<p>Litteraturstudiens syfte var att beskriva vilka copingresurser som individer med långvarig smärta använder sig av samt hur dessa resurser förbättrar eller försämrar individernas möjlighet att acceptera sin smärta. Designen för litteraturstudien var deskriptiv och studien baserades på 17 vetenskapliga artiklar med både kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats. Litteratursökningarna utfördes i databaserna Medline (via PubMed) samt CINAHL. Huvudresultatet visade att individer med långvarig smärta använde sig av inre copingresurser som fysiska och psykosociala copingresurser samt förmågor vid acceptans av långvarig smärta. Individer använde sig även av yttre copingresurser som socialt stöd och materiella copingresurser. Dessa copingresurser kunde förbättra eller försämra individers möjlighet att acceptera långvarig smärta. Litteraturstudiens slutsats belyste vikten av att sjuksköterskan har kunskap om att fysiska, psykiska, sociala och existentiella aspekter genererade smärtupplevelsen. Sjuksköterskan behövde även ha kännedom om copingresurser för att kunna uppmärksamma individens unika förutsättningar och behov. Detta gjorde det möjligt för sjuksköterskan att erbjuda professionellt stöd anpassat efter individens unika copingresurser och hjälpa denne att uppnå acceptans av långvarig smärta. </p> / <p>The aim of the literature rewiev was to describe which coping skills individuals with chronic pain use and how these skills improve or impair the individuals' ability to accept their pain. The design for the literature study was descriptive and the study was based on 17 scientific articles of both quantitative and qualitative approach. The literature searches were carried out in the databases Medline (via PubMed) and CINAHL. The main result showed that individuals with chronic pain use internal skills such as physical and psychosocial skills and abilities to accept chronic pain. Individuals also use external skills such as social support and material resources. These skills can improve or impair individuals' possibility to accept chronic pain. The conclusion highlighted that a nurse should have knowledge about that physical, psychological, social and existential aspects generated the pain experience. A nurse should also have knowledge about coping skills in order to pay attention to the individual's unique circumstances and needs. This enabled the nurse to offer professional support tailored to the individual's unique coping skills and help the individual to achieve acceptance of chronic pain.</p>

This paper presents the results of a study conducted at a domestic violence safehouse for an undergraduate Honors Thesis. Twenty-three children ages 4-16 from African American and immigrant communities were interviewed while residing at a safehouse for victims of domestic violence regarding their beliefs and attitudes about perceptions of self, conflict resolution skills, and feelings of anger and coping strategies. The study found a strong relation between length of stay & positive coping strategies. Age & gender were also related to conflict resolution skills. Qualitative data provided interesting & potentially important insights into children’s internal experiences of being witnesses of domestic violence. The study did not support past research in terms of child witnesses exhibiting low self-esteem, poor conflict strategies, and high rates of aggression. This study concludes that more research needs to be conducted on protective factors and resiliency to the effects of domestic violence to explain this study’s results.

Litteraturstudiens syfte var att beskriva vilka copingresurser som individer med långvarig smärta använder sig av samt hur dessa resurser förbättrar eller försämrar individernas möjlighet att acceptera sin smärta. Designen för litteraturstudien var deskriptiv och studien baserades på 17 vetenskapliga artiklar med både kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats. Litteratursökningarna utfördes i databaserna Medline (via PubMed) samt CINAHL. Huvudresultatet visade att individer med långvarig smärta använde sig av inre copingresurser som fysiska och psykosociala copingresurser samt förmågor vid acceptans av långvarig smärta. Individer använde sig även av yttre copingresurser som socialt stöd och materiella copingresurser. Dessa copingresurser kunde förbättra eller försämra individers möjlighet att acceptera långvarig smärta. Litteraturstudiens slutsats belyste vikten av att sjuksköterskan har kunskap om att fysiska, psykiska, sociala och existentiella aspekter genererade smärtupplevelsen. Sjuksköterskan behövde även ha kännedom om copingresurser för att kunna uppmärksamma individens unika förutsättningar och behov. Detta gjorde det möjligt för sjuksköterskan att erbjuda professionellt stöd anpassat efter individens unika copingresurser och hjälpa denne att uppnå acceptans av långvarig smärta. / The aim of the literature rewiev was to describe which coping skills individuals with chronic pain use and how these skills improve or impair the individuals' ability to accept their pain. The design for the literature study was descriptive and the study was based on 17 scientific articles of both quantitative and qualitative approach. The literature searches were carried out in the databases Medline (via PubMed) and CINAHL. The main result showed that individuals with chronic pain use internal skills such as physical and psychosocial skills and abilities to accept chronic pain. Individuals also use external skills such as social support and material resources. These skills can improve or impair individuals' possibility to accept chronic pain. The conclusion highlighted that a nurse should have knowledge about that physical, psychological, social and existential aspects generated the pain experience. A nurse should also have knowledge about coping skills in order to pay attention to the individual's unique circumstances and needs. This enabled the nurse to offer professional support tailored to the individual's unique coping skills and help the individual to achieve acceptance of chronic pain.

This paper presents the results of a study conducted at a domestic violence safehouse for an undergraduate Honors Thesis. Twenty-three children ages 4-16 from African American and immigrant communities were interviewed while residing at a safehouse for victims of domestic violence regarding their beliefs and attitudes about perceptions of self, conflict resolution skills, and feelings of anger and coping strategies. The study found a strong relation between length of stay & positive coping strategies. Age & gender were also related to conflict resolution skills. Qualitative data provided interesting & potentially important insights into children’s internal experiences of being witnesses of domestic violence. The study did not support past research in terms of child witnesses exhibiting low self-esteem, poor conflict strategies, and high rates of aggression. This study concludes that more research needs to be conducted on protective factors and resiliency to the effects of domestic violence to explain this study’s results.

This study aimed to understand how parents’ experience of titration contributes to the adaptive tasks and coping skills associated with their child’s Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnoses. The primary research question asks: How does participation in the stimulant titration and Shared Decision-Making (SDM) process help parents create adaptive tasks and coping skills? The participants included 4 parents who have undergone the titration and SDM process as a part of treatment that addresses their child’s ADHD diagnosis. Analysis was conducted via an adapted grounded theory approach and resulted in 11 themes related to the core emergent theme of titration. Themes that were representative of the titration experience were related to the participant’s source of stress, cognitive appraisal of the ADHD diagnosis, adaptive tasks, coping skills, outcomes, and suggested improvements. The results have important implications for improving the titration process. The results also emphasize how titration has promoted adaptive tasks and coping skills which assisted participants to feel more in control and create a new sense of normalcy regarding their child’s ADHD diagnosis.

The 2021 “Community Health Needs Assessment” of Hawkins County, Tennessee conducted by regional hospital system, Ballad Health, identified mental health and substance abuse among the top 3 health priorities for the county. With input from community stakeholders, 5 ETSU medical students organized a 3-part intervention targeting 6th grade students (n=43) testing the hypothesis that individuals with competent coping skills and mental health awareness are less likely to turn to substances to manage life stressors. Lesson plans were crafted using Kolb’s experiential learning model and pre/post surveys collected at each session assessing participant awareness, self-efficacy, perceived stress, and feedback. Results indicated statistically significant improvements in student awareness of positive and negative coping skills and self-efficacy, along with favorable responses from students regarding lesson style. Continuation of the study with longitudinal assessments is needed to prove the hypothesis and indicate effectiveness of the intervention as a tool for reducing substance use in the region.

Drawing upon psychological and sociological research, this project reviews the core elements and causes of clergy burnout and reflects theologically on the image of a life rooted within the healthy and thriving vine of Christ from John 15 as the ideal for clergy in ministry, framed within Luther’s theology of the Cross. It then models a year-long clergy small group experience for Evangelical Lutheran Church in America pastors in southern Minnesota, correlating the elements of burnout with the image of the vine through practices incorporating Mezirow, Dirkx, and Cranton’s adult transformative learning theory and Bloom’s model of pastoral identity formation.

The students at a rural middle school in South Central Appalachia are struggling with increased rates of depression and anxiety, toxic stress, and multiple ACEs with few resources to help. With the input of community stakeholders, four medical students from the ETSU Quillen College of Medicine organized and conducted a pre and post survey assessing sixth grade student’s (n=60) perceived stress, coping skills, and parental/guardian relationships before and after four classes focusing on mental health awareness, positive and negative coping skills, and resilience. Pre/post surveys used modified versions of the perceived stress scale, parent adolescent scale, and coping scale for children and youth. Statistically significant relationships were found between the different scales, showing: students who had better coping skills were more likely to perceive less stress in their lives; students who perceived more stress after learning positive coping skills reported using more positive coping skills; and on pre-survey, students who reported a better parent-adolescent relationship also reported using more positive coping skills. Students who reported a less healthy parent-adolescent relationship also reported having more stress in their lives. It was also identified that most students reported academics and grades as well as lack of friendships as their main stressors. Long-term interventions with more sessions are needed in the future to continue to help students in rural middle schools as well as further expand on lessons to better serve these children's needs.

Published Article / South Africa underwent political reform in 1994 from an apartheid government to a democratic state. Former white universities, known for their high standards and academic excellence, experienced an influx of black students who previously were excluded from these institutions. This article reports on a study which investigated the extent of learning barriers that previously disadvantaged black students at a renowned higher education institution experience, and endeavours to determine the learning support they need in order to succeed academically. A qualitative approach was followed and data were gathered by means of focus group interviews and participants' photo portfolios. The data were interpreted with reference to recent perceptions on adult learning, particularly in the African context. Implications for higher education in general are indicated.

The research on management strategies by the school principal for the managing of the female teacher with burnout, is divided into six phases. Firstly it is to determine what the nature of burnout in the female teacher is, what the causes of burnout in the female teacher is, what the causes of burnout are, which symptoms are detected by teachers suffering from burnout and what consequences the burnout in female teachers may have for the learners, colleagues, employer and for the female teacher concerned. In the second place it is shown what strategies can be applied for the managing of the female teacher suffering from burnout. A few recent models for managing burnout are explained and strategies aimed at intra- en interpersonal skills, factors related to the environment as well as group activities are discussed. In the third place it is empirically determined to what extent female teachers in d1e North West Province are suffering from burnout by means of standardised questionnaires for the measurement of burnout. Fourthly it is indicated how female teachers who differ with regard to home language, medium of instruction in their schools, years of experience and !he area where the school is situated, also differ with regard to the degree of burnout they experience. During the fifth phase of this study it is determined empirically, by means of questionnaires for principals, how principals are recently managing female teachers with burnout The first ten strategies, according to the order of preference by principals, are then discussed, Lastly directives are given. by means of a holistic management model aimed at the causes of burnout, which could be used by principals as managing strategies. These strategies deal with the professional development of the female teacher, acquirement of intra- en inter-personal skills as well as the management of demographic and environmental causes of burnout. / Thesis (PhD)--PU for CHE, 1998