As a paradigm of a wounded healer, parentified therapists may be gifted with therapeutic talents, but also with related vulnerabilities that may have a significant influence on their therapeutic practice. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore the impact of parentification on therapeutic practice, especially on the therapeutic skills of empathy and boundary settings. For this purpose, a mixed method design was employed in which 38 trainee psychologists provided self-report data on the constructs of parentification measured by parentification questionnaire (Jurkovic, 1997), empathy, measured by Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980), and boundary settings, measured by Exploitation Index (Epstein, 1990) in a survey study, while 4 trainee psychologists were interviewed in a separate study. First, the quantitative data were analysed to assess the existence of possible relationships among the variables of parentification, empathy and boundary transgressions by a regression analysis. The results offered significant suggestions for the predictive power of parentification in regard to empathy and boundary transgressions. Following this, a qualitative study analysed the interviews with the 4 trainees using thematic analysis to explore the above relationships and provided a deeper insight, especially for their therapeutic utility. Combining the findings, the current study supported that parentification may first of all catalyse the choice of a psychologist's profession, well as the choice of the psychotherapeutic approach. In regard to the interpersonal skills, parentification may positively impact the development of enhanced levels of empathy, boundary flexibility, and creativity. On the other hand, parentification may also negatively impact on practitioners by making them more vulnerable to enmeshed therapeutic relationships. Especially in the case of destructive parentification, professional support may be needed to minimise the risk for enmeshed relationships, by increasing self-care and self-other differentiation. Clinical implications for parentified therapists were also discussed.

Este texto é resultado da pesquisa de campo realizada com imigrantes bolivianos em São Paulo. Relata também a experiência como imigrante do próprio autor, assim como analisa os registros imagéticos da imigração africana na Europa. Tem por objetivo reunir argumentos para defender a tese de que a educação é movimento, travessia. Semelhante transitoriedade fundamental da educação quando é tolhida, no sedentarismo torna árida, senão impossível a experiência pedagógica, pois a nega em sua dimensão dinâmica e movente. Nesse sentido, pretendo demonstrar, através de uma descrição densa, que a substância e o caráter da atividade pedagógica assenta-se mais na vacuidade, no eterno, na atopia e na utopia, como assinala Gaston Bachelard. / This text analyses some conceptions that constitute a basis for defending the education as movement. Presents a field research about a manifestation of Bolivians, Brazilians, Africans immigrants in Europe and Brazil. Which basis transitorily education when renegade, we argue that the education can not be viewed as education, since it takes an urban and bodily perspective to establish a peculiar kind of atopic and utopian space. We use as references the ideas of the philosopher Gaston Bachelard.

Quantile regression (QR) (Koenker and Bassett, 1978), as a comprehensive extension to standard mean regression, has been steadily promoted from both theoretical and applied aspects. Bayesian quantile regression (BQR), which deals with unknown parameter estimation and model uncertainty, is a newly proposed tool of QR. This thesis aims to make some novel contributions to the following three issues related to QR. First, whereas QR for continuous responses has received much attention in literatures, QR for discrete responses has received far less attention. Second, conventional QR methods often show that QR curves crossing lead to invalid distributions for the response. In particular, given a set of covariates, it may turn out, for example, that the predicted 95th percentile of the response is smaller than the 90th percentile for some values of the covariates. Third, mean-based clustering methods are widely developed, but need improvements to deal with clustering extreme-type, heavy tailed-type or outliers problems. This thesis focuses on methods developed over these three challenges: modelling quantile regression with discrete responses, ensuring non-crossing quantile curves for any given sample and modelling tails for collinear data with outliers. The main contributions are listed as below: * The first challenge is studied in Chapter 2, in which a general method for Bayesian inference of regression models beyond the mean with discrete responses is developed. In particular, this method is developed for both Bayesian quantile regression and Bayesian expectile regression. This method provides a direct Bayesian approach to these regression models with a simple and intuitive interpretation of the regression results. The posterior distribution under this approach is shown to not only be coherent to the response variable, irrespective of its true distribution, but also proper in relation to improper priors for unknown model parameters. * Chapter 3 investigates a new kernel-weighted likelihood smoothing quantile regression method. The likelihood is based on a normal scale-mixture representation of an asymmetric Laplace distribution (ALD). This approach benefits of the same good design adaptation just as the local quantile regression (Spokoiny et al., 2014) does and ensures non-crossing quantile curves for any given sample. * In Chapter 4, we introduce an asymmetric Laplace distribution to model the response variable using profile regression, a Bayesian non-parametric model for clustering responses and covariates simultaneously. This development allows us to model more accurately for clusters which are asymmetric and predict more accurately for extreme values of the response variable and/or outliers. In addition to the three major aforementioned challenges, this thesis also addresses other important issues such as smoothing extreme quantile curves and avoiding insensitive to heteroscedastic errors as well as outliers in the response variable. The performances of all the three developments are evaluated via both simulation studies and real data analysis.

Orientador: Rosemeire da Silva Fillardi / Resumo: A suinocultura mundial encontra-se em processo de mudanças e o crescimento da demanda por proteína animal, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, exige aumento na produção e na produtividade. Muitas pesquisas relatam sucesso na utilização dos cruzamentos entre animais de raças rústicas, com raças comerciais ou seus híbridos, melhorando a produção de carcaças com maior índice de carne magra e menor depósito de gordura.Este experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Unesp, Campus de Ilha Solteira para avaliar a qualidade e a composição nutricional de Longissimus dorsi oriundos de suínos de diferentes origens genéticas criados nas mesmas condições de manejo e alimentação. Os Longissimus dorsi foram obtidos de 18 animais, sendo 6 de cada uma das origens genéticas: ♂Moura x ♀Moura; ♂MS115 x ♀Moura e ♂MS115 x ♀F1 produzindo respectivamente leitões Moura puros, ½ sangue Moura e leitões híbridos tipo comercial. Nas amostras obtidas foram realizadas avaliações do pH45 minutos, pH 24 horas, cor (*L, *a e *b), capacidade de retenção de água, perdas por cocção, força de cisalhamento,composição centesimal, valor energético e teor de minerais. Dentre as principais diferenças determinadas pela origem genética destacaram-se a menor maciez da carne, evidenciada pelas maiores perdas por cocção (P<0,05) e força de cisalhamento (P<0,05) observadas nos Longissimus dorsi de animais da raça Moura, os quais também apresentaram maior teor de gordura (P<... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: World pig farms are in the process of shifting and increasing demand for animal protein, especially in developing countries, requires increased production and productivity. Many researchers have been successful in searching for crosses between rustic, commercial and hybrid animals, improving the production of carcasses with higher lean meat and lower fat deposition. This experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Teaching, Research and Extension of the Unesp, Campus of Ilha Solteira-SP and aimed at the analysis of the quality and chemical composition of Longissimus dorsi originated from the crossing of pigs with different genetic origins (Moura, ½ Moura blood and commercial hybrids), raised under the same management and feeding conditions. The samples were evaluated for pH45 minutes, pH 24 hours, color (* L, * a and * b), water retention capacity, cooking losses, shear force, centesimal composition, energy value and mineral content. Among the main differences determined by the genetic origin were the lower meat tenderness, evidence by the higher cooking losses (P <0.05) and shear force (P <0.05) observed in Longissimus dorsi of Moura animals, which also presented higher fat content (P <0.05). / Mestre

The study of natural variation is a principle component of biology. One process that affects levels of natural variation is meiotic recombination—the process by which homologous chromosomes break and interchange genetic information with one another during the formation of gametes. Surprisingly, this factor that shapes levels of natural variation across the genome itself presents with a great deal of variation. That variation manifests itself at many levels: within genomes, between individual organisms, across populations, and among species. The factors and mechanisms responsible for the non-random patterning of recombination events across the genome remain particularly elusive in most cases. Herein, I utilize a combination of bioinformatic and molecular genetic approaches to better explain recombination patterning. I explore several factors that are now known to contribute to the distribution of recombination events across genomes. In particular, I demonstrate that transcriptional activity during meiosis is associated with, and partially predictive of crossing over events in Drosophila melanogaster. Additionally, I present a model which is capable of accounting for approximately 40% of the variation in crossover rates in Drosophila based on the localization of several previously identified DNA motifs. Lastly, I present preliminary data describing how recombination patterns are altered under naturally stressful conditions, a key insight that is necessary for uniting our findings at one level of variation with the many others. These findings support a multifactorial model for crossover distribution that includes both genetic and epigenetic factors and will further progress the field in developing a comprehensive understanding of recombination localization.

Habitat loss and fragmentation occur at unprecedented rates, especially in tropical countries where human activities have deforested or degraded around 80% of tropical rainforests. Tropical forest fragmentation is considered the main cause of extinction of tropical forest avifauna, yet the mechanisms by which fragmentation affects bird populations are poorly understood. The present study investigates the pattern of bird species distribution in a fragmented landscape in tropical southeastern Mexico and the relation of bird community and species distribution patterns to landscape and fragment characteristics. Area and isolation of forest fragments were the main determinant of species richness and abundance in fragments, especially for forest-dependent species. The significant effect of isolation on species persistence in forest fragments suggests that limitation of dispersal is one potential mechanism by which fragmentation affects species distribution in the landscape. To understand how fragmentation can affect bird dispersal in a fragmented landscape, the effect of open areas and corridors on movement patterns of forest birds was investigated. The evidence presented in this study supports the idea that bird movement is restricted by open areas, especially for forest-restricted birds. Forested corridors had a positive effect on movement rates of forest birds, potentially acting to preserve movement and dispersal processes, and ultimately species persistence, in heavily fragmented landscapes.

Saab has an analogue solution which is used to drive small motors in aircrafts. The motor is a brushless DC-motor and uses a resolver and hall sensors to control it. As sensorless control is something that has been expanding and attracting more interest over the last decade, Saab is considering the possibility of using a digital sensorless system depending on its performance on the control compared to their analogue system. There is little documentation of performance for a digital sensorless solution compared to an analogue solution. Therefore the question to be answered in this research is: How is the performance of the digital solution compared to the existing analogue solution? It was answered by finding a complete sensorless system on the market and then compare its performance to a digital system with sensors that resembles the analogue solution. Performance wise, InstaSPIN does not perform as well as EPOS2 which represent the sensorless system respective the system with sensors. InstaSPIN needs a startup sequence, can not run at the same low velocities, has a longer rise time, settling time and greater ripple. An examination of the software should be done before using the disadvantages that was found as a reason for not considering a sensorless system. Especially the startup sequence in the software should be examined as it is InstaSPINs greatest weakness compared to EPOS2. / Saab använder idag ett analogt system för att driva små motorer i deras flygfarkoster. Det analoga systemet använder en borstlös DC-motor och en resolver för styrning av motorn. Motorstyrning med system som är oberoende av givare är ett område som vuxit och fått ett ökat intresse det senaste decenniet. Saab överväger möjligheten att använda ett givarlöst digitalt system beroende på dess styrprestanda jämfört med deras analoga system. Eftersom det finns lite dokumentation om prestandan så är frågan som ska besvaras i denna rapport: Hur förhåller sig det givarlösa digitala systemet prestandamässigt jämfört med det existerande analoga systemet? Detta besvarades genom att leta upp ett komplett system på marknaden och sedan jämföra dess prestanda mot ett digitalt system som liknar det analoga systemet.  Prestandamässigt så fungerar InstaSPIN som representerar det givarlösa systemet inte lika effektivt som EPOS2 som representerar systemet som använder givare. Nackdelarna med InstaSPIN är att den behöver en startsekvens, inte kan köra på lika låga hastigheter, har längre stigtid, insvängningstid och större rippel. Man bör undersöka mjukvaran innan nackdelarna används som en anledning till att inte använda ett givarlöst system. Speciellt startsekvensen bör undersökas eftersom det är IntaSPINs största svaghet jämfört mot EPOS2.

The cultures of science and religion have had different levels of conflict throughout the past several hundred years due in part to the development of the theory of evolution. Although many ideas abound in science education as to the alleviation of this struggle, few studies have examined how scientists who profess religious beliefs deal with this conflict. In general, the study sought to understand the cognitive dynamic of the cultural interaction between the scientific and religious culture within a few individuals. Specifically, the study allowed scientists to explain how they found a measure of compatibility between their faith and their scientific endeavors. Within the boundaries of both the general and specific purposes for the study, the following research question was used: How do college science professors describe the interaction between their faith and their scientific knowledge in reference to their transitioning between a naturalistic or scientific understanding and a super-naturalistic or religious understanding? Three theoretical lenses were used as backdrop to view the cultural interaction. World View (Kearney, 1984), Collateral Learning Theory (Jegede, 1995), and Faith Perspective in relation to the Stages of Faith Theory (Fowler, 1981) constituted the theoretical framework. Because of the qualitative nature of the research, the author used a modified naturalistic paradigm that stressed an emergent quality, grounded categorical design, and a modified case study written format that aided in the understanding of data generated through multiple qualitative methods. Three overlapping themes emerged within the data that offer new insights not only into the complex nature of the conflict but also into the ways scientists themselves find a reason to have faith as well as scientific knowledge. Boundaries based upon a philosophical and world view difference, conflict due to culturally integrative ideas, and cultural bridges without distortion made up the overlapping thematic ideas that were consistently demonstrated by each participant. The insights demonstrated by this study may also enlighten the science education community to the importance of both culture and belief in reference to a meaningful learning experience in science.

The analysis of grade crossing safety has long focused on vehicle-train crashes using statistical models based on crash data. The potential crashes generated by vehicle-vehicle rear-end conflicts have often been ignored. The interaction of different traffic attributes on safety performance of a grade crossing is also not well-understood. The primary objective of this thesis is to model the causal relationship of vehicle-vehicle interactions by developing the operation logic of gate-equipped grade crossing using a commercially available microscopic simulation package that models human driver behaviors. The simulation-generated vehicle trajectory data allows detail safety performance analysis on vehicle-vehicle interaction over time as they approach the track. A dual-gate equipped crossing at Kitchener, Ontario is selected as the study area. Initially, logic modifications are made to the simulation package (VISSIM) in order to accurately model the grade crossing segment. A two-step calibration is used in this thesis. Firstly, model input parameters for a signalized intersection from literature are used to model typical car-following behavior along this type of roadway. Secondly, parameters used to model drivers’ decision and reaction when approaching crossing is fine tuned through data collection and calibration. After incorporating all the modifications to the simulation package, validation is undertaken by comparing model-generated speed profiles to on-site observed speed profile. The established model is tested for its safety performance sensitivity through varying three traffic attributes in the simulation: (i) percentage of bus, (ii) total traffic volume, (iii) percentage of cars in the center lane of a 2-lane approach. Four safety performance measures were selected. The overall results indicate that the established model is functional and reliable in modeling grade crossing vehicles interactions at gated crossings. In the absence of a train, vehicles’ reduction in speed in the vicinity of a crossing results in traffic flow turbulence that increases the opportunity for high risk rear-end vehicle interactions. The sensitivity test revealed that the spillback behavior of vehicles due to the stopping behaviors of buses increases risk in the upstream section. Also, overloading of vehicles into the network indeed improves safety as the effect of differential speed diminishes. Among the four selected safety performance measures, DRAC seems to reflect problems with rear-end vehicle interactions in the vicinity of a crossing as a function of the traffic attributes considered in this research.

The flow of goods to Russia has grown faster than the bottleneck can handle and the infrastructure on Finnish eastern borders has been stretched to the limit. The authors choose this topic according to their educational background and the direct and indirect future opportunities that can rise up for everybody by a possible solution. Purpose The main purpose of this thesis was to identify the main reasons for the inefficient border crossing process at the border station in Vaalimaa. The authors will analyse the current situation at the border crossing station in Vaalimaa from two different perspectives: Finnish Customs and Logistics Companies. The authors will propose a possible solution by improving the border crossing process Methodology Qualitative research method is used in order to get the most dependable information for the reasons of the problems. The aim was to get information about the current situation at the border crossing point in Vaalimaa rather than quantitative information. The qualitative research method will allow authors to go deeper inside the topic by interviewing the logistics companies, who are using the route via Finland to Russia and, as well as, Finnish customs and border guards, who are working in Vaalimaa. After the data collection, the authors will propose their own solution for the crossing border problems and they will conclude the research by measuring its validity and reliability. Conclusion The authors will present the main reasons for the inefficient border crossing process, which are bureaucracy, legislation issues, criminality level and poor IT-systems. In order to solve the problem and manage all the possible changes, Russia and EU should have a closely cooperation in any level. The authors after analysing the current situation in Vaalimaa, created the “One-stop” model as an improvement of the whole border crossing process.