The aim of this paper is to investigate if a revaluation of the Chinese renminbi is in China’s interest and whether or not a renminbi revaluation can contribute to correct the US current account deficit. For that purpose, advantages and disadvantages of a revaluation for China are discussed. Furthermore, the fundamental causes of the US current account deficit are analysed to evaluate to what extent a renminbi revaluation can correct this imbalance. The discussion is based on previous research in this area. The main result is that a revaluation of the Chinese renminbi is primarily beneficial for China. Additionally it is found that the fundamental causes of the US current account deficit are domestic macroeconomic conditions and not China’s exchange rate policy. Nevertheless, a renminbi revaluation can help to support to correct the imbalance situation. As evidence is found that a revaluation is beneficial for China, it is further analysed how the revaluation should be practically obtained. The basic result is that the renminbi revaluation should be initiated by more exchange rate flexibility rather than by a one-step appreciation.

This study aims to analyze the determinants of the current account deficits for a broad samples of industrial and developing countries for the period 1984-2001. Using a dynamic panel data estimation procedure, we try to unfold the impact of several macro economic and institutional variables on current account deficits. In this context, we also examine the validity of Feldstein Horioka puzzle and its relevance to the current account imbalances. Results show that better governance, a more sophisticated financial system, relatively larger country size and deterioration in the terms of trade are associated with higher current account deficits. On the other hand, exchange rate regime flexibility, openness to foreign trade and depreciation of the real exchange rate lead to smaller current account deficits. We also find that the saving investment relationship is still considerably high both in the short run and in the long run.

<p>The aim of this paper is to investigate if a revaluation of the Chinese renminbi is in China’s interest and whether or not a renminbi revaluation can contribute to correct the US current account deficit. For that purpose, advantages and disadvantages of a revaluation for China are discussed. Furthermore, the fundamental causes of the US current account deficit are analysed to evaluate to what extent a renminbi revaluation can correct this imbalance. The discussion is based on previous research in this area. The main result is that a revaluation of the Chinese renminbi is primarily beneficial for China. Additionally it is found that the fundamental causes of the US current account deficit are domestic macroeconomic conditions and not China’s exchange rate policy. Nevertheless, a renminbi revaluation can help to support to correct the imbalance situation. As evidence is found that a revaluation is beneficial for China, it is further analysed how the revaluation should be practically obtained. The basic result is that the renminbi revaluation should be initiated by more exchange rate flexibility rather than by a one-step appreciation.</p>

This study aims to analyze the causes and consequences of sudden stops in international capital flows with special reference to the recent Turkish experience. We aim to investigate also the vulnerability of the Turkish economy to a sudden stop and compute the required change in the real exchange rates for a current account adjustment in the face of a sudden stop. The assessment of the economic and structural indicators, which are assumed to be related with the resilience of the economy against sudden stops, such as openness and dollarization, refers that the risk of experiencing a sudden stop has increased in Turkey in the last two years, despite a decrease in its exposure to the destructive effects of such shocks thanks to the structural improvements in the economy. Our empirical results based on a small open economy model with tradables and non-tradables suggest that a sudden stop that requires the closing of the current account imbalance in Turkey would necessitate a real depreciation of around 36 percent as of May 2008 under the assumption that international reserves were not used in order to mitigate the level and the effects of the adjustment. Although the effects of such a real depreciation may be milder due to the decreased currency mismatches in the public and banking sector, there is still the risk of experiencing a financial crisis following a sudden stop because of the high liability dollarization in the real sector.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the pattern of speculation-led growth in Turkey. It is dependent on international capital flows, whose continuity becomes more and more critical given the current account deficit, which is estimated to reach 6.1% as a ratio to GDP at the end of 2005. The paper assesses the sustainability of this speculation-led growth in the context of EU enlargement and compares the current state of fragility with former crises in Turkey as well as in East Asia and Latin America. Following a severe financial crisis in 2001, Turkey has entered a new phase of fragile growth led by boom-euphoric expectations. The paper aims at explaining this new phase and the evolution of the risk perceptions of both the creditors as well as the debtors in this "speculation game" based on the post-Keynesian/Minskyan concepts of endogenous expectations and financial fragility. (author's abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

The aim of this paper is to analyze the fragility of the New Member States and accession countries in the Central Eastern and South Eastern European countries (henceforth Eastern Europe) to the turbulences in the global economy and the changes in the direction of the international capital flows. (author's abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第19950号 / 経博第537号 / 新制||経||278(附属図書館) / 33046 / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 宇仁 宏幸, 准教授 矢野 剛, 准教授 COLPAN Meziyet Asli / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DGAM

經濟失衡的議題在20世紀末受到注意，泛指先進國家與新興國家經常帳發展不對稱的情形，尤以美國經常帳赤字的惡化為核心。 由於經濟失衡的現象讓未來全球的經濟成長添加了變數，經濟失衡的原因即成為專家學者間熱烈討論的議題；其中以儲蓄和投資相關的討論最多。有不少學者認為導致全球經常帳失衡的原因是美國儲蓄太低且過度消費，中國為首等新興國家卻又過度儲蓄、投資不足。作者則認為英國、日本為融通美國經常帳赤字的重要來源；先進的小國（盧森堡、新加坡、南韓、比利時）集中投資美國也是造成美國鉅額經常帳赤字的主要原因之一。另外，隨著能源價格的飆漲，油元的勢力以及其對全球經濟失衡現象所造成的影響也不容小覷。 本文以貿易依存度的高低區分出「外貿型」與「內需型」的國家，並且觀察到國際間資金淨流動的方向大致符合以下的趨勢：「外貿型」的國家傾向融資「內需型」的國家；同時金融規模較小的國家融資金融規模較大的國家。另外，金融部門的規模也和跨國資金移動的規模有關。金融規模越大的國家，跨國移動的資金規模越龐大。針對以上的觀察，作者從資金的供給與需求以及金融部門的功能提出解釋。

The aim of this thesis is to focus on external imbalance and fiscal imbalance, which are recognized to be the cause of financial crisis in Europe, in Slovakia and Estonia. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to provide a theoretical background of external imbalance of current account deficit and deficit of balance of payment. As well to provide the definition of causes and consequences of creation of state budget, public debt and graphic interpretation of economic tools by using IS-LM-BP model. The aim of the practical part of my thesis is based on analysis of balance of, deficit of state budget and public debt of Slovakia and Estonia. I particularly focused on processes that vanish the imbalances by financing with and without debt, market equalization process and active economic policy. Furthermore, I designed a graphic evolution of Slovakia and Estonia in the period of time after the spread of financial crisis by using the IS-LM-BP model.