This critical ethnographic collective case study examined the process of becoming a teacher in the context of visual art education. This longitudinal study was grounded in larger educational concerns regarding the preparation of teachers for socially and culturally diverse U.S. public schools. This framing of teacher learning went beyond traditional dichotomies in educational research that maintain an artificial boundary between learning to teach content and learning to teach all students effectively and equitably. In order to re-integrate the study of teacher learning, this research foregrounds the transactional relationship between a preservice art teacher’s social locations (e.g., race, class, sex-gender, language) and how s/he makes sense of what it means to be an “art teacher.” Specifically, the study asked (a) how preservice art teachers negotiated their emerging art teacher identities in a university-based teacher education program, (b) how their social positions were implicated in that process, and (c) how their teacher identities were meditated by cultural narratives, artifacts, and practices. This approach eschewed simplistic and reductive analyses of teacher identities in order to attain a nuanced understanding of the multiple, sometimes contradictory social processes involved in becoming a teacher. This collective case study centered six preservice art teachers with varied racial, class, gender, and sexual identities, all of whom attended the same undergraduate teacher education program in the southwestern U.S. Social practice theory of identity, and critical curriculum and cultural theory were employed in constructing a multi-leveled relational analysis of the commonalities and divergences in participants’ self-understandings over time. Findings showed historical patterns of institutionalized racism, as well as complex class and sex-gendered meanings of art. These inequitable norms were reproduced in ways distinctive to the asocial and apolitical “common sense” knowledge that was mobilized within the world of art teacher education. Some participants experienced alienation and marginalization based on their social positioning in relation to the world of art education. The findings also illuminated the polyvalent nature of identity through the coexistence of hegemonic identities as well as counter-hegemonic agency. Implications and possibilities for generating more critical, equity-oriented teacher education and art education research, practice, and policy are considered. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:39:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_mn_me_bauru.pdf: 819080 bytes, checksum: 244c5110b8ebf66c37081de047d11051 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente estudo teve como problemática investigar os sentidos educativos, que os formandos dos cursos de Licenciatura de Ciências Biológicas de duas universidades públicas, possuem sobre o ensino de Biologia e sobre a trajetória formativa obtida na graduação. Bem como os possíveis porquês destes sentidos, com vistas à obtenção de subsídios para se repensar a formação inicial de professores à luz da perspectiva crítica. Para tanto, num primeiro momento da pesquisa, balizados metodologicamente pela abordagem da pesquisa qualitativa, de tipo estudo exploratório, aplicamos questionários e, em seguida, num segundo momento, realizamos algumas entrevistas com alguns formatos previamente selecionados, com base nas dimensões constituídas a partir das análises mais gerais de nosso primeiro instrumento de pesquisa. As contribuições filosófico-educacionais do pensamento freireano e frankfurtiano, principalmente de Theodor Adorno, bem como os pressupostos do modelo docente dos intelectuais críticos de Giroux (1997) e as considerações críticas sobre o currículo, como as de Appel (2006), balizaram nossas análises e discussões. Delas, constatamos, dentre outras questões, que os sentidos educativos relacionados às compreensões que os licenciandos possuem sobre o ensino de Biologia, sobre os papéis dos educadores e da trajetória formativa se aproximam, tanto de uma visão crítica, progressista e transformadora, quanto de seu contrário, isto é, de uma perspectiva mais ingênua, pragmática, pendendo mais para a adaptação. O modelo da racionalidade técnica e instrumental na formação docente, embora hegemônico, não é único e exclusivo, concorrendo com outros espaços dentro e fora da universidade que oportunizam vivências contra-hegemônicas, como por exemplo, no movimento estudantil da biologia. A partir de uma reflexão das vozes dos licenciandos entrevistados... / The present study had as problem to investigate educative meaning that pre-services of Biology Science of two public universities in Brazil has about teaching Biology and trajectory formative obtained in the graduate course, and the possible reasons of these meanings to subsidize to rethinking the pre-service teaching education supported by critical perspective. Thus, in a first moment of the research, according with qualitative research methodology, as exploratory study, we applied questionnaires for all. In the second moment, we realized some interviews with some previously pre-services selected in base on some dimensions constituted according general analysis of our first instrumental. The philosophical-educational constributions of Freire´s approach and Adorno's approach as well as the base of the Giroux's thinking about teachers as intellectual and the considerations of Appel concerning curriculum subsidized our discussions and analysis. It's become possible to uncover that educative meanings presents in understanding of pre-services about teaching Biology, roles of educators, and trajectory formative experimented in the graduate course are, in on hand, critical, pregressives, and linked with transformation's perspectives of education, and in the other hand are more innocent and pragmatic, linked with adaptation's perspectives of educations. The model of instrumental and technical rationality in the teaching education, although hegemonic, it's isn't unique and exclusive. There are other spaces inside and out of university where pre-services has living resisting-experiences, for example, students movements in Biology. Based on reflection of voices of pre-services interviewed, we constituted five groups of suggestions as indicators to rethink, in future proposes in teaching education under focuses of critical curriculum... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T13:54:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Azevedo.pdf: 465168 bytes, checksum: 26985995e1449cadc19b24fb7c994dd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-30 / This dissertation intends to analyze the evaluative process in its relationship with the warranty of learning with emancipation feature, starting from the pedagogical quality of the diagnoses of limits and progresses and of the nature of the didactic-methodological interventions carried out by teachers in initial grades of a public network municipal school in Imperatriz - urban area. Starting from qualitative referential by making use of the techniques: semi-structured interview, observation, documental analysis, mixed questionnaire, with the purpose of characterizing the conceptions that prevail among the researched teachers as for the education, learning, methodology, evaluation of learning, student and teacher. It also intends to analyze the correlation of those conceptions amongst themselves and of them with the pedagogical practice, as well as the teachers' work plans, the evaluation instruments with respect to the elaboration, correction and redelivery forms, regarding to investigate if such elements configure a diagnosis-procedural evaluation and yet contemplate the implications of the teachers' objective conditions in the researched school for the action-reflection-action exercise, towards the improvement of the pedagogical practice. Permeating the discussions around the evaluation in its qualitative sense, are Vasconcellos, Hoffmann, Demo and Saul s ideas, which together with authors like Vygotsky and Giroux provide the bases for the analysis of the object in study. By the run course, some verifications became evident in the conceptions and investigated teachers' practices: the conceptions of the subject of the research present different epistemological focuses, several times a same concept is structured starting from divergent approaches amongst themselves. However, they can indicate, more than incoherence, once the rupture with a given referential isn t felt at once, but by successive approaches. When revoked with the methodological point of view, even if in the level of the speeches, it is noticed in most cases, difficulties to establish correlation between the concept and its materialization, above all when this already locates itself in a critical referential. When confronted with the practice, through direct observation and documental analysis, the dissonances between concepts of critical-transformer content and the teacher s effective action are enlarged, committing the diagnosis-procedural dimension of the evaluation. In spite of the noticed predicaments there are some initiatives that they are already characterized by the student's daily attendance by occasion of the room activities, mediated by the dialogue, in the perspective of capturing the hypotheses that the students are having concerning the contents, altering the classic form of facing the mistakes. In smaller scale, but no less important certain debureaucratization of the evaluation is noticed, whereas the students have the opportunity to redo activities, above all production of texts, approaching this way the established criteria. Considering the objective conditions, above all the ones that refer to the teacher's right as for the continuous development in school and especially in the network, although they don't immobilize a pedagogical and evaluative practice of emancipation tendency, because there is always space for resistance, they commit their desire and even the initiative already implemented by some of the subjects in that sense. Before that, one proposes that the Educator's work, that is still differentiated in the network by the supervisor and educational orientation functions, be ruled by the perspective of the research of the pedagogical work, subsidizing this way the teachers in the epistemological field, in which is believed lies the origins of the main observed fragilities, overcoming the pedagogical activism, what naturally implicates the warranty of the processes of continuous development of quality for the educators' group, including the Pedagogue, besides the enlargement of the number of those professionals. / Esta dissertação se propõe analisar o processo avaliativo em sua relação com a garantia da aprendizagem de caráter emancipatório, a partir da qualidade pedagógica dos diagnósticos de limites e avanços e da natureza das intervenções didático-metodológicas realizada por professores em séries iniciais de uma escola da rede pública municipal de Imperatriz zona urbana. A partir de referencial qualitativo faz uso das técnicas: entrevista semi-estruturada, observação, análise documental, questionário misto, tendo em vista caracterizar as concepções que predominam entre os professores pesquisados quanto à educação, aprendizagem, metodologia, avaliação da aprendizagem, aluno e professor. Propõe-se também a analisar a correlação dessas concepções entre si e delas com a prática pedagógica, assim como os planos de trabalho dos professores, os instrumentos de avaliação no que tange à elaboração, formas de correção e devolutiva, no sentido de investigar se tais elementos configuram uma avaliação diagnóstico-processual e ainda refletir sobre as implicações das condições objetivas dos professores na escola pesquisada para o exercício de ação-reflexão-ação, em função do aperfeiçoamento da prática pedagógica. Permeando as discussões em torno da avaliação em seu sentido qualitativo, estão as idéias de Vasconcellos, Hoffmann, Demo e Saul, que em conjunto com autores como Vygotsky e Giroux fornecem as bases da análise do objeto em estudo. Mediante o percurso feito, algumas constatações tornaram-se evidentes nas concepções e práticas dos professores investigados: as concepções dos sujeitos da pesquisa apresentam diferentes enfoques epistemológicos; muitas vezes, um mesmo conceito se estrutura a partir de abordagens divergentes entre si. No entanto, podem indicar mais que incoerências, uma vez que a ruptura com um dado referencial não se dá de uma vez, mas por aproximações sucessivas. Quando encampadas do ponto de vista metodológico, mesmo ainda no nível das falas, verifica-se, na maioria dos casos, dificuldades em estabelecer correlação entre o conceito e sua materialização, sobretudo quando este já se situa em um referencial crítico. Quando confrontadas com a prática, via observação direta e análise documental, as dissonâncias entre conceitos de teor crítico-transformador e a ação efetiva do professor se ampliam, comprometendo a dimensão diagnóstico-processual da avaliação. Apesar dos impasses constatados há algumas iniciativas que já se caracterizam pelo acompanhamento diário do aluno por ocasião das atividades de sala, mediadas pelo diálogo, na perspectiva de captar as hipóteses que os alunos estão tendo acerca dos conteúdos, alterando a clássica forma de encarar o erro. Em menor escala, mas não menos importante, verifica-se certa desburocratização da avaliação, na medida em que alunos têm a oportunidade de refazer atividades, sobretudo produção de textos, aproximando-se assim dos critérios estabelecidos. Considerando as condições objetivas, sobretudo as que se referem ao direito do professor quanto à formação continuada na escola e especialmente na rede, embora não imobilizem uma prática pedagógica e avaliativa de cunho emancipatório, pois sempre há espaço para a resistência, comprometem o desejo e mesmo as iniciativas já implementadas por alguns dos sujeitos nesse sentido. Diante disso, propõe-se que o trabalho do Pedagogo, que na rede ainda é diferenciado pelas funções supervisora e de orientação educacional, se paute pela perspectiva da pesquisa do trabalho pedagógico, subsidiando assim os professores no campo epistemológico, no qual, acredita-se, residem as origens das principais fragilidades observadas, superando o ativismo pedagógico, o que naturalmente implica a garantia de processos de formação continuada de qualidade para o conjunto dos educadores, inclusive para o Pedagogo, além da ampliação do número desses profissionais.

Orientador: Renato Eugênio da Silva Diniz / Banca: Antonio Fernando Gouveia da Silva / Banca: Washington Luiz Pacheco de Carvalho / Resumo: O presente estudo teve como problemática investigar os sentidos educativos, que os formandos dos cursos de Licenciatura de Ciências Biológicas de duas universidades públicas, possuem sobre o ensino de Biologia e sobre a trajetória formativa obtida na graduação. Bem como os possíveis porquês destes sentidos, com vistas à obtenção de subsídios para se repensar a formação inicial de professores à luz da perspectiva crítica. Para tanto, num primeiro momento da pesquisa, balizados metodologicamente pela abordagem da pesquisa qualitativa, de tipo estudo exploratório, aplicamos questionários e, em seguida, num segundo momento, realizamos algumas entrevistas com alguns formatos previamente selecionados, com base nas dimensões constituídas a partir das análises mais gerais de nosso primeiro instrumento de pesquisa. As contribuições filosófico-educacionais do pensamento freireano e frankfurtiano, principalmente de Theodor Adorno, bem como os pressupostos do modelo docente dos intelectuais críticos de Giroux (1997) e as considerações críticas sobre o currículo, como as de Appel (2006), balizaram nossas análises e discussões. Delas, constatamos, dentre outras questões, que os sentidos educativos relacionados às compreensões que os licenciandos possuem sobre o ensino de Biologia, sobre os papéis dos educadores e da trajetória formativa se aproximam, tanto de uma visão crítica, progressista e transformadora, quanto de seu contrário, isto é, de uma perspectiva mais ingênua, pragmática, pendendo mais para a adaptação. O modelo da racionalidade técnica e instrumental na formação docente, embora hegemônico, não é único e exclusivo, concorrendo com outros espaços dentro e fora da universidade que oportunizam vivências contra-hegemônicas, como por exemplo, no movimento estudantil da biologia. A partir de uma reflexão das vozes dos licenciandos entrevistados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present study had as problem to investigate educative meaning that pre-services of Biology Science of two public universities in Brazil has about teaching Biology and trajectory formative obtained in the graduate course, and the possible reasons of these meanings to subsidize to rethinking the pre-service teaching education supported by critical perspective. Thus, in a first moment of the research, according with qualitative research methodology, as exploratory study, we applied questionnaires for all. In the second moment, we realized some interviews with some previously pre-services selected in base on some dimensions constituted according general analysis of our first instrumental. The philosophical-educational constributions of Freire's approach and Adorno's approach as well as the base of the Giroux's thinking about teachers as intellectual and the considerations of Appel concerning curriculum subsidized our discussions and analysis. It's become possible to uncover that educative meanings presents in understanding of pre-services about teaching Biology, roles of educators, and trajectory formative experimented in the graduate course are, in on hand, critical, pregressives, and linked with transformation's perspectives of education, and in the other hand are more innocent and pragmatic, linked with adaptation's perspectives of educations. The model of instrumental and technical rationality in the teaching education, although hegemonic, it's isn't unique and exclusive. There are other spaces inside and out of university where pre-services has living resisting-experiences, for example, students movements in Biology. Based on reflection of voices of pre-services interviewed, we constituted five groups of suggestions as indicators to rethink, in future proposes in teaching education under focuses of critical curriculum... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre