This exploratory research is the first one among occupational information seeking behavior studies that focuses on information seeking behaviors of the crime scene investigators. The data used in this dissertation were gathered via a self-administrated survey instrument from 29 cities in Turkey. Findings obtained from the data analyses show that there is a strongly positive relationship between the experience of the crime scene investigators and the use of personal knowledge and experience as a primary information source (experience is operationalized with age, service years in policing, and service years in crime scene investigation units). The findings also suggest that increasing of the level of education is negatively related to relying on immediate colleagues as an information source among the crime scene investigators. These findings are consistent with related literature and theory. The data analysis shows that crime scene investigators work in cities with higher population rates have more complaint scores than those who work in cities with lower population rates across Turkey. The findings from the data analysis may suggest valuable implications to defeat the barriers between crime scene investigators and information sources. The researcher drew a proposed theoretical framework of an information behavior concept in the context of crime scene investigation that may help those who are interested in the phenomenon and its applications to other contexts.

The causes of errors in the angle of impact calculation were investigated including the surface type, falling velocity and the method used to fit an ellipse to a bloodstain. As had been cited previously the angle of impact was generally underestimated, especially at acute angles and the reason for this was determined to be due to an overestimation of the length of a bloodstain. The surface type was found to significantly affect the accuracy of an angle of impact calculation and as the falling velocity increased, the angle of impact calculation became more accurate. High-speed photography was used to further investigate the formation of bloodstains on surfaces. It was found that the formation of the bloodstain varied depending on the surface type and the angle of the surface. Bloodstain pattern analysis involves the application of scientific techniques to reconstruct events that resulted in a bloodstain pattern. The position of the blood source in three-dimensional space is a fundamental element of this application. Currently little is known about the methods used by bloodstain pattern analysts to select bloodstains when determining the region of origin. Fourteen analysts worldwide were surveyed in order to ascertain this information. It was found that the methods used were variable and were often not based on scientific research. Research was therefore undertaken into bloodstain selection and in particular, which bloodstains should be selected for a region of origin analysis. As a result of these experiments, two sets of selection criteria were established, one for use when the region of origin is being calculated manually and one for when directional analysis is being used.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal. / Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal / Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse ou ce mémoire a été dépouillée, le cas échéant, de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse ou du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The causes of errors in the angle of impact calculation were investigated including the surface type, falling velocity and the method used to fit an ellipse to a bloodstain. As had been cited previously the angle of impact was generally underestimated, especially at acute angles and the reason for this was determined to be due to an overestimation of the length of a bloodstain. The surface type was found to significantly affect the accuracy of an angle of impact calculation and as the falling velocity increased, the angle of impact calculation became more accurate. High-speed photography was used to further investigate the formation of bloodstains on surfaces. It was found that the formation of the bloodstain varied depending on the surface type and the angle of the surface. Bloodstain pattern analysis involves the application of scientific techniques to reconstruct events that resulted in a bloodstain pattern. The position of the blood source in three-dimensional space is a fundamental element of this application. Currently little is known about the methods used by bloodstain pattern analysts to select bloodstains when determining the region of origin. Fourteen analysts worldwide were surveyed in order to ascertain this information. It was found that the methods used were variable and were often not based on scientific research. Research was therefore undertaken into bloodstain selection and in particular, which bloodstains should be selected for a region of origin analysis. As a result of these experiments, two sets of selection criteria were established, one for use when the region of origin is being calculated manually and one for when directional analysis is being used.

Forensic science television shows, especially CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, have been said to influence the public’s perception of how forensic science is used and create interest in studying forensic science and pursuing jobs in the field. This study investigates this claim through a variety of methods. First, definitions of the CSI effect are discussed, including how it was first used and mentioned in the media. Second, survey data from students in a forensic anthropology course regarding interest in forensic science media and educational and career choices are analyzed. Third, the number and debut dates of forensic science non-fiction books, novels, non-fiction television shows, and television dramas are investigated. Finally, a content analysis of the television show Bones is undertaken in order to understand how the forensic anthropology presented in this show differs from the actual practice of forensic anthropology. Results of this study indicate that, overall, students who wanted to pursue forensic science careers and graduate study did not watch more forensic science television shows and read more forensic science novels than those who did not want to pursue forensic science careers and graduate study. Also, based on the decreased interest in a number of forensic careers, it appears that respondents may have started the course with false perceptions regarding the actual job descriptions of these careers. Regarding the number and debut dates of forensic science media, this study found that the majority of non-fiction forensic anthropology books, non-fiction television shows, television dramas debuted after CSI appeared, corroborating the claim that CSI led to an increase in interest in forensic iii anthropology. In addition, this study found that while much of Bones is fictionalized for entertainment purposes, many of the techniques and analyses presented on the show have a peripheral basis in scientific methods.

La fan fiction est un" phénomène qui se caractérise par la rédaction de récits reprenant l'univers et les personnages d'un auteur et ou créateur. Dans cette étude, nous analyserons les différents types de transgressions que les auteurs de fan fictions peuvent effectuer sur une oeuvre originale. Pour ce faire, nous allons nous pencher sur les fan fictions de trois séries télévisées contemporaines appartenant au genre policier: Due South, CSI et Law and Order. En étudiant les oeuvres apocryphes de ces séries, nous pourrons ' montrer les différentes techniques utilisées par les auteurs de récits faniques pour s'approprier et remodeler un texte d'origine.

Os criminosos seriais que atuam no cometimento do crime de furto possuem modos de operação (Modus operandi) distintos e, que podem ser identificados através da análise dos exames periciais utilizando-se redes neurais. No sistema proposto, identificado um determinado modo de operação, um analista forense utilizando as informações adicionais coletadas e as hipóteses geradas pelos peritos de campo tem a competência de definir conjuntos de ações periciais complementares, que serão adicionados aos registros do modo identificado. Durante um novo exame pericial, em tempo real, a sub-rotina auxiliar analisa os blocos de dados enviados pelos peritos criminais de campo e, em caso de similaridade com um modo de operação anteriormente identificado, envia a eles um conjunto de ações complementares que, a critério do responsável em campo, pode ou não ser usado para alterar o procedimento de campo escolhido. Neste trabalho definimos Neurônios Espelho como sendo a associação das redes neurais para a identificação de padrões com a planilha de trabalho, utilizada pelo analista forense para a definição de ações complementares, com a sub-rotina auxiliar que verifica os blocos de informação recebidos e, que pode identificar partes de um modo de operação, remetendo para os peritos de campo um conjunto de ações complementares. Esta definição deve-se a descoberta pela neurobiologia de um tipo especifico de neurônio que tem a capacidade de disparar ao receber um input sensorial ativando uma área de memória que, em consequência, pode ativar outras áreas de memória ou enviar um comando motor. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos os programas de rede neural utilizados para a identificação dos modos de operação parcial e o final, além, das planilhas de trabalho para a elaboração das ações complementares e a sub-rotina auxiliar para identificação em tempo real dos modos de operação parciais. O treinamento da rede foi efetuado com 98 ocorrências e na verificação de validade foram utilizados 10 ocorrências. / The serial criminals who operate in the commission of the crime of theft have different modes of operation (modus operandi) and which may be identified through the analysis of forensic examinations using neural networks. In the proposed system, identified a particular mode of operation, a forensic analyst using the information collected and the hypotheses generated by field experts have the competence to define sets of complementary expert shares, which will be added to the records so identified. During a new forensic examination, in real time, the auxiliary subroutine examines data blocks sent by forensic experts in the field and, in the case of similarity to previously identified a mode of operation, sends them a complementary set of actions that the discretion of the responsible in the field, or can not be used to change the procedure chosen field. In this paper we define Mirror Neurons as the association of neural networks to identify patterns with the worksheet, used by forensic analyst for the definition of complementary actions, with the auxiliary subroutine that checks the blocks of information received and that can identify parts of a mode of operation, referring to field experts a set of complementary actions. This definition should be discovered by the neurobiology of a specific type of neuron that has the ability to shoot while receiving a sensory \"input\" activating an area of memory that, in consequence, can activate other areas of memory or send a motor command. This work programs of neural network used for identifying the modes of operation and the final part were developed, in addition, the worksheets for the elaboration of complementary actions and the auxiliary subroutine for real-time identification of the modes of partial operation. Network training was performed with 98 occurrences and validity check 10 events were used.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:18:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Pimenta Cama.pdf: 1094285 bytes, checksum: feaea7b876b6d9926947835492557d27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-23 / The current research intends to reflect in a critical manner about the ways of representation of criminality on audiovisual media, especially on television. The target of this analysis is to point out media processes that highlight and exemplify the way crime is turned into a spectacle, reconfiguring narrative formats of police drama and news currently active. When it comes down to representing images of violence and criminality, the audiovisual media culture has been showing two main slopes: the news that incorporates construction elements typical of soup operas, and the fictional program that intends realism, showing the routine of police in action in big urban areas. Under the eye of speculation promoted by news media, two cases will be analyzed, which took place in 2008: the case of Isabella Nardoni and the young girl Eloá Pimentel, exhaustingly reproduced and detailed on the internet. In the thin line of the crime-spectacle in the universe of fiction, we ll analyze the narrative of TV series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, highlighting the episodes "Grave Danger" and "Monster in a box". From the methodic point of view, the research bases itself on the audiovisual analysis provided for television and in its versions for Internet and DVD, willing to investigate the connection between the subject in question and the visible object, interpreting the spectator as a morbid voyeur. From the theoretical point of view, the research lays on "real shock" concept by Beatriz Jaguaribe, on the hypothesis of intimacy spectacle by Paula Sibilia, presented on O Show do Eu: a intimidade como espetáculo", and on the "A Sociedade do Espetáculo" by Guy Debord. The arguments concerning the News are anchored by work of Eugênio Bucci and Maria Rita Kehl, "Videologias". The reflexion regarding the spectator with violent images is based on the work by Susan Sontag, "Diante da dor dos outros", and on the works of Arlindo Machado, "A Televisão levada a Sério" and "O Sujeito na Tela". In the end, it is concluded that the persistent shocking images that infest the many diverse ways of informational communication operate through contagious systems, which lead to dramatization elements of the journalism of the real for the fictional and spectacle of crime for the News universe, on television and internet / A presente pesquisa pretende refletir de forma crítica sobre os modos de representação da criminalidade nas mídias audiovisuais, em especial na mídia televisiva. O objetivo da análise é apontar processos midiáticos que evidenciem e exemplifiquem o modo como o crime é transformado em espetáculo, reconfigurando os formatos narrativos de dramas policiais e do telejornalismo vigentes. A cultura das mídias audiovisuais, no que diz respeito à representação das imagens de violência e criminalidade, vem demonstrando duas vertentes predominantes: o telejornalismo que incorpora elementos de construção típicos das telenovelas e a programação ficcional que se pretende realista, retratando o cotidiano da polícia em ação nos grandes centros urbanos. Sob a ótica da espetacularização promovida pela mídia jornalística, serão analisados dois crimes ocorridos no ano de 2008: o caso da menina Isabella Nardoni e o da jovem Eloá Pimentel, fartamente reproduzidos e detalhados na internet. No que tange ao crime-espetáculo no universo da ficção, analisaremos a narrativa seriada televisiva CSI:Crime Scene Investigation, com destaque para os episódios "Grave danger" e "Monster in a box . Do ponto de vista metodológico, a pesquisa baseia-se na análise dos audiovisuais concebidos para televisão e em suas versões para internet e DVD, a fim de investigar a relação entre o sujeito vidente e o objeto visível, entendendo o espectador como voyeur-mórbido. Do ponto de vista teórico, a pesquisa apoia-se no conceito de "choque do real" de Beatriz Jaguaribe, na hipótese de espetacularização da intimidade de Paula Sibilia, apresentada em O show do eu: a intimidade como espetáculo" e na obra "A sociedade do espetáculo" de Guy Debord. As discussões sobre telejornalismo são ancoradas na obra de Eugênio Bucci e Maria Rita Kehl, "Videologias". A reflexão sobre a relação do espectador com as imagens de violência baseia-se na obra de Susan Sontag, "Diante da dor dos outros", e nas obras de Arlindo Machado, "A televisão levada a sério" e "O sujeito na tela". Ao final, conclui-se que as insistentes imagens de choque e violência que assolam os mais diversos meios informacionais de comunicação operam por sistemas de contágio, que levam elementos da dramatização do real do telejornalismo para o universo ficcional e de espetacularização do crime para o universo do telejornal, na televisão e internet

Os criminosos seriais que atuam no cometimento do crime de furto possuem modos de operação (Modus operandi) distintos e, que podem ser identificados através da análise dos exames periciais utilizando-se redes neurais. No sistema proposto, identificado um determinado modo de operação, um analista forense utilizando as informações adicionais coletadas e as hipóteses geradas pelos peritos de campo tem a competência de definir conjuntos de ações periciais complementares, que serão adicionados aos registros do modo identificado. Durante um novo exame pericial, em tempo real, a sub-rotina auxiliar analisa os blocos de dados enviados pelos peritos criminais de campo e, em caso de similaridade com um modo de operação anteriormente identificado, envia a eles um conjunto de ações complementares que, a critério do responsável em campo, pode ou não ser usado para alterar o procedimento de campo escolhido. Neste trabalho definimos Neurônios Espelho como sendo a associação das redes neurais para a identificação de padrões com a planilha de trabalho, utilizada pelo analista forense para a definição de ações complementares, com a sub-rotina auxiliar que verifica os blocos de informação recebidos e, que pode identificar partes de um modo de operação, remetendo para os peritos de campo um conjunto de ações complementares. Esta definição deve-se a descoberta pela neurobiologia de um tipo especifico de neurônio que tem a capacidade de disparar ao receber um input sensorial ativando uma área de memória que, em consequência, pode ativar outras áreas de memória ou enviar um comando motor. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos os programas de rede neural utilizados para a identificação dos modos de operação parcial e o final, além, das planilhas de trabalho para a elaboração das ações complementares e a sub-rotina auxiliar para identificação em tempo real dos modos de operação parciais. O treinamento da rede foi efetuado com 98 ocorrências e na verificação de validade foram utilizados 10 ocorrências. / The serial criminals who operate in the commission of the crime of theft have different modes of operation (modus operandi) and which may be identified through the analysis of forensic examinations using neural networks. In the proposed system, identified a particular mode of operation, a forensic analyst using the information collected and the hypotheses generated by field experts have the competence to define sets of complementary expert shares, which will be added to the records so identified. During a new forensic examination, in real time, the auxiliary subroutine examines data blocks sent by forensic experts in the field and, in the case of similarity to previously identified a mode of operation, sends them a complementary set of actions that the discretion of the responsible in the field, or can not be used to change the procedure chosen field. In this paper we define Mirror Neurons as the association of neural networks to identify patterns with the worksheet, used by forensic analyst for the definition of complementary actions, with the auxiliary subroutine that checks the blocks of information received and that can identify parts of a mode of operation, referring to field experts a set of complementary actions. This definition should be discovered by the neurobiology of a specific type of neuron that has the ability to shoot while receiving a sensory \"input\" activating an area of memory that, in consequence, can activate other areas of memory or send a motor command. This work programs of neural network used for identifying the modes of operation and the final part were developed, in addition, the worksheets for the elaboration of complementary actions and the auxiliary subroutine for real-time identification of the modes of partial operation. Network training was performed with 98 occurrences and validity check 10 events were used.