¡§Science¡¨, ¡§Technology¡¨ and ¡§Innovation¡¨ are more important than the conventional productive elements in the era of knowledge economy. Lots of countries emphasized to advance the spread of knowledge in the innovation systems. Department of Industrial Technology also thought the relationships between governments, enterprises, research institutions and universities are important. Furthermore, the regional innovation system is the base of the national innovation system, but there were few research papers about regional innovation system. Therefore, we thought the regional innovation system is very important for regional developing and even the country. We collected the critical factors of the regional innovation system by literature review and the analysis of cases. And then, we adopt Delphi method to collect the professional¡¦s advices and check the critical factors of the regional innovation system. In concluding, we found out the factors below: 1.Governments should choose ¡§R&D¡¨ to be the orientation of the region, and supply the infrastructures to construct the good environment. It should establish relative policies and laws, and hold some exhibitions and conferences to promote the cooperation between the components. Central government and local governments should build good channel to communicate each other. 2.The research institutions, universities, and enterprises should have their own authorities and lead in the experts around the world. And they should spread the talents, technologies, and achievements between them. Furthermore, they should communicate with other international institutes. Having enough funds of R&D is also important for the research institutions, universities, and enterprises. 3.Finally, some results that we couldn¡¦t explain here is like intellectual property rights. Protecting intellectual property rights would increase invention and innovation, but sharing the knowledge and technology are also important for an innovation system. Consequently, the follow-up researchers could continue to research this subject.

Abstract After the information technology has rapidly improved and Internet has widespread proliferated, e-learning has become an important trend for enterprise education and training but many companies still stay in the waiting or hesitation stage. Some companies intend to carry out e-learning but they do not know how to implement or what is the key to success. The critical factors of enterprise e-learning are still obscure for them. This study is attempted to establish an implementation/advance model that may help companies understand the critical factors of enterprise e-learning for designing effective plans. It starts from literature review for getting the subjects of critical factors of enterprise e-learning and then construct a list of factors. Data were collected by six interviews with the managers and trainee from six implemented e-learning companies. Afterwards, model was established. The findings of this study present that all e-learning actions are effected and guided by the strategies, culture and system/method factors. In the implementation procedure, there are effective factors ¡V course, teaching materials, instructional design, and information technology and infrastructure, which affect the results of achievement and learning. Learning result is also directly affected by characteristic of trainee.

Quality information is critical to organisations’ success in today’s highly competitive environment. Accounting information systems (AIS) as a discipline within information systems require high quality data. However, empirical evidence suggests that data quality is problematic in AIS. Therefore, knowledge of critical factors that are important in ensuring data quality in accounting information systems is desirable. A literature review evaluates previous research work in quality management, data quality, and accounting information systems. It was found that there was a gap in the literature about critical success factors for data quality in accounting information systems. Based on this gap in the literature and the findings of the exploratory stage of the research, a preliminary research model for factors influence data quality in AIS was developed. A framework for understanding relationships between stakeholder groups and data quality in accounting information systems was also developed. The major stakeholders are information producers, information custodians, information managers, information users, and internal auditors. Case study and survey methodology were adopted for this research. Case studies in seven Australian organisations were carried out, where four of them were large organisations and the other three are small to medium organisations (SMEs). Each case was examined as a whole to obtain an understanding of the opinions and perspectives of the respondents from each individual organisation as to what are considered to be the important factors in the case. Then, cross-case analysis was used to analyze the similarities and differences of the seven cases, which also include the variations between large organisations and small to medium organisations (SMEs). Furthermore, the variations between five different stakeholder groups were also examined. The results of the seven main case studies suggested 26 factors that may have impact on data quality in AIS. Survey instrument was developed based on the findings from case studies. Two large-scale surveys were sent to selected members of Australian CPA, and Australian Computer Society to further develop and test the research framework. The major findings from the survey are: 1. respondents rated the importance of the factors consistent higher than the actual performance of those factors. 2. There was only one factor, ‘audit and reviews’, that was found to be different between different sized organisations. 3. Four factors were found to be significantly different between different stakeholder groups: user focus, measurement and reporting, data supplier quality management and audit and reviews. 4. The top three critical factors for ensuring data quality in AIS were: top management commitment, education and training, and the nature of the accounting information systems. The key contribution of this thesis is the theoretical framework developed from the analysis of the findings of this research, which is the first such framework built upon empirical study that explored factors influencing data quality in AIS and their interrelationships with stakeholder groups and data quality outcomes. That is, it is now clear which factors impact on data quality in AIS, and which of those factors are critical success factors for ensuring high quality information outcomes. In addition, the performance level of factors was also incorporated into the research framework. Since the actual performance of factors has not been highlighted in other studies, this research adds new theoretical insights to the extant literature. In turn, this research confirms some of the factors mentioned in the literature and adds a few new factors. Moreover, stakeholder groups of data quality in AIS are important considerations and need more attention. The research framework of this research shows the relationship between stakeholder groups, important factors and data quality outcomes by highlighting stakeholder groups’ influence on identifying the important factors, as well as the evaluation of the importance and p erformance of the factors.

As organizações atuais têm grandes desafios, os clientes demandam maiores exigências quanto à qualidade do produto e serviço. É por isso que as organizações têm sido obrigadas a adaptar estratégias de apoio como a gestão da qualidade, para satisfazer as necessidades dos clientes mediante melhoria de seus processos e produtos. A diminuição de falhas dos produtos e antecipação de possíveis erros que possam surgir no processo só pode ser obtida por meio de técnicas capazes de prever erros futuros, sendo a previsão uma delas. Portanto a previsão é o ponto inicial para o planejamento das atividades da empresa, tais como planejamento da produção, vendas, controle de estoque, entre outras. Este estudo investigou a implicação que tem os fatores críticos do Gerenciamento da Qualidade Total no processo de implementação de previsão de demanda. Os resultados mostraram que os fatores críticos de maior importância foram cultura da qualidade, participação de todos os funcionários, gestão dos processos, compromisso da alta gerência, foco no cliente, treinamento dos funcionários e gestão dos fornecedores. Constatou-se que utilizar os fatores críticos pode trazer benefícios como disponibilizar recursos; reduzir o efeito chicote; melhorar o tempo de entrega; aumentar o desempenho das vendas; planejar adequadamente os níveis de estoque e planejar a cadeia de suprimento. / Nowadays companies have big challenges, because current customers ask for a growing personalized treatment and greater demands in terms of quality of product and services. Therefore organizations have been forced to adapt support strategies such as quality management, to satisfy the needs of customers by improving their processes and products. The decrease in product failure and anticipation of possible errors that may arise in the process can only be obtained by techniques able to predict future errors, being the forecast one possibility. This study investigated the relationship of the most relevant critical factors of Total Quality Management (TQM) in the implementation process of demand forecasting. The results show that the most important critical factors were culture of quality, employee participation, process management, commitment of top management, customer focus, training and suppliers management. It was found that the use of the critical factors resulted in benefits as available resources, reduced the bullwhip effect, improved the delivery time, increased sales performance, plan adequate levels of stock and map the supply chain. The Kendall concordance test showed no agreement with respect to benefits for training factors and management of suppliers.

As organizações atuais têm grandes desafios, os clientes demandam maiores exigências quanto à qualidade do produto e serviço. É por isso que as organizações têm sido obrigadas a adaptar estratégias de apoio como a gestão da qualidade, para satisfazer as necessidades dos clientes mediante melhoria de seus processos e produtos. A diminuição de falhas dos produtos e antecipação de possíveis erros que possam surgir no processo só pode ser obtida por meio de técnicas capazes de prever erros futuros, sendo a previsão uma delas. Portanto a previsão é o ponto inicial para o planejamento das atividades da empresa, tais como planejamento da produção, vendas, controle de estoque, entre outras. Este estudo investigou a implicação que tem os fatores críticos do Gerenciamento da Qualidade Total no processo de implementação de previsão de demanda. Os resultados mostraram que os fatores críticos de maior importância foram cultura da qualidade, participação de todos os funcionários, gestão dos processos, compromisso da alta gerência, foco no cliente, treinamento dos funcionários e gestão dos fornecedores. Constatou-se que utilizar os fatores críticos pode trazer benefícios como disponibilizar recursos; reduzir o efeito chicote; melhorar o tempo de entrega; aumentar o desempenho das vendas; planejar adequadamente os níveis de estoque e planejar a cadeia de suprimento. / Nowadays companies have big challenges, because current customers ask for a growing personalized treatment and greater demands in terms of quality of product and services. Therefore organizations have been forced to adapt support strategies such as quality management, to satisfy the needs of customers by improving their processes and products. The decrease in product failure and anticipation of possible errors that may arise in the process can only be obtained by techniques able to predict future errors, being the forecast one possibility. This study investigated the relationship of the most relevant critical factors of Total Quality Management (TQM) in the implementation process of demand forecasting. The results show that the most important critical factors were culture of quality, employee participation, process management, commitment of top management, customer focus, training and suppliers management. It was found that the use of the critical factors resulted in benefits as available resources, reduced the bullwhip effect, improved the delivery time, increased sales performance, plan adequate levels of stock and map the supply chain. The Kendall concordance test showed no agreement with respect to benefits for training factors and management of suppliers.

Purpose of this diploma paper is a suggestion of optimalization a chosen processes in a sector of distribution electricity and gas, during fusing more companies. One possibility how to find out weak parts, save costs and create new and superior values is a properly selected monitoring and measuring firm processes. At the first part of my work we analyzed a firm process, process management and reengineering. At the second part we are focusing on analysis of current stadium of inter-processes, on finding a critic factors of success and on achievement optimizing process map of a company. Conclusion consist of recommendation how to improve a function of a process management in a company and focusing on a concept of optimal stadium chosen model process.

As organizações atuais têm grandes desafios, os clientes demandam maiores exigências quanto à qualidade do produto e serviço. É por isso que as organizações têm sido obrigadas a adaptar estratégias de apoio como a gestão da qualidade, para satisfazer as necessidades dos clientes mediante melhoria de seus processos e produtos. A diminuição de falhas dos produtos e antecipação de possíveis erros que possam surgir no processo só pode ser obtida por meio de técnicas capazes de prever erros futuros, sendo a previsão uma delas. Portanto a previsão é o ponto inicial para o planejamento das atividades da empresa, tais como planejamento da produção, vendas, controle de estoque, entre outras. Este estudo investigou a implicação que tem os fatores críticos do Gerenciamento da Qualidade Total no processo de implementação de previsão de demanda. Os resultados mostraram que os fatores críticos de maior importância foram cultura da qualidade, participação de todos os funcionários, gestão dos processos, compromisso da alta gerência, foco no cliente, treinamento dos funcionários e gestão dos fornecedores. Constatou-se que utilizar os fatores críticos pode trazer benefícios como disponibilizar recursos; reduzir o efeito chicote; melhorar o tempo de entrega; aumentar o desempenho das vendas; planejar adequadamente os níveis de estoque e planejar a cadeia de suprimento. / Nowadays companies have big challenges, because current customers ask for a growing personalized treatment and greater demands in terms of quality of product and services. Therefore organizations have been forced to adapt support strategies such as quality management, to satisfy the needs of customers by improving their processes and products. The decrease in product failure and anticipation of possible errors that may arise in the process can only be obtained by techniques able to predict future errors, being the forecast one possibility. This study investigated the relationship of the most relevant critical factors of Total Quality Management (TQM) in the implementation process of demand forecasting. The results show that the most important critical factors were culture of quality, employee participation, process management, commitment of top management, customer focus, training and suppliers management. It was found that the use of the critical factors resulted in benefits as available resources, reduced the bullwhip effect, improved the delivery time, increased sales performance, plan adequate levels of stock and map the supply chain. The Kendall concordance test showed no agreement with respect to benefits for training factors and management of suppliers.

A melhoria da qualidade em função do aumento da competitividade nas empresas vem se tornado uma realidade evidente para aquelas que desejam continuar atuantes no mercado. Esta melhoria deve ter como objetivo a satisfação das necessidades de seus clientes e o atendimento das expectativas de lucro de seus acionistas. Para isto abordagens como o Seis Sigma, que trazem como proposta a melhoria da qualidade visando o atendimento destes objetivos, encontram nestes ambientes as condições propícias para sua utilização. No entanto, o que se observa na literatura é uma supervalorização desta abordagem de melhoria da qualidade como forma de eliminação das barreiras que impedem o aumento da competitividade. Este fato pode ser evidenciado com base na propaganda de seu sucesso de aplicação em empresas de grande porte e com alto nível de maturidade destas, que possuem condições de sanar seus problemas através de qualquer metodologia comprovada, mas que não produzem o mesmo efeito em empresas com menor compreensão de seus processos, que constituem a grande maioria que busca em uma abordagem como o Seis Sigma a solução para seus problemas seja de processo, seja organizacionais. Este trabalho tem como proposta a pesquisa e análise das dificuldades de implementação de programas Seis Sigma, utilizados para melhoria de competitividade em empresas com diferentes níveis de maturidade, considerando os fatores críticos de sucesso que condicionam este processo, apontados na literatura sobre o tema. Inicialmente uma revisão bibliográfica é feita para apresentar um referencial teórico de conceitos sobre Seis Sigma; casos de implementação bem sucedidos; levantamento das dificuldades associadas aos conceitos referenciados; e levantamento dos fatores críticos de sucesso para implementação de Programas Seis Sigma em uma organização; e a elaboração com base nesta revisão dos instrumentos de coleta de dados. Para execução deste trabalho realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com objetivos descritivos visando levantar as dificuldades de implementação do Seis Sigma em empresas de grande porte e com diferentes níveis de maturidade que já utilizem este programa / The quality improvement, related to the companies’ competitiveness increasing, has become a strong reality to those that want to continue acting in the market.This improvement shall have the customer satisfaction needs and the shareholders expected profit achievement objective.So, strategies such as six sigma approach, that proposes a quality improvement by meeting these objectives, find on these scenario, proper condition to be used.However, what is observed on the literature is a super valorization of this quality improvement approach as a way to eliminate barriers that obstruct the competitiveness increasing. This fact can be demonstrated, according to the application success promotion, in lead companies and with high level of maturity, that have conditions to solve its problems through any proper methodology, but does not produces the same effect in companies which does not understand its process, and that represents the huge amount that is searching for Six Sigma approach to solve its process or organizational problems.This work proposes to develop and analyze the Six sigma program implementation problems, used to improve the companies’ competitiveness with different maturity levels, considering the success critical factors that limit this process, according to the actual literature. At beginning a biographic review was conducted to present the teorical reference related to Six Sigma concepts; well succed implementation cases; list of problems associated to the refer concepts; the list of critical factors for Six Sigma implementation in an organization; and the preparation of data collection based on these review.The execution of this work was done by multiple cases with defined objective study in order to list the Six Sigma implementation problems in big companies and several levels of maturity that already uses this program

A melhoria da qualidade em função do aumento da competitividade nas empresas vem se tornado uma realidade evidente para aquelas que desejam continuar atuantes no mercado. Esta melhoria deve ter como objetivo a satisfação das necessidades de seus clientes e o atendimento das expectativas de lucro de seus acionistas. Para isto abordagens como o Seis Sigma, que trazem como proposta a melhoria da qualidade visando o atendimento destes objetivos, encontram nestes ambientes as condições propícias para sua utilização. No entanto, o que se observa na literatura é uma supervalorização desta abordagem de melhoria da qualidade como forma de eliminação das barreiras que impedem o aumento da competitividade. Este fato pode ser evidenciado com base na propaganda de seu sucesso de aplicação em empresas de grande porte e com alto nível de maturidade destas, que possuem condições de sanar seus problemas através de qualquer metodologia comprovada, mas que não produzem o mesmo efeito em empresas com menor compreensão de seus processos, que constituem a grande maioria que busca em uma abordagem como o Seis Sigma a solução para seus problemas seja de processo, seja organizacionais. Este trabalho tem como proposta a pesquisa e análise das dificuldades de implementação de programas Seis Sigma, utilizados para melhoria de competitividade em empresas com diferentes níveis de maturidade, considerando os fatores críticos de sucesso que condicionam este processo, apontados na literatura sobre o tema. Inicialmente uma revisão bibliográfica é feita para apresentar um referencial teórico de conceitos sobre Seis Sigma; casos de implementação bem sucedidos; levantamento das dificuldades associadas aos conceitos referenciados; e levantamento dos fatores críticos de sucesso para implementação de Programas Seis Sigma em uma organização; e a elaboração com base nesta revisão dos instrumentos de coleta de dados. Para execução deste trabalho realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com objetivos descritivos visando levantar as dificuldades de implementação do Seis Sigma em empresas de grande porte e com diferentes níveis de maturidade que já utilizem este programa / The quality improvement, related to the companies’ competitiveness increasing, has become a strong reality to those that want to continue acting in the market.This improvement shall have the customer satisfaction needs and the shareholders expected profit achievement objective.So, strategies such as six sigma approach, that proposes a quality improvement by meeting these objectives, find on these scenario, proper condition to be used.However, what is observed on the literature is a super valorization of this quality improvement approach as a way to eliminate barriers that obstruct the competitiveness increasing. This fact can be demonstrated, according to the application success promotion, in lead companies and with high level of maturity, that have conditions to solve its problems through any proper methodology, but does not produces the same effect in companies which does not understand its process, and that represents the huge amount that is searching for Six Sigma approach to solve its process or organizational problems.This work proposes to develop and analyze the Six sigma program implementation problems, used to improve the companies’ competitiveness with different maturity levels, considering the success critical factors that limit this process, according to the actual literature. At beginning a biographic review was conducted to present the teorical reference related to Six Sigma concepts; well succed implementation cases; list of problems associated to the refer concepts; the list of critical factors for Six Sigma implementation in an organization; and the preparation of data collection based on these review.The execution of this work was done by multiple cases with defined objective study in order to list the Six Sigma implementation problems in big companies and several levels of maturity that already uses this program

Pedloen diplomov prce âNvrh rozvoje internacionalizaÄn­ strategie spoleÄnosti Heinrich Huhn na mexick©m trhuâ je zaloen na identifikaci kritickch faktor ovlyvuj­c­ch volbu konkr©tn­ mezinrodn­ formy vstupu. Teoretick Äs je zamÄen na otzku globalizace a internacionalizace, jej­ strategie a forem vstupu. Analytick Äs zahrnuje analzu intern­ho podnikatelsk©ho prosted­ firmy Heirich Huhn, pehled odvÄtv­, analzu extern­ho mexick©ho prosted­, kter© s nslednÄ shrnuty v analze SWOT. Posledn­ Äs nab­z­ nvrhy a doporuÄen­ zaloen na konsolidaci pedloench analz.