The rate of suicidality in jail is estimated to be eight times greater than that of the general population, yet the identification of risk factors for suicidality among people incarcerated in jail has not been explored by researchers (Fazel, Grann, Kling & Hawton, 2011; Hayes, 1999; Noonan & Ginder, 2013). To date, the breadth of the literature on suicidology almost exclusively deals with the prison population or general public, and official data of completed suicides. However, when analyzing suicidality in jail and prison populations, it is evident they are not interchangeable and suicidal behaviors include more than just completed suicides. Identifying correlates of suicidality, the fuller spectrum of suicidal behaviors, allows for prevention and programming to be implemented before fatal self-harm occurs. This study seeks to identify correlates of suicidality, using the importations and deprivations models, of people incarcerated in jail as a means of better understanding this crisis, propose subsequent research, and equipping policymakers with the information they need to take action. Using data from self-reported surveys of jail inmates, this study focuses on predictors of a spectrum of suicidal behaviors other than completed suicide. This is the first such study on suicidality in jail environments and will inform research and policy.

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which workplace efforts and rewards are associated with probation officer stress, overcommitment, health, and productivity. This research uses the effort-reward imbalance model, which is an indicator of job stress, on a group of criminal justice probation officers. The probation officers completed questionnaires regarding their perceptions of health, perceived reward, perceived effort, perceptions of overcommitment, and perceived productivity. Afterward, the responses were collected, and analyses were conducted using correlation and multiple regression to determine the extent to which perceptions of effort, reward, and overcommitment effect probation officer productivity and health. A sample of 207 probation officers from Central Florida selected probation agencies are used in the study, with an individual response rate of approximately 90%. The results suggest that perceptions of reward have a limited effect on perceived productivity. Furthermore, the study found a significant relationship between effort-reward imbalance and perceptions of overcommitment. The study also found a significant relationship between perceptions of overcommitment and perceptions of reduced health. Finally, the study found that the interaction of effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment are correlated with negative perceptions of health. The results of the study demonstrate the ubiquity of perceptions among probation officers that they are overworked and under compensated. The results also suggest the need for improvements in organizational practice, so that efficiency and effectiveness of probation officers can be maximized.

This text presents foundations of correctional intervention, including overviews of the major systems of therapeutic intervention, diagnosis of mental illness, and correctional assessment and classification. Its detailed descriptions and cross-approach comparisons can help professionals better determine which of several techniques might be especially useful in their particular setting. Includes key concepts and terms as well as discussion questions. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1236/thumbnail.jpg

Juvenile Justice: An Introduction is a student-friendly analysis of all aspects of the juvenile justice system. The book covers the history and development of the juvenile justice system and the unique issues related to juveniles, including police interaction, court processes, due process, movements toward diversion and deinstitutionalization, and community intervention. This book also examines particular issues within juvenile justice, such as female delinquency, gang delinquency, and the use of the death penalty and Life Without Parole with juveniles. Evidence-based suggestions for successful interventions and treatment are included, with a focus on performing cost-benefit analyses of what works versus what is ineffective with juveniles. The book concludes with a look to the future of the juvenile court, including the real possibility of abolition. Provides an engaging introduction to all aspects of the Juvenile Justice system in America. This seventh edition builds on a trusted and well-known textbook with new material on key issues such as sexting, bullying, social media, and the issues of non-delinquent youths. Robust offerings for students include study questions, discussion questions, "What You Need to Know" sections in each chapter, key terms identified, online case study questions, and links to relevant websites. Instructors are provided with helpful test question banks, lesson plans, sample syllabi, Power Point lecture slides, and links to useful websites. Glossary consolidates key terms with definitions. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1247/thumbnail.jpg

Outstanding first-line supervisors are essential to the success of any law enforcement agency, yet many officers lack the supervision training necessary to excel. Effective Police Supervision immerses readers in the group behaviors and organizational dynamics supervisors must master in order to lead their teams and to help create an effective police department. Combining behavioral theory and updated case studies, this core text, now in its eighth edition, is a vital tool for all college students pursuing criminal justice courses on supervisory practices, as well as police officers preparing for promotional exams. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1273/thumbnail.jpg

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / The purpose of this study is to examine the Christian attitude toward penal justice as exemplified in the history of theology and in the works of certain contemporary theologians, in an effort to discover the necessary components of a Christian philosophy of penal justice. Although the redemption of the lost is a primary concern of the New Testament, there has been surprisingly little systematic consideration of this problem in Christian theology. This work is meant to be only a preliminary study of this critical area of theological and social concern. It is suggestive rather than conclusive, pointing up places in which further investigation, preferably of an interdisciplinary nature, is needed [TRUNCATED]

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The quality of probation officer-client therapeutic alliance (TA) can result in improvements in supervision success including reduced rearrest and non-compliance. However, less is known about how clients' perceptions of procedural justice during interactions with their probation officer (PO) influence the quality of the PO-client TA and impact supervision outcomes. While extant research supports the importance of procedural justice for shaping citizen's legitimacy beliefs and compliance to the law within policing, we know little about how and whether these concepts influence the PO-client TA in community supervision and whether they impact compliance. Using self-reported survey data collected from a sample of adult individuals on county-level probation (N = 172), this study examined the influence of client perceptions of procedural justice, legitimacy, and legal cynicism in predicting the PO-client TA. Multivariate regression analyses examined the collective effect of these interpersonal relationship factors on clients' odds of receiving a technical violation and receiving a positive drug test. Results indicated that clients' perceptions of procedural justice were positively associated with the PO-client TA. Clients who viewed their PO treated them fairly and with respect were more likely to report a higher quality relationship. However, perceptions of procedural justice, legitimacy, and the TA were unrelated to compliance outcome. Risk level was the strongest predictor for receiving a technical violating and positive drug test. These findings suggest that while procedural justice was associated with a stronger TA, procedural justice alone may be insufficient to elicit supervision compliance. This study suggests the need to expand future research to consider procedural justice in the context of other supervision outcomes, including client satisfaction. Though the current study found procedural justice did not impact technical violations and positive drug tests, it may improve clients' satisfaction of the supervision process, which could result in greater client success and improved outcomes