This thesis conducted a secondary quantitative analysis to test predictors of punitive attitudes about the best overall and youth crime reduction methods in Saskatchewan, and to examine an integrated perspective developed from Bourdieu’s concept of habitus. My research questions were twofold: 1) What are the valid predictors of punitive attitudes toward overall and youth crime respectively? 2) Is there a difference in punitive attitudes between overall crime and youth crime? For my research methodology, I relied on a secondary quantitative analysis of data from Taking the Pulse of Saskatchewan 2012, a survey conducted by the Social Sciences Research Laboratories (SSRL) of the University of Saskatchewan. The data used in this thesis was taken from Section (F), Crime and Public Safety in Saskatchewan, and Section (H), demographics. I examined three types of predictors: demographics, fear of crime, and perception of crime trends. The demographic variables were gender, age, education, marital status, race, and total annual household income. The relationship between these predictors and the public’s punitive attitudes were first examined with a bivariate analysis. Then logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of a selected predictor of punitive attitudes when other predictors were controlled. This thesis reported three major findings. First, the mutual predictors of punitive attitudes towards overall and youth crime are age, education, marital status, and perceived crime trends, while gender is significant only for overall crime, and race is significant only for youth crime when other variables are controlled. Secondly, with regard to the magnitude of influence, the variables perceived crime trends and education are the strongest predictors among all the predictors considered in this study, but any single predictor only has small impact on punitive attitudes. Finally, respondents are generally less punitive towards youth crime than overall crime. This thesis revealed that an integrated Bourdieuian perspective used in this study helped link the predictors in a more explanatory manner, and contributed to a more critical and contextual understanding of punitive attitudes. The empirical results reported in this thesis produced knowledge about punitive attitudes in Saskatchewan, and contributed to the literature on predictors of such attitudes.

This research investigates the role of policy on crime reduction by establishing whether it is inhibiting or enabling e-governance. e-Governance is necessary to automate access by the Department of South African Police Services (SAPS) to information held by the Department of Home Affairs (DoHA). Automated Access to information is needed by SAPS to enhance the identification of perpetrators as a strategy for crime reduction. The study explored this process through a qualitative data collection and analysis methodology that utilized a case study of both departments to understand their policy practices with regards to access by SAPS, to information held by DoHA. The findings revealed that even though the departments are mostly in compliance with access to information policy, this does not enable SAPS to effectively address crime reduction. It was further revealed that the egovernance policy has not been regularly evaluated and adapted to the current identification needs of other departments and has therefore resulted in egovernance not being implemented to enable automated access by SAPS to information held by DoHA. Access to information and e-governance policies should be modified and adapted to identify emergency departments to take the urgency of their identification requests into account while the perceived benefits of e-governance being developed at DoHA should also be viewed in terms of the benefits to the rest of the departments taking into account their urgency levels.

No description available.

In this study, I analyze the responses of police officers to questions regarding their involvement in the use of Community-Oriented Policing strategies. When the officer encounters a drug offender they must decide how to deal with the situation. There are a variety of trained responses and policies available. The data is grouped into nine variables; time in law enforcement, time in department, perceived support, perceived barriers, COP strategy, COP action, prevention, help, and citation. The data is then analyzed using structural equation modeling.

No description available.

No description available.

Submitted by Filipe Ortiz Falsete (filipefalsete@gmail.com) on 2014-01-13T02:16:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O IMPACTO DO PROGRAMA DE ELETRIFICAÇÃO NO BRASIL NA REDUÇÃO DE HOMICÍDIOS.docx: 2012954 bytes, checksum: b7c5190cae29830f6bcbfd5f41762c4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão (vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2014-01-13T12:27:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 O IMPACTO DO PROGRAMA DE ELETRIFICAÇÃO NO BRASIL NA REDUÇÃO DE HOMICÍDIOS.docx: 2012954 bytes, checksum: b7c5190cae29830f6bcbfd5f41762c4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-01-13T13:05:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 O IMPACTO DO PROGRAMA DE ELETRIFICAÇÃO NO BRASIL NA REDUÇÃO DE HOMICÍDIOS.docx: 2012954 bytes, checksum: b7c5190cae29830f6bcbfd5f41762c4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-18 / This paper analyzes benefits acquired by a higher level of electricity access, evaluating if the natural experiment “Luz Para Todos”, a Brazilian social program may effect crime reduction. Among the many befits provided by electrification, it is noticed a improvement in health, income and information access. Criminality is one of the most concerning issues in Brazilian politics, in spite of much effort to lower criminal rates they are still high. Homicide rates, analyzed variable in this study, is comparable to countries in civil war, situating in approximately 27 murders per a 100,000 inhabitants in this decade. Considering the importance of this subject, aiming to increase society well-being, searching for efficient alternatives in which significant results can be achieved at lower costs is essential. Thus, central idea consists in the fact of widening electricity energy access may give an additional option to policy makers seeking for crime reduction and this policy is able to be included in already formulated ones. Using panel models with fixed effects and later a more adequate methodology of instrumental variable, results achieved demonstrates that an increase in electricity energy access to households in one city, affects a significant reduction in crime rates for North and Northeast Brazilian regions the poorest and most affected by the program. In detailed analysis, dividing crimes by place of death register, it was noticed a reduction in public street crimes, indicating a benefit caused for public lighting as a preventive factor working as a crime combative effect. / Este trabalho analisa os benefícios que podem ser obtidos por meio de um maior acesso à rede elétrica e avalia através do programa 'Luz Para Todos' se entre uma das vantagens pode ser verificada uma redução na atividade criminosa. Entre os benefícios já verificados pelo aumento na eletrificação estão: a melhora na saúde, na renda e no acesso à informação. Quanto à criminalidade, trata-se de um dos temas que mais preocupa os brasileiros e, embora exista esforço para reduzi-la, seus índices continuam altos. A taxa de homicídios, variável a ser analisada neste estudo, se assemelha a países em guerra civil, situando-se ao longo desta década no patamar de aproximadamente 27 homicídios por cem mil habitantes. Dada a importância do tema, buscar alternativas eficientes com efeitos significativos e custos menores em tecnologias de combate ao crime é fundamental, tendo em vista o aumento do bem-estar da sociedade. Assim, a ideia central consiste em que a ampliação do acesso à energia elétrica pode fornecer uma ferramenta adicional aos formuladores de política para redução na criminalidade e pode ser vinculada a outras ferramentas já existentes de combate ao crime. Por meio de regressões em painel com efeitos fixos e pela metodologia mais adequada de variáveis instrumentais com efeitos fixos, um resultado encontrado é que o aumento no acesso à energia elétrica nos domicílios de um município gera uma redução significativa na taxa de homicídio das regiões Norte e Nordeste, as mais carentes do país que também são as mais propensas a possuírem municípios elegíveis ao programa. Também em análise mais detalhada em que foram seccionados os crimes por local de registro da morte, é verificada uma redução naqueles registrados em vias públicas, indicando que a iluminação pública pode ser um fator preventivo no combate ao crime. Por meio de regressões em painel com efeitos fixos e pela metodologia mais adequada de variáveis instrumentais com efeitos fixos, um resultado encontrado é que o aumento no acesso à energia elétrica nos domicílios de um município gera uma redução significativa na taxa de homicídio das regiões Norte e Nordeste, as mais carentes do país que também são as mais propensas a possuírem municípios elegíveis ao programa. Também em análise mais detalhada em que foram seccionados os crimes por local de registro da morte, é verificada uma redução naqueles registrados em vias públicas, indicando que a iluminação pública pode ser um fator preventivo no combate ao crime.

Summary in English and Afrikaans / Crime is unwanted in any society because it brings about fear, anger and hatred. As people living in a world of constant change, we tend to strive for innovation which this research endeavours. The South African Police Service (SAPS) and all relevant role-players become partners in the fight against not only crime, but also community problems that threaten the well-being of inhabitants. Local Government is attempting to develop communities in municipal areas and SAPS primary function is to reduce crime. If crime is one of the main obstacles in improving the quality of life, then surely government authorities must take responsibility for local safety, and who better than these two key organisations taking the lead. This study investigates the roles of SAPS and Local Government in crime prevention in the Cape Winelands District Municipality; also whether their co-operation brings about fruitful results and what interventions are actively in place. It further explores whether their integrated approach has an impact on the safety and security of local communities. Lastly, it determines whether their collaboration is effective or not; and what additional improvements can be implemented, seeking new insights for future reference. Three hundred (300) questionnaires were distributed to senior management members of the SAPS and Local Government, as well as other relative stakeholders who contribute to increasing safety. Crime reduction influences all spheres of society, for example our economy, businesses, tourism etc. Reducing crime and building safer communities must be a priority for all South Africans. To achieve this, crime prevention programmes should be initiated at community level, since crime prevention involves responding to a few priority problems, using multi-agency approaches. Government legislation and policies urge both organisations to take the lead in implementing crime prevention projects which this study discovered. This analysis is not to re-invent the wheel but to find effective ways in strengthening partnership which leads to new knowledge in the field of crime prevention at local level. One of the basic needs of any community is the need for safety and security and this study aims to assist and contribute to increase safety using an integrated approach. / Enige samelewing het „n afkeur aan misdaad omdat dit angs, haat en negatiewe emosies aanwakker. Omdat die mensdom gedurig verandering in die gesig staar, poog hierdie navorsing om nuwe idees. Die Suid Afrikaanse Polisie Diens (SAPD) en ander rolspelers is vennote in die bekamping van misdaad, asook probleme wat die welstand van elke gemeenskap bedreig. Plaaslike owerhede beywer hulle om gemeenskappe te vestig terwyl misdaadbekamping die SAPD se primêre doel is. Hierdie studie ondersoek die rolle van die SAPD en plaaslike owerhede in die bekamping van misdaad binne die grense van die Wynland Distrikte Munisipailteit. Ook ondersoek hierdie studie of daar vrugbare uitslae en aktiewe maatreëls in plek is om misdaad hok te slaan. Verder ondersoek die studie of gesamentlike aksies enige impak op die gemeenskap se veiligheid en sekuriteit het. Ten laaste bepaal hierdie studie of die samewerking vrugte afwerp of nie; en watter nuwe metodes aangewend kan word ter verbetering in die lig van toekomstige vraagstukke rondom misdaad. Tydens hierdie studie is 300 vraelyste versprei onder senior lede van die SAPD en plaaslike regering sowel as ander gemeenskap rolspelers. Misdaadbekamping speel „n belangrike rol in enige gemeenskap aangesien dit „n impak het op die ekonomie, handel, toerisme, ens. Dus is die verlaging van die misdaad syfer en die bou van veilige gemeenskappe elke Suid-Afrikaner se plig. Om hierdie doel te bereik, verg samemerking tussen elke vennoot, aangesien misdaadbekamping elke persoon, organisasie en regerings department se prioriteit behoort te wees. Wetgewing moedig alle rolspelers aan en in hierdie geval, SAPD en plaaslike owerhede, om die voortou te neem tydens die implementering van projekte ter bekamping van misdaad. Hierdie studie se mikpunt is om effektiewe maniere te vind om die vennootskap in misdaadbekamping op plaaslike vlak te versterk. Die uiteindelike doel is om „n positiewe bydrae te maak in die basiese behoeftes van elke gemeenskap; om veiligheid en sekuriteit deur „n standpunt van vennootskap te ondersoek en te implementeer; en sodoende „n omgee kultuur in dié Distrik te verseker. / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

Summary in English and Afrikaans / Crime is unwanted in any society because it brings about fear, anger and hatred. As people living in a world of constant change, we tend to strive for innovation which this research endeavours. The South African Police Service (SAPS) and all relevant role-players become partners in the fight against not only crime, but also community problems that threaten the well-being of inhabitants. Local Government is attempting to develop communities in municipal areas and SAPS primary function is to reduce crime. If crime is one of the main obstacles in improving the quality of life, then surely government authorities must take responsibility for local safety, and who better than these two key organisations taking the lead. This study investigates the roles of SAPS and Local Government in crime prevention in the Cape Winelands District Municipality; also whether their co-operation brings about fruitful results and what interventions are actively in place. It further explores whether their integrated approach has an impact on the safety and security of local communities. Lastly, it determines whether their collaboration is effective or not; and what additional improvements can be implemented, seeking new insights for future reference. Three hundred (300) questionnaires were distributed to senior management members of the SAPS and Local Government, as well as other relative stakeholders who contribute to increasing safety. Crime reduction influences all spheres of society, for example our economy, businesses, tourism etc. Reducing crime and building safer communities must be a priority for all South Africans. To achieve this, crime prevention programmes should be initiated at community level, since crime prevention involves responding to a few priority problems, using multi-agency approaches. Government legislation and policies urge both organisations to take the lead in implementing crime prevention projects which this study discovered. This analysis is not to re-invent the wheel but to find effective ways in strengthening partnership which leads to new knowledge in the field of crime prevention at local level. One of the basic needs of any community is the need for safety and security and this study aims to assist and contribute to increase safety using an integrated approach. / Enige samelewing het „n afkeur aan misdaad omdat dit angs, haat en negatiewe emosies aanwakker. Omdat die mensdom gedurig verandering in die gesig staar, poog hierdie navorsing om nuwe idees. Die Suid Afrikaanse Polisie Diens (SAPD) en ander rolspelers is vennote in die bekamping van misdaad, asook probleme wat die welstand van elke gemeenskap bedreig. Plaaslike owerhede beywer hulle om gemeenskappe te vestig terwyl misdaadbekamping die SAPD se primêre doel is. Hierdie studie ondersoek die rolle van die SAPD en plaaslike owerhede in die bekamping van misdaad binne die grense van die Wynland Distrikte Munisipailteit. Ook ondersoek hierdie studie of daar vrugbare uitslae en aktiewe maatreëls in plek is om misdaad hok te slaan. Verder ondersoek die studie of gesamentlike aksies enige impak op die gemeenskap se veiligheid en sekuriteit het. Ten laaste bepaal hierdie studie of die samewerking vrugte afwerp of nie; en watter nuwe metodes aangewend kan word ter verbetering in die lig van toekomstige vraagstukke rondom misdaad. Tydens hierdie studie is 300 vraelyste versprei onder senior lede van die SAPD en plaaslike regering sowel as ander gemeenskap rolspelers. Misdaadbekamping speel „n belangrike rol in enige gemeenskap aangesien dit „n impak het op die ekonomie, handel, toerisme, ens. Dus is die verlaging van die misdaad syfer en die bou van veilige gemeenskappe elke Suid-Afrikaner se plig. Om hierdie doel te bereik, verg samemerking tussen elke vennoot, aangesien misdaadbekamping elke persoon, organisasie en regerings department se prioriteit behoort te wees. Wetgewing moedig alle rolspelers aan en in hierdie geval, SAPD en plaaslike owerhede, om die voortou te neem tydens die implementering van projekte ter bekamping van misdaad. Hierdie studie se mikpunt is om effektiewe maniere te vind om die vennootskap in misdaadbekamping op plaaslike vlak te versterk. Die uiteindelike doel is om „n positiewe bydrae te maak in die basiese behoeftes van elke gemeenskap; om veiligheid en sekuriteit deur „n standpunt van vennootskap te ondersoek en te implementeer; en sodoende „n omgee kultuur in dié Distrik te verseker. / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)