Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-05-16T19:04:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Andr??_Felipe_de_Carvalho_Sanchez.pdf: 2392314 bytes, checksum: e1f61269682d91aa6c88e7ef6a5ab852 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-16T19:04:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Andr??_Felipe_de_Carvalho_Sanchez.pdf: 2392314 bytes, checksum: e1f61269682d91aa6c88e7ef6a5ab852 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / The Government Accounting Brazilian converges IPSAS, were created several standards, impacting Demonstrative and Subsystems. Meantime, there are conflicting aspects and HEI are to prepare the graduate with skills required. Having that said, this research objective to identify the perception of teachers of the Government Accounting about the teaching conditions and the need in Courses of Accounting in the Baixada Santista region. Was conducted exploratory and qualitative research; data collection techniques were interview and document analysis. Were taken sample, 7 teachers who teach the discipline in 7 courses in accounting sciences in HEI in the region in 2015. It requested the teaching plans to 7 teachers. The results showed that 42.85% are accountants, 42.85% has Masters, 71.42% have up to 6 years of experience. In teaching strategies and evaluation, expositive classes and exercises were the most mentioned. All use tests, practical exercises and assignments. Regarding workload, 71.42% have reported failure. As for literature, lack autonomy of teachers, most use outdated plans. As for NBCT16, 57.14% say they consider the program. About the last question, it was sought to go deeper concerning what??s taught, 100% do not address differences between MCASP and IPSAS, 42,85% use the current subsystems and property aspects. It got to the conclusion and, it??s recommended, changing plans after 6 months, sources?? inclusion teacher autonomy in preparing the plan, expansion of the workload and expansion of content regarding on MCASP / IFAC / NBCT16. Though there??s an affirmation from all teachers that applied content so far meets the demands of the contests for Accountant, the results demonstrate that there are need to expand the expertise to students. / Devido a Contabilidade Governamental Brasileira convergir ??s IPSAS, criaram-se diversas normas, impactando Demonstrativos e Subsistemas. Entretanto, existem aspectos conflitantes e as IES devem preparar o egresso com conhecimentos necess??rios. Isso posto, esta pesquisa objetiva identificar a percep????o dos professores de contabilidade governamental sobre as condi????es de ensino e necessidade da disciplina em Cursos de Ci??ncias Cont??beis na regi??o da Baixada Santista. No alcance deste, realizaram-se: pesquisa explorat??ria, qualitativa, t??cnicas de coleta de dados de entrevista e an??lise documental. Na amostra, 7 docentes que lecionaram a disciplina em 7 cursos de ci??ncias cont??beis nas IES da regi??o em 2015. Solicitou-se os planos de ensino aos 7 docentes. Os resultados demonstraram que 42,85% s??o Contadores, 42,85% possuem Mestrado, 71,42% tem at?? 6 anos de experi??ncia. Nas estrat??gias de ensino e avalia????o, aula expositiva e exerc??cios foram os mais mencionados. Todos utilizam provas, exerc??cios pr??ticos e trabalhos. Na carga hor??ria, 71,42%, relatam insufici??ncia. Quanto a bibliografia, falta autonomia dos professores, a maioria utiliza planos desatualizados. Quanto ??s NBCT16, 57,14%, dizem considerar no programa. Na ??ltima quest??o, buscou-se aprofundar o conte??do lecionado, 100% n??o abordam diferen??as entre MCASP e IPSAS, 42,85% abordam subsistemas atuais e aspectos patrimoniais. Conclui-se e recomenda-se, planos alterados semestralmente, inclus??o de fontes, autonomia do docente na elabora????o do plano, amplia????o da carga hor??ria e amplia????o de conte??do quanto ao MCASP/IFAC/NBCT16. Embora h?? a afirma????o de todos os professores de que o conte??do aplicado atende as exig??ncias dos concursos para Contador, os resultados demonstram necessidade em ampliar os conhecimentos necess??rios aos discentes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoAS_DISSERT.pdf: 3060399 bytes, checksum: 659289bc757f2443a1b6902094747b13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / This work approaches the Scheduling Workover Rigs Problem (SWRP) to maintain the wells of an oil field, although difficult to resolve, is extremely important economical, technical and environmental. A mathematical formulation of this problem is presented, where an algorithmic approach was developed. The problem can be considered to find the best scheduling service to the wells by the workover rigs, taking into account the minimization of the composition related to the costs of the workover rigs and the total loss of oil suffered by the wells. This problem is similar to the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), which is classified as belonging to the NP-hard class. The goal of this research is to develop an algorithmic approach to solve the SWRP, using the fundamentals of metaheuristics like Memetic Algorithm and GRASP. Instances are generated for the tests to analyze the computational performance of the approaches mentioned above, using data that are close to reality. Thereafter, is performed a comparison of performance and quality of the results obtained by each one of techniques used / O trabalho em quest?o aborda o Problema da Programa??o das Sondas de Produ??o (PPSP) para atender os po?os de um campo de petr?leo. Embora de dif?cil resolu??o, ele ? de extrema import?ncia econ?mica, t?cnica e ambiental. Uma formula??o matem?tica deste problema ? apresentada, assim como desenvolvida uma abordagem algor?tmica. O problema abordado pode ser considerado como o de encontrar o melhor escalonamento de atendimento aos po?os pelas sondas, levando em considera??o a minimiza??o da composi??o dos custos relativos ?s sondas e da perda total da produ??o de petr?leo associada aos po?os que est?o aguardando por atendimento. Tal problema assemelha-se ao Problema de Roteamento de Ve?culos (PRV), que ? classificado como pertencente ? classe de problemas NP-Dif?cil. O objetivo da presente pesquisa ? desenvolver uma abordagem algor?tmica para resolver o PPSP, utilizando os fundamentos de metaheur?sticas como o Algoritmo Mem?tico e o GRASP. Inst?ncias s?o geradas para a realiza??o dos testes computacionais para an?lise do desempenho das abordagens acima citadas, utilizando dados que se aproximam da realidade. A partir da?, ? realizada uma compara??o de desempenho e qualidade dos resultados obtidos por cada uma das t?cnicas utilizadas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerbertMD.pdf: 1096047 bytes, checksum: 6cf0c7d90914e2c3fd03f494b71cfa3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-16 / This work consists on the study of two important problems arising from the operations of petroleum and natural gas industries. The first problem the pipe dimensioning problem on constrained gas distribution networks consists in finding the least cost combination of diameters from a discrete set of commercially available ones for the pipes of a given gas network, such that it respects minimum pressure requirements at each demand node and upstream pipe conditions. On its turn, the second problem the piston pump unit routing problem comes from the need of defining the piston pump unit routes for visiting a number of non-emergent wells in on-shore fields, i.e., wells which don t have enough pressure to make the oil emerge to surface. The periodic version of this problem takes into account the wells re-filling equation to provide a more accurate planning in the long term. Besides the mathematical formulation of both problems, an exact algorithm and a taboo search were developed for the solution of the first problem and a theoretical limit and a ProtoGene transgenetic algorithm were developed for the solution of the second problem. The main concepts of the metaheuristics are presented along with the details of their application to the cited problems. The obtained results for both applications are promising when compared to theoretical limits and alternate solutions, either relative to the quality of the solutions or to associated running time / Este trabalho consiste do estudo de dois importantes problemas oriundos das opera??es das ind?strias de petr?leo e g?s natural. O primeiro problema do dimensionamento de dutos em uma rede urbana de distribui??o de g?s natural consiste em encontrar a combina??o de di?metros de menor custo, a partir de um conjunto de op??es comercialmente dispon?veis, para os dutos de uma dada rede de distribui??o de g?s, de forma a respeitar requisitos de press?o m?nima em cada n? de demanda e condi??es de upstream. Por sua vez, o segundo problema do roteamento da unidade m?vel do pistoneio decorre da necessidade de se definir as rotas de visita??o da dita unidade m?vel do pistoneio aos diversos po?os n?o surgentes do campo de explora??o, ou seja, po?os que n?o possuem press?o suficiente para fazer o ?leo emergir ? superf?cie. A vers?o peri?dica do problema leva em considera??o a equa??o de re-enchimento dos po?os, de forma a possibilitar um planejamento mais acurado num horizonte de tempo maior. Al?m da formula??o matem?tica dos dois problemas, para a solu??o do primeiro foram desenvolvidos um algoritmo exato e uma busca tabu e para o segundo, um limite superior e um algoritmo transgen?tico ProtoGene. Os principais conceitos das metaheur?sticas s?o apresentados, juntamente com os detalhes da aplica??o destas aos problemas citados. Os resultados obtidos para ambas as aplica??es s?o promissores quando comparados com limites te?ricos e solu??es alternativas, tanto relativamente ? qualidade das solu??es como ao tempo computacional envolvido

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaDSF_DISSERT.pdf: 862759 bytes, checksum: d1e5a8faf841592d593e48b4f4218e61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This paper aims to propose a hybrid meta-heuristics for the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem (HVRP), which is a combinatorial optimization problem NP-hard, and is characterized by the use of a limited fleet consists of different vehicles with different capacities. The hybrid method developed makes use of a memetic algorithm associated with the component optimizer Vocabulary Building. The resulting hybrid meta-heuristic was implemented in the programming language C + + and computational experiments generated good results in relation to meta-heuristic applied in isolation, proving the efficiency of the proposed method. / O presente trabalho visa propor uma meta-heur?stica h?brida para o Problema de Roteamento de Ve?culos com Frotas Heterog?neas (PRVFH), que ? um problema de otimiza??o combinat?ria NP-dif?cil, e que se caracteriza pelo uso de uma frota limitada composta por ve?culos distintos com capacidades distintas. O m?todo h?brido desenvolvido utiliza-se de um algoritmo mem?tico associado ao componente otimizador Vocabulary Building. A meta-heur?stica h?brida resultante foi implementada na linguagem de programa??o C++ e os experimentos computacionais geraram bons resultados em rela??o ? meta-heur?stica aplicada isoladamente, comprovando a efici?ncia do m?todo proposto.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoPLN_DISSERT.pdf: 2086259 bytes, checksum: 2a57554e118e00d9a44cdf572e29af7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This paper presents metaheuristic strategies based on the framework of evolutionary algorithms (Genetic and Memetic) with the addition of Technical Vocabulary Building for solving the Problem of Optimizing the Use of Multiple Mobile Units Recovery of Oil (MRO units). Because it is an NP-hard problem, a mathematical model is formulated for the problem, allowing the construction of test instances that are used to validate the evolutionary metaheuristics developed / O presente trabalho apresenta estrat?gias metaheur?sticas baseadas no framework dos Algoritmos Evolutivos (Gen?ticos e Mem?ticos) com a adi??o da t?cnica Vocabulary Building para a resolu??o do Problema de Otimiza??o do Emprego de Unidades M?veis de Pistoneio (UMPs). Por se tratar de um problema NP-?rduo, uma modelagem matem?tica ? formulada para o problema, permitindo a constru??o de inst?ncias testes que s?o utilizadas para validar as metaheur?sticas evolutivas desenvolvidas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoPAB.pdf: 1121359 bytes, checksum: 0140c2cdd16358b4d1f4ee69b79c5b3c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Large efforts have been maden by the scientific community on tasks involving locomotion of mobile robots. To execute this kind of task, we must develop to the robot the ability of navigation through the environment in a safe way, that is, without collisions with the objects. In order to perform this, it is necessary to implement strategies that makes possible to detect obstacles. In this work, we deal with this problem by proposing a system that is able to collect sensory information and to estimate the possibility for obstacles to occur in the mobile robot path. Stereo cameras positioned in parallel to each other in a structure coupled to the robot are employed as the main sensory device, making possible the generation of a disparity map. Code optimizations and a strategy for data reduction and abstraction are applied to the images, resulting in a substantial gain in the execution time. This makes possible to the high level decision processes to execute obstacle deviation in real time. This system can be employed in situations where the robot is remotely operated, as well as in situations where it depends only on itself to generate trajectories (the autonomous case) / Grandes esfor?os t?m sido despendidos pela comunidade cient?fica em tarefas de locomo??o de rob?s m?veis. Para a execu??o deste tipo de tarefa, devemos desenvolver no rob? a habilidade de navega??o no ambiente de forma segura, isto ?, sem que haja colis?es contra objetos. Para que isto seja realizado, faz-se necess?rio implementar estrat?gias que possibilitem a detec??o de obst?culos. Neste trabalho, abordamos este problema, propondo um sistema capaz de coletar informa??es sensoriais e estimar a possibilidade de ocorr?ncia de obst?culos no percurso de um rob? m?vel. C?meras est?reo, posicionadas paralelamente uma ? outra, numa estrutura acoplada ao rob?, s?o empregadas como o dispositivo sensorial principal, pos- sibilitando a gera??o de um mapa de disparidades. Otimiza??es de c?digo e uma estrat?gia de redu??o e abstra??o de dados s?o aplicadas ?s imagens, resultando num ganho substancial no tempo de execu??o. Isto torna poss?vel aos processos de decis?o de mais alto n?vel executar o desvio de obst?culos em tempo real. Este sistema pode ser empregado em situa??es onde o rob? seja tele-operado, bem como em situa??es onde ele dependa de si pr?prio para gerar trajet?rias (no caso aut?nomo)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerminioPB.pdf: 3768069 bytes, checksum: 694372597a20b234c0403ab08b7bc801 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The fast urban occupation of Brazil, mainly from the last decade of 50, a sensible degradation of the quality of the air generated mainly for the activities was verified human beings associates to industrialization. From the past years, the situation has gotten worst in function of the increment of the fleet of vehicles in circulation in the great cities. Being these, in the city of Natal-RN, the ones that offer the biggest contributions to the atmospheric pollution. For atmospheric air to be a finite natural resources, indispensable and essential to the maintenance of the life in the land, is necessary to the implementation of action to improve its quality and to protect the health of the population. With the objective to study relative aspects to the characteristics of vehicles in use, the present study it searchs to analyze the levels of emissions of gases generated for vehicles converted bi-fuels into the modalities: natural gas (GNV), gasoline and alcohol, inspected for ends of register and together licensing to the State Department of Transit. One used the data gotten from inspections carried through for the company System Specialized in Inspection To propagate, in the city of the Natal-RN, capital of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, between 14 of November of 2003 and 30 of December of 2004. The analyzed parameters are established in the resolution n? 07/93 CONAMA. Of a total of 1.517 inspected vehicles, a average of 15,2% of failed was gotten, or either, that they emit levels of pollution above of the limits established for the legislation, below of the national average that is of 20,0%. The analysis of the data discloses that 7.3% of the fleet are converted the GNV; the growth of vehicles converted the GNV into the city is gradual, with a average of increment in last the 4 years of 23,3%; it has a vehicle predominance that has as combustible original to the gasoline (88,2%); the inspected fleet has average age of 8 years of use, considered young for the Brazilian standards, except for the moved one to the alcohol (average of use of 15 years). Moreover, the type of fuel is not the main parameter to define the indices of emissions; the age of the fleet is the parameter most important when emission is analyzed to propagate; the gas that more generates failed in the inspections is the corrected carbon monoxide; the vehicles generate higher indices of emissions in idling for all the fuels; the presence of the catalyser was not reflected, as it expected, in the reduction of emissions of gases toxic, however when analyzed according to year of manufacture, it was observed that for the vehicles manufactured between 1997 and 2004, reduction of 46,0% in the failed of the vehicles equipped with catalyser was gotten. In conclusion, the fleet of the studied sample, in average terms, takes care of to the requirements of Resolution CONAMA n? 07/93. The results gotten for the present study can subsidize action of public administrations that aim at to the improvement and the maintenance of the quality of air in the city of Natal-RN, as, for example, to implant a net of monitoramento of the quality of air / Com a r?pida ocupa??o urbana do Brasil, notadamente a partir da ?ltima d?cada de 50, verificou-se uma sens?vel degrada??o da qualidade do ar gerada principalmente pelas atividades humanas associadas ? industrializa??o. Ao longo dos anos, esta situa??o tem se agravado em fun??o do incremento da frota de ve?culos automotores em circula??o nas grandes cidades. Sendo estes, na cidade de Natal-RN, os que oferecem as maiores contribui??es ? polui??o atmosf?rica. Pelo ar atmosf?rico ser um recurso natural finito, indispens?vel e essencial ? manuten??o da vida na terra, ? necess?ria ? implementa??o de a??es para melhorar sua qualidade e proteger a sa?de da popula??o. Com o objetivo de estudar aspectos relativos as caracter?sticas de ve?culos automotores em uso, o presente estudo busca analisar os n?veis de emiss?es de gases gerados por ve?culos automotores convertidos a bi-combust?veis nas modalidades: G?s Natural Veicular, Gasolina e ?lcool, inspecionados para fins de registro e licenciamento junto ao Departamento Estadual de Tr?nsito do Rio Grande do Norte. Utilizaram-se os dados obtidos a partir de inspe??es realizadas pela empresa Sistema Especializado em Inspe??o Veicular, na cidade do Natal, capital do Rio Grande do Norte, entre os dias 14 de novembro de 2003 e 30 de dezembro de 2004. Os par?metros analisados foram os estabelecidos na resolu??o n? 07/93 CONAMA. De um total de 1.517 ve?culos inspecionados, obteve-se uma m?dia de 15,2% de reprova??o, ou seja, que emitem n?veis de polui??o acima dos limites estabelecidos pela legisla??o, abaixo da m?dia nacional que ? de 20,0%. A an?lise dos dados revela que 7,3% da frota ? convertida a GNV; o crescimento da frota de ve?culos convertidos a GNV na cidade, ? progressivo, com uma m?dia de incremento nos ?ltimos 4 anos de 23,3%; h? um predom?nio de ve?culos que t?m como combust?vel original a gasolina (88,2%); a frota inspecionada tem idade m?dia de 8 anos de uso, considerada jovem para os padr?es brasileiros, exceto para a movida ? ?lcool (m?dia de uso 15 anos). Al?m disso, tipo de combust?vel n?o ? o principal par?metro para se definir os ?ndices de emiss?es; a idade da frota ? o par?metro mais importante quando se analisa emiss?o veicular; o g?s que mais gera reprova??o nas inspe??es ? o mon?xido de carbono corrigido; os ve?culos geram ?ndices mais elevados de emiss?es em marcha lenta para todos os combust?veis; a presen?a do catalisador n?o se refletiu, como se esperava, na redu??o de emiss?es de gases t?xicos, por?m quando analisado segundo o ano de fabrica??o, observou-se que para os ve?culos fabricados entre 1997 e 2004, houve uma redu??o de 46,0% nas reprova??es dos ve?culos equipados com catalisador. Em conclus?o, a frota estudada em m?dia atende as exig?ncias da Resolu??o CONAMA n? 07/93. Os resultados apresentados no presente estudo podem subsidiar a??es de gest?es p?blicas que visem ? melhoria e a manuten??o da qualidade do ar na cidade de Natal, como, por exemplo, implantar uma rede de monitoramento da qualidade do ar