A cooperative small group facilitated case-based learning method has been used in the medical college at the researchers educational institution since the 2003-2004 academic year. They were designed to be a supplement to a primarily lecture-based curriculum where it was believed that these cooperative cases helped students to develop a better understanding of the material taught in the lectures, although no rigorous investigations had been completed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of these cooperative facilitated small group cases on five specific outcomes which included: 1) achievement, 2) knowledge confidence, 3) student satisfaction, 4) students perceived time on task, and 5) the students perceptions of the degree to which they believed a facilitator helped them to learn the material. These outcomes for cooperative learning (CL) were compared with individual learning (IL) outcomes. Quantitative data on student achievement and knowledge confidence were collected using a pre-test post-test 10 multiple choice question quiz. A brief questionnaire was also distributed to students to collect data regarding student satisfaction, time on task and perceived helpfulness of the facilitator.<p>Fifty-nine medical students were randomly assigned to either the CL or IL cohort (cooperative cohort, n = 32; individual cohort, n = 27). All students were blinded to the purpose of the study until all data were collected at the end of the investigation. Students completed the 10 multiple choice question pre-test. After each question they rated their level of confidence (on a scale from 1 to 10) that they had chosen the correct answer. Immediately after completion of the pre-test, they worked on the case, either cooperatively or individually. One week after the pre-test and case, the students completed the post-test quiz with the same questions, as well as the questionnaire.<p>A repeated-measures MANOVA was used to compare achievement and confidence in the CL (n =19) and IL (n =13) cohorts. An alpha level of .05 was used for all statistical tests. Effect sizes (d) were calculated for within-group and between-groups comparisons for achievement and confidence. Descriptive data on student satisfaction, time on task and facilitator helpfulness were gathered from the questionnaire and compared between groups.<p> Within-group results from the study showed that CL had a greater impact on student achievement and confidence than IL (achievement, d = 0.57 vs. 0.16; confidence, d = 0.52 vs. 0.14). The results for the statistical analysis did not reach significance for achievement or confidence. Between-groups effect sizes were calculated for average pre- to post-test change for achievement and confidence (achievement, d = 0.35; confidence, 0.40). Students in the CL cohort reported spending more time on task before and during the case session and less after the session. They also reported greater levels of satisfaction with the learning experience than IL group. The majority of students (90.5%) in the CL cohort felt that the facilitator helped them to learn.<p>The findings from this study showed that this CL method had a greater impact on the five outcomes outlined above compared to the IL method. Students made greater gains in achievement and confidence. They also spent more time on task, and had higher levels of satisfaction with the learning experience. Students in the CL cohort also believed that the facilitator helped them to learn. Implications of the study include possible expanded use of the cases within the curriculum of this medical college although the demands of resources and curriculum content would have to be carefully considered.

A cooperative small group facilitated case-based learning method has been used in the medical college at the researchers educational institution since the 2003-2004 academic year. They were designed to be a supplement to a primarily lecture-based curriculum where it was believed that these cooperative cases helped students to develop a better understanding of the material taught in the lectures, although no rigorous investigations had been completed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of these cooperative facilitated small group cases on five specific outcomes which included: 1) achievement, 2) knowledge confidence, 3) student satisfaction, 4) students perceived time on task, and 5) the students perceptions of the degree to which they believed a facilitator helped them to learn the material. These outcomes for cooperative learning (CL) were compared with individual learning (IL) outcomes. Quantitative data on student achievement and knowledge confidence were collected using a pre-test post-test 10 multiple choice question quiz. A brief questionnaire was also distributed to students to collect data regarding student satisfaction, time on task and perceived helpfulness of the facilitator.<p>Fifty-nine medical students were randomly assigned to either the CL or IL cohort (cooperative cohort, n = 32; individual cohort, n = 27). All students were blinded to the purpose of the study until all data were collected at the end of the investigation. Students completed the 10 multiple choice question pre-test. After each question they rated their level of confidence (on a scale from 1 to 10) that they had chosen the correct answer. Immediately after completion of the pre-test, they worked on the case, either cooperatively or individually. One week after the pre-test and case, the students completed the post-test quiz with the same questions, as well as the questionnaire.<p>A repeated-measures MANOVA was used to compare achievement and confidence in the CL (n =19) and IL (n =13) cohorts. An alpha level of .05 was used for all statistical tests. Effect sizes (d) were calculated for within-group and between-groups comparisons for achievement and confidence. Descriptive data on student satisfaction, time on task and facilitator helpfulness were gathered from the questionnaire and compared between groups.<p> Within-group results from the study showed that CL had a greater impact on student achievement and confidence than IL (achievement, d = 0.57 vs. 0.16; confidence, d = 0.52 vs. 0.14). The results for the statistical analysis did not reach significance for achievement or confidence. Between-groups effect sizes were calculated for average pre- to post-test change for achievement and confidence (achievement, d = 0.35; confidence, 0.40). Students in the CL cohort reported spending more time on task before and during the case session and less after the session. They also reported greater levels of satisfaction with the learning experience than IL group. The majority of students (90.5%) in the CL cohort felt that the facilitator helped them to learn.<p>The findings from this study showed that this CL method had a greater impact on the five outcomes outlined above compared to the IL method. Students made greater gains in achievement and confidence. They also spent more time on task, and had higher levels of satisfaction with the learning experience. Students in the CL cohort also believed that the facilitator helped them to learn. Implications of the study include possible expanded use of the cases within the curriculum of this medical college although the demands of resources and curriculum content would have to be carefully considered.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of cooperative learning method and individualistic learning method on learning outcomes and training reactions of adults participating an in-service training course. The study was conducted with 42 adults in pilot study and 92 in main study conducted in a government bank. Subjects were randomly assigned to two pilot study groups and four main study groups. Two different training programs were developed, one for individualistic learning, and the other for cooperative learning in order to test the effect of each method on learning outcomes and training reactions. The content and length of the training programs taught were held constant, and duration of training was totally 15 hours (3 hours in each of the five days). Participants, in all groups, learned the same topic of &ldquo / Structured On-the-Job Training&rdquo / and were taught by the same trainer. Cooperative learning groups worked on the exercises structured with the five basic elements of cooperative learning, and the individualistic learning groups worked as individually with the instructor calling on participants at random. Learning Outcomes Tests were administered at the end of each day to measure cognitive learning outcomes, which learners attained during the Training. Training Reactions Questionnaire was administered at the end of the Training. A significant difference between the cooperative learning group and the individualistic learning group was examined concerning learning outcomes as a result of ANCOVA by using the age as covariate. Subjects in the cooperative learning group had a significantly higher level of Learning Outcomes Test score than did those in the individualistic learning group. However, there was no significant difference between the cooperative learning groups and individualistic learning groups based on their training reactions. This study indicated that cooperative learning appears to be a method of instruction that is well suited to the needs of adult learners. Subjects of the study learned more through the cooperative learning method than individualistic learning method that was used. They responded to training as much positive as their counterparts learning in individualistic learning group. Results of the study suggest that structuring positive social interdependence in the classroom through cooperative learning procedures can be used effectively within adult education and specifically training settings.

This thesis adapts cooperative learning methods for the College English teaching context in China. Its focus is on investigating the effects of cooperative learning on students' English language proficiency, learning motivation and social skills, in comparison with traditional whole-class instruction, by employing a pre-test-post-test control group quasi-experimental design. The first chapter clarifies the context for the research, which includes an introduction about the importance of English language teaching in China, a description of the widely used traditional approach, as well as its negative consequences. Observations are made regarding the characteristics of College English teaching and recent nationwide College English reform, which have spurred a transformation of the traditional approach at the tertiary level, with a focus on enhancing students' listening and speaking abilities in English. This is followed by a brief overview of cooperative learning, as well as its potential to contribute to College English teaching. The overall aim of the research and the specific research questions addressed are presented at the end of this chapter. The second chapter consists of a review of the literature regarding the history of cooperative learning, the fundamental theoretical underpinnings of cooperative learning, major cooperative learning methods, basic elements of cooperative learning, and its positive outcomes. This chapter also elaborates on key issues in implementing cooperative learning in the classroom and the cultural appropriateness of cooperative learning in China. In accordance with the specific context for this research, this chapter addresses the relevant connections of cooperative learning to second and foreign language teaching, tertiary education, and large-class instruction. An extensive review is also included regarding recent studies on using cooperative learning in second and foreign language teaching around the world as well as in China. The review locates a gap in the existing studies; the effectiveness of cooperative learning in teaching English as a foreign language to tertiary learners in China, which constitutes the focus of this thesis. The third chapter starts with some key concepts essential for quantitative methodology used in this research. It is followed by an introduction of participants and the general research procedure, which includes a pilot study and a main study employing a pre-test-post-test control group quasi-experimental design. Details of the intervention procedure are provided, focusing on different teaching methods used in the cooperative learning classroom and the traditional classroom. This chapter also provides details of the three measures used in this research: the College English Test, the Language Learning Orientations Scale, and the Social Skills Scale for Chinese College English Learners. At the end of the chapter there is an explanation of specific techniques and principles for data analysis. In chapter four, results are presented based on analysis of the data from the three measures. In general, the results focus on seven aspects: mean scores, standard deviations of pre- and post-test scores for each group, effect sizes of Cohen's d from pre- to post-test for each group, alpha values of paired-samples t-tests for each group, alpha values of interaction effect between group and time from ANOVAs, alpha values of post-test difference between groups from one way ANCOVAs, and means plots for each of testing areas. The findings provide evidence in favour of cooperative learning in some areas, for instance, in teaching speaking, listening and reading, in generating intrinsic motivation, and in incorporating students' equal participation and individual accountability into learning. The final chapter includes a discussion of the findings on the three measures in relation to the findings of previous research. It goes on to discuss implications for the practice of English language teaching, with a focus on the challenges of using cooperative learning in Chinese tertiary institutions. These challenges mainly include designing appropriate cooperative learning tasks, extra workload involved in preparing and implementing cooperative learning lessons, limited teaching hours and a large curriculum to cover, as well as students' use of the first language in teamwork. The chapter ends with a discussion about the major contributions and limitations of the current study, as well as recommendations for future research.

本研究的目的在於探究合作學習的教學模式對於國民中學的學生在降低英語聽力焦慮和提升聽力能力雙方面上是否有效。本研究的研究對象是54位來自台灣北部地區的一所國民中學的學生，學生來自於經S型分班後同質性的2個普通班，2個班分別設定為對照組和實驗組，兩組在數量、性別、背景、聽力焦慮及聽力能力起始程度上皆相似。對照組施以傳統英語聽力教學模式：學生聽寫，教師給答案並講解的方式施教；實驗組則施以合作學習英語聽力教學模式：同學聽完練習後，交互討論練習答案的方式來學習。師生利用每週四堂英語課的前15分鐘來進行英語聽力合作學習，經過了約12週的教學後，兩組皆接受聽力焦慮量表的後測，及南一書局出版的聽力測驗。量表及測驗皆以獨立樣本t檢定來進行統計分析，研究結果顯示：實驗組和對照組相較之下，聽力焦慮降低的程度達到顯著差異；而聽力能力的部分，雖然實驗組比對照組在測驗分數上有進步，但進步幅度有限，未能達到顯著差異。除此之外，訪談問卷中的質性資料亦支持了量化結果。本研究冀希成為對於有意利用合作學習教學模式來教聽力的老師，在降低聽力焦慮和提升聽力能力上，一個教學上的參考。最後，研究者根據實驗的過程及結果，對未來合作學習或是聽力教學的研究，提出需要避免的情形及一些可進行的研究方向。 / This study is mainly to explore if the mode of cooperative learning can reduce junior high school students’ listening anxiety and promote their listening comprehension ability. The participants in this study were junior high school students from northern Taiwan. They were chosen from two homogeneous classes formulated by the normal s-style distribution. Two classes, decided as the control group and the experimental group, were the same in number, gender, background, listening anxiety as well as the listening comprehension ability. The control group was treated with the traditional mode of teaching listening: Students listened and wrote down their answers; the teacher gave answers and explanations. The experimental group was treated with the mode of cooperative learning: After students finished their listening practices, they exchanged notes and discussed answers by themselves. The initial fifteen minutes in every English class were employed to process the learning of cooperative learning four times a week. After twelve weeks, students in the two groups took the post-test of Foreign Language Listening Anxiety Scale and the listening comprehension test issued by Nan I Book Enterprise. Both instruments were measured by an independent-samples t-test. The result showed that the significant differences were attained in the listening anxiety. Nevertheless, the significant differences were not attained in the listening comprehension ability though the average score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Besides, the qualitative data from the questionnaire also sustain the quantitative results. Hopefully, this study can serve as a reference for those teachers who would like to teach English listening comprehension by the mode of cooperative learning. Eventually, the researcher provided some directions to follow and some awkward situations to avoid for future studies based on the experimental process and results in this study.

On the basis of experiences and studies developed in the last ten years, the contribution aims to discuss some different peculiarities between Cooperative Learning and Peer Tutoring models in Mathematics lesson. These models are specific interpretations of a way of conducting Mathematics lessons which requires the activity of students, their personal participation in the construction of knowledge. In the description of the two teaching-learning models, the analysis will deal in particular with the social aspects these models involve. Describing these two modalities of cooperation, also the importance of the care for the choice of suitable mathematical tasks and for different pedagogical setting they require will appear clearly. The issues described, together with the analogies and differences between the two models, could contribute to suggest more adequate didactical projects for teachers and deeper studies about students’ collaboration based models for researchers.

The thesis deals with linguistic games in the Czech language at the primary schools. The thesis is divided into two parts theoretical and practical. . The theoretical part focuses on the game and its benefits. Emphasis is put on the didactic game, its definition, classification, motivation, managemet and evaluation of the linguistic games. Theoretical part of the theses also deals with cooperative teaching and time undemanding cooperative methods. The practical part acquaints with the interpretation of the survey results. The survey was carried out by questionnaire. A fund of linguistic games applicable for the primary schools usage is part of the theses. These linguistic games were tried out and experienced.

Validation of an adventure programme with cooperative elements in school P.E. lessons Summary of the thesis The thesis deals with validating an innovative motor program with adventure and cooperative elements at a Czech elementary school. The aims of the thesis was to observe possible changes under the influence of the programme in social acceptance of children in class, in their self-concept and the amount of physical activities in their leisure time. The study was a quasi-experiment, concretely a cross classification with repeated testing. It was realized in classes of 6th , 7th and 8th grade (12-14 year old boys) (N=154) in physical education lessons. The research was realized during 6 month, intervention time was 3 months and data were gained in three time intervals. We have used the Social acceptance questionnaire and Self-concept and quality of life questionnaire as main research methods. Results brought two statistically significant values, however, in practical significance they explain a small number of results. Values in the sub-scale Pupil-classmates relationship were statistically significant (p=0,031), which explained 3% of results, and values in the item Evaluation of satisfaction with factors effecting self-concept had the statistical significance p=0,002 explaining 6,5% of results. In the...

VIEIRA, Hermany Rosa. Avaliação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem entre articuladores de células do Programa de Aprendizagem Cooperativa em Células Estudantis da Universidade Federal do Ceará. 2015. 154f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2015. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-06-03T12:54:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_hrvieira.pdf: 1887716 bytes, checksum: f9e3b4bb6dfd0d7fe27ee16ca2ad923e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-06-03T16:58:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_hrvieira.pdf: 1887716 bytes, checksum: f9e3b4bb6dfd0d7fe27ee16ca2ad923e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-03T16:58:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_hrvieira.pdf: 1887716 bytes, checksum: f9e3b4bb6dfd0d7fe27ee16ca2ad923e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / This study is about the cells’ articulator’s from the Program of Cooperative Learning in Student’s Cells – PACCE – learning processes, from the Federal University of Ceará. The objective of the research was to evaluate the learning achieved by the cell organizers in the training offered by the program and it’s possible application in their study of cells. The concepts proposed by the brothers D. Johnson and R. Johnson (1999) establish the theoretical basis for the methodology of the cooperative learning adopted by the Program. The research was classified as a case study for it aims to understand the behavior of a group of subjects. It is applied and descriptive because it seeks to understand problems identified in social relations in the process of formation. Regarding the nature of the data, it is quantitative and qualitative as it evaluates values assigned to specific criteria of participation and involvement and the opinions recorded weekly by the facilitators. For the analysis, the concepts from L. Bardin (2009), R. Yin (2010), L. Depresbiteris (2009), A. Gil (2010) and R. Richardson (2007) were used as theorical framework. Three instruments were used to compose the review: 1) Personal and Academic data that provided the articulator’s profile; 2) Evaluation by the Facilitators to the weekly survey of the attendances of the articulators in training; 3) Cell Report with weekly information of the development of articulator’s cell. The three instruments come from the Program’s database. The results suggest that the involvement of the articulators in the workshops proposals and their applications in cells provide a significant learning experience as they learn to apply the proposed methodology in their cells. We can see a direct relationship between the presented results among their involvement in the workshops, their application in the cells and the displayed level of learning. / Este estudo trata do processo de aprendizagem dos articuladores do Programa de Aprendizagem Cooperativa em Células Estudantis – PACCE da Universidade Federal do Ceará. O Objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a aprendizagem de articuladores nas formações propostas pelo Programa e sua possível aplicação em suas células de estudo. Os conceitos propostos pelos irmãos D. Johnson e R. Johnson (1999) fundamentam a base teórica para a Metodologia da Aprendizagem Cooperativa adotada pelo Programa. A pesquisa foi classificada como estudo de caso por visar à compreensão do comportamento de um grupo de sujeitos. É aplicada e descritiva por buscar compreender problemas identificados nas relações sociais em um processo de formação. Sobre a natureza dos dados é quantitativa e qualitativa ao avaliar valores atribuídos a critérios específicos de participação e envolvimento e os pareceres registrados semanalmente pelos facilitadores. Adotou-se como referencial teórico para as análises os conceitos de L. Bardin (2009), R. Yin (2010), L. Depresbiteris (2009), A. Gil (2010) e R. Richardson (2007). Três instrumentos foram usados para compor a avaliação: 1) Dados Pessoais e Acadêmicos que proporcionaram o perfil do articulador; 2) Avaliação pelos Facilitadores com o acompanhamento semanal das participações dos articuladores nas formações; 3) Relatório de Células com informações semanais do desenvolvimento das células dos articuladores. Os três instrumentos são oriundos do banco de dados do Programa. Os resultados sugerem que o envolvimento dos articuladores nas oficinas propostas e suas aplicações nas células proporcionam um aprendizado significativo ao conseguirem aplicar a metodologia proposta em suas células. Percebe-se uma relação direta apresentada nos resultados entre envolvimento nas oficinas, sua aplicação nas células e o nível de aprendizado apresentado.

abstract: More Math Minutes is an action research study, set in a high school in the southwestern United States, designed to examine the effects of collaborative peer-group learning for low-performing Algebra I and low-performing Algebra II students. This study is grounded in Social Cognitive Theory and Constructivist Theory including Bandura’s self-efficacy theory and Vygotsky’s theory of proximal development. Participants are comprised of 20 low-performing Algebra I students as the peer-learners and 20 low-performing Algebra II students as the peer-teachers participating in a peer tutoring intervention. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected through pre- and post-self-efficacy questionnaires, pre- and post-mathematics knowledge assessments, semi-structured student interviews, photo-voice, and observations. A concurrent mixed methods design was used to analyze both types of data simultaneously. Results identified the experimental peer-teachers mathematical performance was impacted more than that of the peer-learners. Students were also more motivated to learn mathematics and to seek assistance from peers. The peer-teachers had a significant increase of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and acknowledged learning occurred for both the peer-teachers and the peer-learners as a result of the peer instruction intervention. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Leadership and Innovation 2018