abstract: Officials employed in the criminal justice system have a duty to serve, protect, and uphold the law. Nevertheless, previous research has found problematic drinking and illegal substance use exists among criminal justice system employees. Criminal justice employees may be more likely to use substances due to strains or due to increased access to drug. On the other hand, self-selection and screening processes may result in a pool of employees who fewer substances than the general population. Using waves 1 through 17 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, the current research examines substance use patterns of criminal justice system employees, assessing how their rate of substance use compares to a nationally representative sample, and how their substance use changes once employed with the criminal justice system, this research surveys the alcohol and illicit drug use of people who went on to work in the criminal justice system and how their substance use compares to the general population. In addition, this research compares police officer substance use to the general population. When compared to a nationally represented sample, criminal justice system employees consistently use illegal substances at lower rates. However, the prevalence of alcohol use among police officers specifically is higher when compared to the general population and increases once employed with the criminal justice system. Information from this research can be used to help agencies with employee selection procedures and employee assistance programs for current employees. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Criminology and Criminal Justice 2019

Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Texas at Arlington, 2008.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2009. / "Graduate Program in School of Criminal Justice." Includes bibliographical references (p. 348-368).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2009. / "Graduate Program in Criminal Justice." Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-166).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2009. / "Graduate Program in Criminal Justice." Includes bibliographical references (p. 138-143).

Thesis PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

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No description available.

No description available.

This thesis examines the place of rehabilitation and reintegration in the criminal justice system. The aim of the research was to ascertain whether current law, policy and practice are conducive to the rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders and the reduction of recidivist offending. As research shows that offenders who are able to obtain and retain employment are less likely to reoffend, the degree to which current measures facilitate ex-offender employment were examined in particular. In this context, barriers faced by ex-offenders in obtaining and retaining employment were examined. The research methodology is primarily qualitative, using both primary and secondary information sources, formal and informal. The research is also informed by a small scale survey of employer attitudes and direct observation by the writer of a community-based employment initiative. The research suggests that viewing criminal offending through a “human needs” lens, whereby offender behaviours are seen as directed at the meeting of fundamental needs, provides an appropriate means of understanding and addressing criminal offending. The research concludes that current criminal justice policy lacks the types of measures necessary to rehabilitate and reintegrate ex-offenders. Specifically, it is argued that there is need for “throughcare” (that is, continued support and assistance provided to ex-offenders upon sentence expiry) to be viewed as an integral part of the criminal justice system.