This paper comparatively compares compliance to the rulings of the United States Supreme Court and the ECJ by the state/member state courts. Besides comparing the compliance to the two courts judgements, the paper also tries to establish how to increase compliance with these rulings in the future. This is done because compliance is an important aspect of a functioning judicial system, and a comparison might reveal solutions from one side that could be utilized on the other. The main resources used in this book are: articles, books, webpages and statistics on the subject. The main focus lies on the legal approach, but as a comparative study, elements of political science have been used as well. The results of the comparison show that although statistical compliance is quite high, the actual compliance might be lower due to lack of knowledge or political divisions. Increasing the actual compliance is then a good strategy to be sure that lower courts follow the rulings correctly. The conclusion of this paper is that political and policy divisions in a country, or between an organization and its members results in non- compliance. Reducing this kind of friction will help increase compliance to decisions, not only statistically but also in practice, as the lower courts will feel more comfortable with the rulings. An increase of knowledge of the subject, and the development of efficient judicial mechanisms in a state will also help assure correct interpretation of the rulings.

Early in 2001 the federal government launched the First Nations Governance Initiative (FNGI), the centre piece of which was a bill to amend the Indian Act. This thesis utilizes the events and discussions that surrounded the preparation of the bill as a case study of contemporary Canadian Aboriginal politics and international debates on Indigenous rights. The approach taken is inspired by postcolonial studies and discourse analysis. The goal is to explain the current "dialogue of the deaf" between the federal government and First Nations leadership in terms of "discursive" divergences. The debates around the FNGI can be classified into two conflicting discourses. The first advanced by the Department of Indian Affairs, with a neo-liberal type of discourse, the discourse of good governance which emphasizes bureaucratic values of efficiency, transparency, and accountability. The second, advanced by a group of Aboriginal leaders and activists, is a discourse of self-determination, centred around inherent rights and the unconditional affirmation of Aboriginal sovereignty. The thesis provides an analysis that contributes to the understanding of current blockages in governance and policy reforms involving the federal and the Aboriginal governments.

Les systèmes de conversion de l'énergie électrique sont présents dans beaucoup de domaines de la vie quotidienne. On peut citer le secteur du transport, l'électronique grand public, la médecine, et la distribution de l'énergie. Une défaillance dans une application est le plus souvent ressentie comme étant liée à l'électronique. Adjoignons à cela des besoins en énergie grandissants et une évolution vers une plus grande mobilité, il devient aisé de déduire que les systèmes de conversion de l'énergie modernes doivent êtres plus compacts, plus fiables et plus performants. L'intégration en électronique de puissance est une réponse adéquate à ces problématiques tant elle vise à fiabiliser, à miniaturiser et à améliorer les performances des fonctions de conversion de l'énergie. Les travaux de recherche présentés dans cette thèse traitent de ma contribution à l'amélioration de la fiabilité et des performances d'un composant de puissance largement usité : l'Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor. Pour cela l'association de deux IGBT aux caractéristiques différentes pour réaliser une architecture dite " faibles pertes " est présentée. Son concept est explicité, son intérêt exposé et son intégration monolithique détaillée. Dans un deuxième temps, une structure de protection monolithiquement intégrable contre les courts-circuits est dévoilée. Son fonctionnement et sa conception en vue de son intégration monolithique sont exposés.

Thesis (M.A.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2008. / Directed by Saundra Westervelt; submitted to the Dept. of Sociology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 28, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-71).

Thesis (M.S.W.)--York University, 1997. Graduate Programme in Soical Work. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-129). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?MQ22862.

Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003. / Thesis advisor(s): Daniel Moran, David S. Yost. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-102). Also available online.

Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003. / Thesis advisor(s): Daniel Moran, James Armstead. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-62). Also available online.

Mental health courts have recently emerged with goals to reduce recidivism and improve clinical outcomes for people with serious mental illness in the criminal justice system. The present study is a review of mental health court literature assessing their effectiveness in reducing recidivism and improving clinical outcomes for participants using meta-analytic techniques. A total of 20 studies that included sufficient information to compute the standardized mean difference effect size, focused on adult populations, and were within the United States were included in the analysis. Only experimental and quasi-experimental research designs were obtained. Using Cohen's d (1988) guidelines, mental health courts were found to have a small effect on reducing recidivism (0.32, p<.05) and a nonsignificant effect for improving clinical outcomes for participants. Several moderator analyses were conducted and indicated that the nature of the control group (whether they were a treatment as usual or participants who "opted-out") was found to be significant between groups (Q=22.33, p<.001) as a possible moderating effect.

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Marriage is a subject of great interest to the social historian. However, the marriage of the average medieval English villager is very poorly documented, as it bears little obvious relationship to the great affairs of state. Searching for information on such difficult subjects, many social historians have recently turned to legal records, learning to sift them for the intimate details of daily life. The Register of John Chandler, Dean of Salisbury 1404-17 preserves a rich variety of cases presented to the church courts of early fifteenth-century Salisbury. The questmen, selected from the most respectable men of each village, presented to the court stubborn sinners who had proved incorrigible by the methods of discipline available at lower levels. Most of these cases involved sexual irregularity of some sort, and most of these concerned marriage. This essay is divided into three parts. The historiography examines the work of ecclesiastical, legal and social historians over the last century, especially where the three merge, as when scholars use the records of church courts to write social history. The next two chapters discuss adultery and fornication in Chandler's register. Because of the large number of these cases, it was impractical to address each of them in detail. Thus these chapters rely on statistical analysis and use specific cases as illustrations. The following three chapters address disputed marriages, abandonment and "self-divorce", and marital abuse. Each of these subjects requires a discussion of background and definition of terms, therefore these chapters have longer introductory sections. However, there are few enough examples of these in the register that each can be discussed individually. The Register of John Chandler shows the Church struggling to control the institution of marriage as well as the spiritual lives of the villagers of Salisbury. To the extent that it succeed, it did so because it provided necessary order to the people of Salisbury and because they received it willingly. The average person obeyed the Church and its laws, more or less, but the Church was often unable to enforce its will on the powerful or the stubborn.