Seven male subjects exercised for 1, 3, 10 and 20 min on a cycle ergometer at 20, 60 and 80% {Mathematical expression}, and then held to fatigue a sustained contraction of the quadriceps at 40% maximal voluntary contraction in order to determine what influence various levels of dynamic exercise would have on isometric function of the same group of muscles. Muscle temperature was measured before and within 15 s of the completion of the cycling to determine whether changes in muscle temperature might influence the subsequent isometric perormance. Isometric endurance was shorter as the severity of the cycling increased beyond 20% {Mathematical expression}, and as the duration of cycling increased up to 10 min. There were discrete linear relationships between muscle temperature and isometric endurance associated with cycling at 60% and 80% {Mathematical expression}. There was a direct inverse relationship between quadriceps strength after cycling and muscle temperature, yet a significant reduction in strength occurred only after cycling at 80% {Mathematical expression}. These results suggest that the encroachment on endurance and strength are controlled by different mechanisms. The heart rates during the isometric contractions were dependent on the preceding rhythmic exercise and decreased after exercise at 60 or 80% {Mathematical expression}. In contrast, the blood pressure always increased during the isometric contractions, reaching similar values at the point of fatigue, regardless of the severity of the previous rhythmic exercise. These data provide additional evidence that separate mechanisms control changes in heart rate and blood pressure.

The purpose of this study was to develop a multiple linear regression model to predict treadmill VO2max scores using both exercise and nonexercise data. One hundred five college-aged participants (53 male, 52 female, mean age 23.5 ± 2.8 yrs) successfully completed a submaximal cycle ergometer test and a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) on a motorized treadmill. The submaximal cycle protocol required participants to achieve a steady-state heart rate (HR) equal to at least 70% of age-predicted maximum HR (220-age), while the maximal treadmill GXT required participants to exercise to volitional fatigue. Relevant submaximal cycle ergometer test data included a mean (± SD) ending steady-state HR and ending workrate equal to 164.2 ± 13.0 and 115.3 ± 27.0, respectively. Relevant nonexercise data included a mean (± SD) body mass (kg), perceived functional ability [PFA] score, and physical activity rating [PA-R] score of 74.2 ± 15.1, 15.7 ± 4.3, and 4.7 ± 2.1, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to generate the following prediction of cardiorespiratory fitness (R = 0.91, SEE = 3.36 ml∙kg-¹∙min-¹): VO2max = 54.513 + 9.752 (gender, 1 = male, 0 = female) − 0.297 (body mass, kg) + 0.739 (PFA, 2-26) + 0.077 (work rate, watts) − 0.072 (steady-state HR). Each predictor variable was statistically significant (p < .05) with beta weights for gender, body mass, PFA, exercise workrate, and steady-state HR equal to 0.594, -0.544, 0.388, 0.305, and -0.116, respectively. The predicted residual sums of squares (PRESS) statistics reflected minimal shrinkage (RPRESS = 0.90, SEEPRESS = 3.56 ml∙kg-¹∙min-¹) for the multiple linear regression model. In summary, the submaximal cycle ergometer protocol and accompanying prediction model yield relatively accurate VO2max estimates in healthy college-aged participants using both exercise and nonexercise data.

Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on a heart rate, especially its parameters, measurement methods and regulation. Moreover describes maximal heart rate issue. Practical part was performed as an experimental measurement of maximal heart rate level of 40 healthy adult probands (20 men and 20 women) between the ages of twenty and forty. Maximal heart rate was measured by telemetry meter FT4 Polar ® in 3 types of exercise tests - running, ergometer cycling and swimming. Results were statistically processed. Study confirmed significant differences in maximal heart rate during running, ergometer cycling and swimming. Highest heart rate was reached while running for 95% of measured volunteers and the lowest heart rate was reached during swimming for 98% of probands. The objective of this thesis was a comparison of reached heart rates during different exercise tests and highlight the evidence of dissimilar maximal heart rate during different exercises. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Syfte Syftet är att undersöka Per-Olof och Irma Åstrands tillvägagångssätt vid skapandet av det submaxirnala cykelergometertest som kallas "Åstrandstestet" samt att reflektera övertestets validitet och reliabilitet. Metod Studien är baserad på litteraturstudier samt en djupintervju med Per-Olof Åstrand. Samtal har förts med Sture Malmgren, en av författarna till boken Konditionstest på cykel samt med Per-Olof Åstrand för att undvika oklarheter. Resultat Vårt huvudfynd visar att vid den ursprungliga utformningen och framtagningen av det submaximala cykelergometertest som kallas Åstrandstestet, genomfördes flera submaximala tester där resultaten från försökspersonernas första test exkluderades. Alla personer som testas submaximalt med hjälp av Åstrandstestet så som det används idag, då resultaten från det första testet används, kan få ett felaktigt värde, I dagsläget finns inga studier som visar hur stort felet kan bli eftersom olika människor påverkas olika av exempelvis nervositet. Därför är det svårt för författarna till detta examensarbete att bedöma vilken betydelse exkluderingen av det första testet har för testets noggrannhet. Slutsats Om Åstrandstestet ska användas som metod för att uppskatta en persons maximala syreupptagningsförmåga är det av största vikt att det används på ett sätt som minskar felmarginalerna. För att uppnå detta bör man låta försökspersonen göra ett förtest för att vänja sig vid metod, utrustning och försöksledare.