&S) is important to the design, construction, maintenance, refurbishment and demolition of buildings and facilities in all branches of industry, business and commerce. H&S issues have been a major consideration in construction. Far too many people get hurt, injured or die even though the situation has improved over recent years. Accident and fatality rates continue to be significantly higher than other industry sectors. Although all parties involved in the construction industry may address their respective responsibilities, the lack of integration between each organization often results in communication problems which jeopardize H&S. Of particular note is the communication during the design phase. All information pertaining to the project must be readily accessible for all parties, to ensure smooth and hitch-free project execution. This research reviews the challenges in the communication of health and safety information in the design phase of construction projects. It characterizes the various aspects of collaborative communications at this stage and highlights the problem area. The research was conducted in the UK based on a combination of qualitative research methods including literature review, interviews and analysis of focus group interviews data. Observations on documentation and interviews are used to investigate the current industry practice. The literature reviews revealed that communication industry is facing challenges with its communication system due to the nature of industry itself. The construction industry is a fragmented and complex industry with too many parties involved in a project. These parties come from various backgrounds and involved in the project in a temporary duration. The parties who become team members must be able to establish a relationship in such a short period of time and create a communication system that enables all of the parties to collaborate and interact with each other.

Organisational and individual Health and Safety (H&S) competence is an essential element to the successful completion of a construction project in a safe way and without hazards to the health of all workforce. Under the Construction (Design and Management) (CDM) Regulations 2007, the client should take reasonable steps to ensure that the appointed duty-holders and engaged people are H&S competent to design, build or co-ordinate the project. Although the CDM Regulations 2007 and its Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) have established ‘Core Criteria’ to guide the client to assess duty-holders’ H&S competence in the outset of a project, it is still difficult for most inexperienced clients to discharge the duty of making the key decisions in H&S competence assessment. In order to help the client implement H&S competence assessment, it is important to develop a tool that can effectively and efficiently support the client to make reasonable decisions in the selection of H&S competent duty-holders. According to the findings of the case study of existing formal H&S competence assessment schemes undertaken as part of this work, H&S competence assessment was characterised as a subjective, qualitative and non-linear regulation-compliance checking process. In addition, the case study helped identify the latent shortcomings in the ‘Core Critiera’ and the operational drawbacks in current practice of implementing H&S competence assessment. Based on a review of Information Technology (I.T.) and Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) applications in construction, Knowledge-Based System (KBS) is identified as being a suitable tool to support decision-making in H&S competence assessment, mainly due to its appropriateness to solve regulation-compliance checking problems and support subjective and qualitative decision-making process. Following a decision-making framework for H&S competence assessment, a KBS decision-support model was developed, applying three mechanisms to support the reasonable decision-making for H&S competence assessment. In order to develop an appropriate and practical KBS for H&S competence assessment, a textual knowledge base was developed, specifying the minimum satisfaction standards and a rating indicator system for ‘Core Criteria’. As a result, an online KBS was developed using Java Server Pages (JSP) technology and MySQL. The online KBS applied the textual knowledge base to support the screen, rating, ranking and reporting decision-supporting mechanisms. Simultaneously, the case inquiry and expert inquiry facilities were also included in the KBS for effective decision-making. Finally, construction experts and practitioners in H&S management evaluated the validity and usability of the KBS through a questionnaire survey. The prototype KBS was borne out to be an effective and efficient decision-support tool for H&S competence assessment and have the potential to be applied in practice.

Purpose: The construction industry is the industry with the largest amount of accidentseach year. The industry accounts for 20-40 percent of all fatal work accidents. Thereare several reasons why a lot of accidents occur in the industry but most of the accidentsis due to unsafe acts. The aim of the study is to investigate how the situation appearstoday and to present a suggestion to reduce the amount of accident for carpenters in theproduction. This has been done by answering the following questions: Why does accidents happen to carpenters in the production? In which operation, in the production, does most of the accidents occur? What can be given as a proposal to reduce the number of accidents for carpentersin the production stage?Method: Collection of data is mainly relied on interviews of carpenters, supervisorsand site managers. The method that is used is semi-structured interviews, documentanalysis and literature study. The interviews have been done with employees from threedifferent companies.Findings: The study has concluded that most accidents happens on heights and thatthey mostly happens of unsafe acts and that risk perception is not enough.By involving carpenters in the planning state can risks be detected and handled in anearly state. An improved communication between carpenters and the managementresult in discussion about risks and safety improves. The results of this is a saferenvironment and a decrease in work accidents.Implications: Work accidents can decrease through planning where carpenters areincluded in an early state. There should also be an open communication between thecarpenters and the management where safety will be discussed.Limitations: This study is limited to carpenters in the production because a study thatexamines all disciplines are too extensive for 15 HP. The interviews are limited to fivecarpenters, one foreman and two site managers. Because of this the study can´t bequalified to be generalizable though the study is considered transmittable to most of theconstruction companies. / Syfte: Byggbranschen är den bransch med flest antal anmälda yrkesolyckor per år.Branschen står för 20–40 procent av alla dödliga arbetsolyckor. Det finns flera orsakertill varför det sker så mycket olyckor i branschen men majoriteten beror på osäkrahandlingar. Syftet och målet med studien är att undersöka hur situationen ser ut idagsamt lämna ett förslag på hur man kan minska antalet olyckor för snickare iproduktionen. Detta har gjorts genom att besvara följande frågeställning: Varför uppstår det olyckor för snickare i produktionsstadiet? I vilket moment, i produktionen, uppstår det flest olyckor? Vad kan ges som förslag för att minska antalet olyckor för snickare iproduktionsstadiet?Metod: Insamling av data är främst förlitat sig på intervjuer av snickare, arbetsledareoch platschefer. De metoder som har använts i undersökningen är semistruktureradeintervjuer, dokumentanalyser och litteraturstudier. Intervjuerna är genomförda medpersoner från tre olika företag.Resultat: Genom studien har det framkommit att flest olyckor sker vid arbete på höghöjd och att olyckor beror mestadels av osäkra handlingar där riskhanteringen fallerar.Genom att involvera snickare i planeringen av arbetet kan riskmoment upptäckas ochhanteras i ett tidigt stadie. En förbättrad kommunikation mellan snickare och ledningenresulterar i att diskussioner om risker och säkerhet förbättras. Resultatet av detta är ensäkrare arbetsmiljö samt en minskning av arbetsolyckor.Konsekvenser: Arbetet är att arbetsolyckor kan minskas genom planering där snickareinvolveras samt en öppen kommunikation mellan snickare och ledningen där säkerhetkan diskuteras.Begränsningar: Arbetet är begränsat till endast snickare i produktionen då ett arbetesom undersöker alla yrkesgrupper inom byggbranschen blir för omfattande för 15 HP.Då intervjuerna är begränsade till fem snickare, en arbetsledare och två platschefer kanarbetet inte kvalificeras som generaliserbart dock anses arbetet vara överföringsbart påde flesta företag inom branschen.

This diploma thesis solves the construction technology project of construction hotel in Frýdlant. The introduction of the thesis contains basic information about the construction of the building. The presumed design and construction process are described in a construction-technological study. A time and financial object plan is also processed for the object, the total cost of which was determined from the software BuildPower S program according to the THU. Also included in this software program was an item budget for rough construction. A detailed schedule of the construction was created in Contec. In addition, suitable machines, mechanisms and site equipment are designed for the rough construction. In my work I deal mainly with the design of earthworks, rider bracing and board piles. For these stages a technological regulations and a control and test plan were implemented. A technological regulation was also created to make a white tank on the second basement floor. For the white tank is designed a formwork system with sofware DokaCad 8. Health safety and preservation at work are also addressed.