Yeung Hoi Calvin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-53). / Abstracts in English and Chinese, appendix in Chinese.

Ces travaux de thèse s'inscrivent dans le cadre d'un transfert vers l’industrie d’une technologie de marquage à base de nanoparticules photoluminescentes, développée au sein de l’équipe Nanotech du LPCNO et destinée au domaine de l’anti-contrefaçon. Ces travaux ont porté sur la réalisation de marqueurs micrométriques constitués d’assemblées de nanocristaux de CdSe/CdS présentant une émission de photoluminescence dans le visible avec un rendement quantique élevé et stable. Ces nanocristaux sont déposés de façon dirigée sur des surfaces par nanoxérographie: cette technique consiste à injecter des charges électrostatiques dans un matériau électret afin de former des motifs micrométriques servant ensuite de pièges électrostatiques pour assembler, en surface de l’électret, des nano-objets chargés et/ou polarisables depuis leur suspension colloïdale. Afin de permettre une production à échelle industrielle, l’injection de charges est assurée par la technique de « microcontact printing électrique » permettant la réalisation d’un grand nombre de motifs chargés en parallèle, grâce à un timbre microstructuré et conducteur. Des études portant sur la fabrication de ces timbres et sur l’injection parallèle de charges par leur intermédiaire ont permis de fiabiliser le procédé en termes de répétabilité et d’homogénéité d’injection. Des assemblages denses et multicouches de nanocristaux ont été réalisés grâce à la mise en place d’une stratégie d’assemblage visant à favoriser et maximiser les forces diélectrophorétiques. La photoluminescence émise par ces assemblées de nanocristaux est ainsi suffisante pour être observée à l’œil ou par la caméra d’un smartphone lors d’une excitation de faible puissance à 450 nm. Un protocole de transfert des marqueurs depuis leur substrat de fabrication vers un substrat de destination a été développé permettant ensuite de valider une intégration non-destructive au sein de documents officiels. / This work is part of a transfer to industry of a tagging technology based on photoluminescent nanoparticles, developed within the Nanotech team of the LPCNO and intended for the field of anti-counterfeiting. This work was focused on the realization of micrometric tags made of assemblies of CdSe/CdS nanocrystals exhibiting an emission of photoluminescence in the visible range with a high and stable quantum yield. These nanocrystals are selectively deposited on surfaces by nanoxerography: this technique involves injecting electrostatic charges into an electret material to form micrometric patterns which then serve as electrostatic traps to assemble, on the surface of the electret, charged and/or polarizable nano-objects from their colloidal suspension. In order to scale-up the tag production on an industrial level, the charge injection step is ensured by the “electrical microcontact printing” technique, allowing to charge a large number of patterns in parallel, thanks to a microstructured and conductive patch. Studies on the manufacture of these stamps, and the injection of charges through them, have led to make the process more reliable in terms of repeatability and homogeneity of injection of charges. Dense and multilayer nanocrystal assemblies have been realized through the implementation of an assembly strategy aimed at promoting and maximizing the dielectrophoretic forces. The photoluminescence emitted by these assemblies of nanocrystals is thereby sufficient to be observed by the eye or the camera of a smartphone for a low-power optical excitation at 450 nm. A transfer protocol of the photoluminescent tags from their manufacturing substrate to a destination substrate has been developed which then allowed the validation of a non-destructive integration within official documents.

The purpose of this paper is to study what the press in Sweden wrote about counterfeiting from 1944 to 1950. By studying how the newspapers wrote about the crime of counterfeiting, the paper aims to give a glimpse of how counterfeiters worked and got their notes in circulation. The analysis is based on a theoretical perspective of a "we" and "they" in which Sweden is compared to the opposite abroad. The paper examines how the security of Swedish banknotes is discussed in Swedish news articles and how they describe counterfeiters and passers. The paper examines forty one newspaper clippings from the period 1944-1950 from twenty five different newspapers from different parts of the country. The study is implemented with previous research of media and counterfeiting. The paper describes nine individual cases of counterfeiting, as well as a longer sequence of events with a criminal gang that is behind the counterfeit notes, where several similar notes are spread in different cities in Sweden. The conclusion is that counterfeiting is a small problem in Sweden during this time and the notes that come out in circulation are relatively poor copies. But the counterfeit notes are not always directly detected and that makes them spread in the country. Counterfeit banknotes are most likely to be detected in public environments such as cafes, shops and bakeries. And also outdoor by different merchants, according to the view of the press. The notes are mostly put in circulation during the evening or night, or when it's rush hour. Swedish banknote quality and safety is often compared to other countries where a "we" and "they" are constructed in the media. The press gives a comprehensive picture of counterfeiters as criminals, mysterious cheaters, fraudsters, artists but also as a dissenting profession.

The production and distribution of counterfeit drugs is a critical health problem that plagues nations worldwide. The presence of counterfeit antimalarials has become especially worrying, as these drugs are most often needed by those living in nations whose resources to verify the medicine supply are lacking. Rapid analysis methods used for screening large quantities of poor quality antimalarials are critical in the battle to protect those in less developed regions of the world. Simple, cost effective analysis methods that can be used in the field must be developed so those whose governments cannot afford to maintain medicine regulatory agencies can still have faith in their medicinal supply. A very powerful screening method, Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) has been used to investigate thousands of poor quality medicines. This method, however, is known to fragment molecules more readily than commonly used, 'softer' ionization methods, such as electrospray ionization. Excess fragmentation in 'harder' ionization sources is due to deposition of additional internal energy to the ionized molecules. This internal energy deposition can be measured, so the analyst can be knowledgeable as to what to expect when examining unknowns using this recently developed ionization source. Quantitation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in pharmaceuticals is crucial to the determination of what class a poor quality medicine fits into. Because poor quality drugs can be of different types, it is important to accurately classify them, in hopes of improving the supply of medicines available to those in less developed regions of the world. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is most commonly used to quantify the active pharmaceutical ingredient in poor quality medicines, however, this method is time consuming, preventing its use in high throughput settings. During the course of my research, hundreds of poor quality pharmaceuticals were analyzed using DART-MS. The active pharmaceutical ingredient was detected during the rapid screening for many of these drugs, however, a more in depth analysis would often reveal less than the expected quantity of active ingredient. A rapid non-chromatographic quantitation method was developed using a mass spectrometer as the detector. This method allows for both quantitative and qualitative information regarding a specific sample to be obtained simultaneously, saving the analyst time and resources. Utilizing this non- chromatographic mass spectrometric method, degradation products have been identified, thus increasing our ability to classify drugs into their respective divisions.

Šiame darbe yra sprendžiama RFID žymų apsaugos nuo klastojimo problema, t.y. kaip neleisti žymų klastotojui išgauti originalios žymos ar visos RFID sistemos identifikacinius ir kitus svarbius duomenis, kurių atskleidimas leistų sukurti originalios RFID žymos klastotę. Darbo analizės dalyje yra plačiau apžvelgiama RFID žymų apsaugos nuo klastojimo problema, gilinamąsi į bendrus RFID technologijos veikimo principus ir RFID žymų kategorijas. Taip pat nustatinėjami galimi RFID žymų klastojimo būdai, jų išvengimo galimybės, apžvelgiami ir detalizuojami kitų autorių sukurti apsaugos metodai, pateikiamos rekomendacijos naujam RFID žymų apsaugos nuo klastojimo metodo sudarymui. Tolimesnėje darbo eigoje yra sudarytas naujas RFID žymų apsaugos nuo klastojimo metodas pagal analizės dalyje padarytas rekomendacijas ir suformuluotas išvadas. Pateikiama pradinė metodo saugumo analizė. Pagal sudaryto RFID žymų apsaugos nuo klastojimo metodo koncepciją ir detalų aprašą yra sukurtas programinis modelis, kuris imituoja metodo veikimą realioje aplinkoje. Naudojantis sukurtu programiniu modeliu ir jo generuojamais rezultatais, buvo atliekamas metodo atsparumo klastojimui įvertinimas. Darbo rezultatų dalyje yra analizuojami RFID žymų apsaugos nuo klastojimo metodo sudarymo metu gauti rezultatai, pateikiamos viso darbo išvados, įvertinamas darbo įvade iškeltų tikslų ir užduočių išpildymas. / This paper is addressed to RFID tags anti-counterfeiting problem: how to prevent significant counterfeiters get all important information from orginal tags or all RFID system. The disclosure of that information would provide a chance to create a genuine RFID tag means. A work analysis is a part of a wider survey of RFID tags against counterfeiting problem, explores the general principles of operation of RFID technology and RFID tag categories. It is also explores possible RFID tags manipulation techniques, the avoidance opportunities, an overview and details of other authors to create protection methods and recommendations for a new RFID tags anti-counterfeiting method. The next workflow is composed of new RFID tags anti-counterfeiting method according to the analysis of the recommendations made and the conclusions drawn, provide an initial approach to security analysis. The software model is created by concluded RFID tag anti-counterfeiting method and a detailed description of the concept. The model simulates the performance of the method in a real environment. The ratings of resistance to RFID tags counterfeiting were set using this software model and its generated results. The final part is dedicated to method‘s performance analysis, obtained results and conclusions. It also has objectives and tasks seen in the introduction to the work evaluation.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Also available in print.

Thesis (LL. M.)--University of Toronto, 2005. / Cover title. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 12, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

-The thesis was focused on the analysis of damage and wear of coins and banknotes. And then there was analyzed the counterfeiting of the Czech banknotes and coins. All analyzed date were summarized in the tables and in the graphs. This analysis of the Czech crowns was compared with the same analysis of the euro bankonetes. The counterfeiting of money is not the only crime in the banking. The next possibility of the crime in the banking is the skimming of ATM (automatic teller machine). The one of parts of thesis was focused on it. There was performed the analysis of the number of cases of skimming in Czech Republic. This was compared with the analysis of the number of cases of skimming in European Union too.

This research aims to investigate the effect of word-of-mouth (WOM) on the purchase of genuine and counterfeit luxury brands with a focus on the roles of attitude functions, product type, valence of WOM, and brand popularity. It consists of two experimental studies. Study 1 examines the effect of WOM on the purchase of luxury brands and attempts to investigate the mediating role of attitude functions in the relationship between WOM and purchase intentions for luxury brands, with regard to different product types and valence of WOM. Study 2 compares the effects of WOM communications with traditional advertising on the purchase of counterfeit and genuine luxury brands. It also examines the differences between popular and non-popular luxury brands. Results reveal that social-adjustive and value-expressive functions fully mediate the effect of WOM on luxury brand evaluation while partially mediate the effect of product type on luxury brand evaluation. The effect of WOM on attitude functions is more pronounced for high (vs. low) susceptibility to interpersonal influence consumers. Findings of Study 2 support the moderating role of subjective norm in the self-monitoring and counterfeit luxury brand evaluation relationship, indicating that compared to advertising, WOM is a more effective way to decrease counterfeit luxury brand consumption. Managerial implications for strategic brand management and directions for future research are discussed.