1. Summary Identification of corpses and skeletal findings The topic of my graduation thesis is the identification of corpses and skeletal findings. In this work I have described methods which are currently being used for an individual identification of people, and I have also paid a special attention to methods that are regarded as predecessors of modern currently-used methods. In each chapter of my thesis, I described different kinds of methods and I have also attached some short cases, just to illustrate the real work of police forensic experts after location of the corpse or the skeleton. In the initial part of my work I have also attached the Glossary of Terms that explains some complicated technical terms. Although some of the methods which I have described in my work are used in many other branches, I have focused on the use of these methods in the forensic practice (criminal investigation) with the possible collaboration of experts in the identification work in mass accidents and disasters. Nowadays, one of the fastest growing and most accurate methods of the identification with the widest spectrum of applications is the DNA analysis method, so I decided to devote a substantial part of my work to this method. I have described her historical development, her practical use and how this method really...

Cadáveres não reclamados constituíram por muito tempo o suprimento de material para o estudo da Anatomia Humana. No entanto, devido à melhoria da qualidade de vida decorrente das tecnologias atuais, bem como, o caráter ético, vem ocorrendo um rareamento progressivo da sua utilização. Frente a estas circunstâncias, e a impossibilidade da substituição total deste material por outro de qualquer natureza para o estudo da Anatomia e a prática da dissecção na formação de profissionais da área da saúde, a criação de Programas de Doação Voluntária de Corpos para Estudo Anatômico é apresentada como alternativa de captação de cadáveres. Essa ação altruísta encontra respaldo legal no artigo 14 da lei 10.406/02 do Código Civil Brasileiro que esclarece a quem desejar doar o seu corpo ou parte dele às instituições de pesquisa e estudo científicos, sem obter qualquer ganho pecuniário, deverá fazê-lo em vida, através de inequívoca e expressa declaração de vontade. Deste modo, com o objetivo de desenvolver o Programa de Doação Voluntária de Corpos para Estudo Anatômico (pdvcea) para o Departamento de Anatomia do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo (DA-ICB/USP) realizou-se no presente trabalho questionários relativos à obtenção de informações sobre: o conhecimento e a opinião da população de profissionais anatomistas e de alunos primeiranistas acerca do tema; a importância da disciplina de Anatomia e da dissecção para a prática profissional, bem como da população geral como fator de confiabilidade no profissional cirurgião médico. Os dados demonstraram que: a possibilidade de Doação de Corpos não é desconhecida pela maioria da população pesquisada, o que, não implica em potenciais doadores, e a necessidade de investimento em divulgação de mídia de massa. O pdvcea do DA-ICB/USP embora institucionalizado, ainda depende do parecer da Corregedoria do Estado de São Paulo, para diminuição do tempo de lavratura do assento do óbito, sem prejuízos financeiros aos familiares dos doadores, e da aquisição de jazigo pela instituição para homenagens aos doadores. / Unclaimed corpses were for many years the supply of human material for the study of human anatomy. However, due to improved quality of life and technology as well as the ethical character of the use, there has been the surround these. Faced with these circumstances, and the impossibility of total replacement of this material by others in training future professionals and the endless dissection technique, the Donation Voluntary Bodies for Anatomical Study is presented as an alternative to capture corpses and no legal impediment to such action, since the Civil Code provides for the donation of bodies for teaching and research through article 14 of Law 10.406/02, or who wish to donate your body or part of it to research institutions and scientific study, without obtaining any pecuniary gain, you should do it in life through clear and express statement of intent. Thus, the present study aimed to gather information about the knowledge and belief of the population of anatomists and freshmen, on the subject; obtain information on the importance of discipline and dissection for professional practice and reliability of the general population, and develop Donation Program Voluntary Bodies for Anatomical Study (pdvcea) for the Department of Anatomy at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (DA-ICB/USP). Regarding the importance of dissection for vocational training is considered, for the general population, such as reliability factor in professional medical surgeon, the possibility of donation Bodies is not unknown for the majority of the population studied, which do not necessarily set in potential donors. The Voluntary Donation Program is created, institutionalized, but still in the process of acquiring gravesite tributes to the institution; dependent for its dissemination, clarification and placement in mass media, as well as the opinion of the Magistrate of the State of São Paulo, to decrease the time of drafting the seat of death, without financial loss to the relatives of the donors.

This research study analyses the construction of meaning surrounding the embalmed corpse in contemporary England. It documents a process of social change in which Legal, Medical and Religious discourses concerning the dead, once dominant and unchallenged, now co-exist, if somewhat uneasily, with modern constructions of death and the possibility of an after life. The meaning of the embalmed corpse is considered to be constructed by different elements which are presented historically. Initially religious discourses governed the meaning of the body, which was preserved for religious reasons. 17th century surgeon-embalmers requisitioned the corpse for reasons of status assertion, presenting their arguments in medical terms. Contemporary hygiene issues, in tandem with legal issues, today have a powerful impact on the corpse, which is usually experienced by mourners in the context of contemporary consumer culture, after the process of embalming has occurred. The decline of religious practices also mean that the contemporary corpse has assumed a far greater significance than in the past. From the perspective of the sociology of the body, based on the seminal work of Turner, this thesis discusses how changing experiences of live bodies are inextricably linked with changing experience of dead bodies in contemporary societies. This is accomplished through an interpretation of the different meaning attributed to embalmed corpses, together with an appreciation of the work of Hertz and Van Gennep, both of whom identified, in pre-literate societies, the centrality and embeddedness of the treatment of the corpse to funeral rituals. The thesis reports some empirical investigations of embalming-related issues which provide an analysis of contemporary meanings of the corpse and cast light upon the contemporary structure of the English funeral world. Embalmers expect to produce a culturally acceptable ‘death disguise’ for the benefit of mourners whose encounters with the corpse are surprisingly numerous in contemporary death-denying society. Culturally acceptable death images appear to focus upon the dead being in a condition of 'liminal repose', where the illusion of rest is constructed. Embalmers and funeral directors comprise occupations that are quite distinct, although working with the dead in different parts of the same process. Highlighting the significance of corpse appearance, whereby it is rendered 'normal', has also highlighted the socio-cultural process whereby this transformation occurs. As the dead are carefully re-presented, this has hidden the 'true' condition of the dead and therefore also hidden the covert technicians, embalmers, who accomplish this transformation. Embalming therefore appears a hidden aspect of the social construction of the dead, as death is now estranged from the popular context.

Cadáveres não reclamados constituíram por muito tempo o suprimento de material para o estudo da Anatomia Humana. No entanto, devido à melhoria da qualidade de vida decorrente das tecnologias atuais, bem como, o caráter ético, vem ocorrendo um rareamento progressivo da sua utilização. Frente a estas circunstâncias, e a impossibilidade da substituição total deste material por outro de qualquer natureza para o estudo da Anatomia e a prática da dissecção na formação de profissionais da área da saúde, a criação de Programas de Doação Voluntária de Corpos para Estudo Anatômico é apresentada como alternativa de captação de cadáveres. Essa ação altruísta encontra respaldo legal no artigo 14 da lei 10.406/02 do Código Civil Brasileiro que esclarece a quem desejar doar o seu corpo ou parte dele às instituições de pesquisa e estudo científicos, sem obter qualquer ganho pecuniário, deverá fazê-lo em vida, através de inequívoca e expressa declaração de vontade. Deste modo, com o objetivo de desenvolver o Programa de Doação Voluntária de Corpos para Estudo Anatômico (pdvcea) para o Departamento de Anatomia do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo (DA-ICB/USP) realizou-se no presente trabalho questionários relativos à obtenção de informações sobre: o conhecimento e a opinião da população de profissionais anatomistas e de alunos primeiranistas acerca do tema; a importância da disciplina de Anatomia e da dissecção para a prática profissional, bem como da população geral como fator de confiabilidade no profissional cirurgião médico. Os dados demonstraram que: a possibilidade de Doação de Corpos não é desconhecida pela maioria da população pesquisada, o que, não implica em potenciais doadores, e a necessidade de investimento em divulgação de mídia de massa. O pdvcea do DA-ICB/USP embora institucionalizado, ainda depende do parecer da Corregedoria do Estado de São Paulo, para diminuição do tempo de lavratura do assento do óbito, sem prejuízos financeiros aos familiares dos doadores, e da aquisição de jazigo pela instituição para homenagens aos doadores. / Unclaimed corpses were for many years the supply of human material for the study of human anatomy. However, due to improved quality of life and technology as well as the ethical character of the use, there has been the surround these. Faced with these circumstances, and the impossibility of total replacement of this material by others in training future professionals and the endless dissection technique, the Donation Voluntary Bodies for Anatomical Study is presented as an alternative to capture corpses and no legal impediment to such action, since the Civil Code provides for the donation of bodies for teaching and research through article 14 of Law 10.406/02, or who wish to donate your body or part of it to research institutions and scientific study, without obtaining any pecuniary gain, you should do it in life through clear and express statement of intent. Thus, the present study aimed to gather information about the knowledge and belief of the population of anatomists and freshmen, on the subject; obtain information on the importance of discipline and dissection for professional practice and reliability of the general population, and develop Donation Program Voluntary Bodies for Anatomical Study (pdvcea) for the Department of Anatomy at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (DA-ICB/USP). Regarding the importance of dissection for vocational training is considered, for the general population, such as reliability factor in professional medical surgeon, the possibility of donation Bodies is not unknown for the majority of the population studied, which do not necessarily set in potential donors. The Voluntary Donation Program is created, institutionalized, but still in the process of acquiring gravesite tributes to the institution; dependent for its dissemination, clarification and placement in mass media, as well as the opinion of the Magistrate of the State of São Paulo, to decrease the time of drafting the seat of death, without financial loss to the relatives of the donors.

This mini-dissertation serves as a framework for my own creative practice. In this research paper my intention is to explore, within a feminist reading, representations of the female corpse in fashion photography and art. The cultural theorist Stuart Hall's theories on the concept of representation are utilised to critically analyse and interogate selected images from fashion magazines, which depicts the female corpse in an idealised way. Such idealisation manifests in Western culture, in fashion magazines, as expressed in depictions of the attractive/ seductive/fine-looking female corpse. Fashion photographs that fit this description are critically contrasted and challenged to selected artworks by Penny Siopis and Marlene Dumas, alongside my own work, to explore how the female corpse can be represented, as strategy to undermine the aesthetic and cultural objectification of the female body. Here the study also explores the selected artists' utilisation of the abject and the grotesque in relation to their use of artistic mediums and modes of production as an attempt to create ambiguous and conflicting combinations of attraction and repulsion (the sublime aesthetic of delightful horror), thereby confronting the viewer with the notion of the objectification of the decease[d] feminine body as object to-be-looked-at. This necessitated the inclusion of seminal theories developed by the French theorist, Julia Kristeva (1982) on the abject and the Russian theorist, Mikhail Bakhtin (1968) on the grotesque. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Visual Arts / MA / Unrestricted

Engulfment of dead cells by epithelial cells is crucial for the health of an organism. Defective engulfment can lead to serious conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa and asthma. In the Drosophila melanogaster ovary, protein starvation induces apoptotic cell death of germline cells, which are then engulfed by adjacent epithelial follicle cells. The follicle cells synchronously enlarge approximately four-to-five fold as they engulf the dying germline, suggesting that significant changes are required. However, the molecular changes needed to drive enlargement and engulfment by epithelial cells are still poorly understood. In this dissertation, I determined the role of integrins in engulfment, the interactions between the core engulfment machinery and the corpse processing pathway, and the roles of GTPases in engulfment by epithelial cells. First, I found that the integrin heterodimer, αPS3/βPS, becomes apically enriched and is required in the epithelial follicle cells for engulfment. αPS3/βPS is trafficked in a polarized fashion using much of the same machinery as migrating cells, suggesting similarities between engulfing and migrating cells. The canonical corpse processing pathway has been well-characterized, however, little is known about how the core engulfment machinery interacts with the corpse processing pathway. I found that the phagocytic receptor Draper is present on the phagocytic cup and early phagosomes, whereas integrins are maintained on the cell surface. Engulfment mutants fell into three distinct categories based on their specific effects on internalization and phagosome maturation, suggesting that components of the core engulfment machinery are required for distinct steps of corpse processing. Last, I investigated the roles of the Rho family GTPases during engulfment. Strikingly, Rac2 becomes induced during engulfment whereas Rac1 does not change its expression pattern. Both Rac1 and Rac2 are required for engulfment, however, Rac1 has defects in both enlargement and vesicle uptake whereas Rac2 only has defects in enlargement. Furthermore, I found that Rac1 and Rac2 may have differential effects on the Jun kinase signaling pathway, which suggests complexity in the regulatory network controlling engulfment in epithelial cells. Together, this work has provided a greater understanding of the molecular changes required within epithelial cells for proper engulfment. / 2016-12-01T00:00:00Z

Since the bizarre disappearance of his wife, mountaineer Abbot Boone's life has spiraled into a pit of alcoholism and alienation. But then a wealthy and desperate widow hires Boone for an impossible task: to recover her husband's dead body from the peaks of Mount Everest. With nothing to lose and debts mounting, Boone enlists a team of exiles and misfits to attempt the climb. But if Boone is to conquer the mountain, he will first have to survive the pressure cooker of Everest Base Camp, brutal subzero temperatures, and ultimately confront the mystery of his own grief

Identification of cadavers and skeletal findings Abstract "Identification" is an act of declaration of identity. The identity (particularly in today's globalized society) deservedly draws attention not only in a normal social interaction, but is also enshrined legally. Its purpose is also important in the sad events of last identification of a person - the identification of the dead. Thesis sets as a goal in a clear and comprehensible form to offer a presentment to an extremely interesting and inspiring topic of identification of the dead human body, using multidisciplinary approach with focus to criminological practice. It provides a comprehensive overview of all the components of identifying corpses, demonstrates the process of identifying, from the finding of the dead body, through autopsy, up to some practice expertise to determine its identity. To achieve this, the method of literature review using books and journals, both domestic and foreign, with subsequent synthesis of acquired knowledge and information with their critical evaluations is used. Clarity, however, is not exchanged for cursoriness and perfunctoriness in the work and therefore some topics suitable for detailed analysis (analysis of DNA, thanatology, the procedure of finding dead bodies in the terrain) are evolved in such a degree to...

<p>The present BA thesis is an analysis and a close reading of the French author Gabrielle Wittkop's novel Le Nécrophile (1972). The analysis consists of two parts. The first part focuses on the story and can be described as an attempt to interpret the engine of the history. The second part of the analysis focuses on the narrative; how the story is told. Le Nécrophiles main motif is re-encoding the representation of death in art and literature, traditionally conceived as a beautiful female corpse. The narrative embodies death as different of body types – men, women, old people, childen - and hence avoids to produce death as the female Other. By the use of different methods, such as metaphores, focalizing etc., the corpse becomes something more than a passive object, now threatening and interacting. In the novel necrophilia is described as a higher form of love. The historical view of sexuality as divided into high/low is strongly codified from a gender perspective; the higher form of love is associated with masculinity and the lower form with femininity. In Le Nécrophile the classification of high/low is based on life and death instead of masculinity and femininity; a new way of staging the binery pairs high/low.</p>

The present BA thesis is an analysis and a close reading of the French author Gabrielle Wittkop's novel Le Nécrophile (1972). The analysis consists of two parts. The first part focuses on the story and can be described as an attempt to interpret the engine of the history. The second part of the analysis focuses on the narrative; how the story is told. Le Nécrophiles main motif is re-encoding the representation of death in art and literature, traditionally conceived as a beautiful female corpse. The narrative embodies death as different of body types – men, women, old people, childen - and hence avoids to produce death as the female Other. By the use of different methods, such as metaphores, focalizing etc., the corpse becomes something more than a passive object, now threatening and interacting. In the novel necrophilia is described as a higher form of love. The historical view of sexuality as divided into high/low is strongly codified from a gender perspective; the higher form of love is associated with masculinity and the lower form with femininity. In Le Nécrophile the classification of high/low is based on life and death instead of masculinity and femininity; a new way of staging the binery pairs high/low.