Magíster en Análisis Sistémico Aplicado a la Sociedad / A principios del 2000 la industria de la música a nivel mundial sufre una profunda crisis en el sector asociado a la producción discográfica. A raíz de esta crisis, se consolida la producción de discos independientes en la industria de la música. En este contexto, los músicos que producen discos independientes buscan diversas formas de financiamiento, en donde se destaca el aporte de privados, el uso de fondos públicos, y el financiamiento auto gestionado. En consideración de esto, durante el año 2009 en Chile se implementa el Fondo de la Música, como política de desarrollo cultural y económico que financia diferentes proyectos musicales. Dado estos antecedentes, aparece la interrogante que hace referencia a la influencia que mantiene este fondo, considerando las dinámicas propias de una política pública, sobre la producción de música en términos estético-musicales. Para investigar esto, se utilizan elementos desde la Teoría de Sistemas Sociales, haciendo referencia al “sistema arte/música”, y sus auto-irritaciones sobre las “comunicaciones musicales autopoiéticas”, de los proyectos adjudicados en el fondo. De esta forma, se realizan observaciones de segundo orden, sobre las auto-irritaciones generadas por el acoplamiento estructural entre el sistema arte/música y el Fondo de la música. Cabe destacar que dentro del fondo de la música existen nueve líneas de trabajo, y que en esta investigación se centra selecciona la línea: Producción musical, edición y distribución, ya que es la única línea de trabajo que financia la producción de música con características autopoiéticas, en torno al sistema arte/música

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This thesis aims to understand how Manonnye Gorge in eastern Botswana can be sustainably managed as both a natural and cultural landscape. At issue are conflicting views over the meaning and legitimate uses of the Gorge by the National Museum, Monuments and Art Gallery (NMMAG), tourists, and the community in Moremi, at the edge of the gorge. Regional survey in the gorge and ethnographic research with the Moremi community led to a more complex understanding of how conflicting perceptions of the gorge as a sacred cultural landscape by community members and as a natural monument by NMMAG have affected implementation of ecotourism projects. The thesis critiques the idea of the gorge as simply a natural monument and provides recommendations for reassessing management plans and ecotourism projects.

Evolved in the 60s (1966-1976), the Cultural Revolution opened a mysterious and deep chapter not merely in modern Chinese history, but also in World history. Cultural Revolution's core is violent. This phenomenon hit deeply into china's political and economic system, society's order, and cultural tradition. Millions of people had been sacrificed in this huge and irrational ritual. Yet, the illusive impression towards this Cultural Revolution doesn't result from people's scattered or mixed up memories, but from the way China dealt with it. For forty years, the collective memory of the Cultural Revolution has been fading. However, massive trauma still remains. Memories of this Cultural Revolution provides not only the research of Cultural Revolution but also gives a way to peep through via its special narrative mode and depth, avoiding political testifying. Whether those writers use "Transcendental skill" (like Jung Chang, Xu You Yu), " Reproductive method" (like Ji shian Lin, Yang Jiang), or the "Hemi-Transcendental skill" (like Pa Kin, Yang Xiao Kai) that involves above mentioned techniques, they all faithfully show us their personal philosophical thinking of that special time. Using four dimensions as reference: social status in the Cultural Revolution, writer's nationality, writer's identity (official scholar/ free writer), and area of publication, this thesis will show how the prevalent western social science value affects those people who have experienced this Cultural Revolution. Finally, this thesis shows how one's identity can be regarded as a writing strategy. History can be a mentor to the future. For truely healing the trauma, we shouldn't forget such important experience. By their retrospection, people who lived during that period lead readers into that special irrational, rush, unprecendented period.

This thesis argues that there is an emerging field of international cultural policy in Canada informed by ongoing changes in the pattern of policy making. Caught between old nationalist discourses of a unified Canadian nation, and the rapidly changing global environment, the Canadian cultural policy makers struggle to make Canadian culture survive both at home and abroad. In this research, international cultural policy will refer to cultural policy designed by the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade and the Department of Canadian Heritage. Moving beyond a simple empirical analysis of policy, this thesis adopts Tony Bennett's definition of the governmentalization of culture applying a Foucauldian governmental rationality line of thinking. Looking at how cultural creation is being governed through discursive formations, various conceptualisations, techniques, institutional arrangements, participating actors and government initiatives, this thesis maps out international cultural policy as an emerging governmental practice in Canada.

This qualitative research project explores the multicultural awareness development of white counsellors. Participants for this study consisted of 16 multiculturally competent counsellors. The data was analyzed using grounded theory methodology. Early personal experiences with differences in which they were sensitized to social injustices were the most important contributor to their multicultural awareness development. This factor appeared to lay the foundation for an ongoing personal initiative to develop multicultural awareness in which they maximized what they could learn from their culturally diverse clients, work environments, coursework, supervision, and mentoring opportunities. Their personal initiative also inspired them to persevere despite the difficult emotions and conflict inherent in this developmental process.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master Degree in Recreation and Tourism in the Department of Recreation and Tourism at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2012. / This research study was conducted with the view of investigating the Morija Arts and Cultural Festival as tourist attraction. Morija community has staged the event for more than ten (10) years. It was first held in 1999, but it seems that the event has not shown the great potential to the Morija communities. The broad intention of the study was to reveal the barriers and come up with a strategy, which would mobilise the potential of the cultural festival towards benefiting the local communities, tourists and other stakeholders. It is further the intention of this study to close the gaps which are existing in the management of the Morija Arts and Cultural Festival as tourist attraction in Lesotho.

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