Thesis (doctoral)--Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin, 1857. / Vita. Includes quotations in Greek. Includes bibliographical references.

This thesis is concerned with the ancient Greek conceptualization of fate and death, as explored through the figure of the daimon in literature from Homer and Hesiod to Plato and Euripides. Filling a gap in scholarship, I elucidate the spectrum of meaning inherent in the word daimon, and how it shifts over time. From the Archaic to the Classical period the word daimon is found as a synonym for theos, “god”, as a vocative address, or in reference to “fate” and the generalized “will of heaven.” At the same time, a particular group of divine personifications, including Thanatos, Moira, Ker, and Erinys are counted as daimones. We also find the term used to designate unnamed but individuated lesser divinities, guardian spirits, and demonic possessors, and even as the divine aspect of the self. In the early Archaic poets these latter categories are only nascent. The individuated daimon becomes the focus of the lyric poets and pre-Socratic philosophers; in the later pre-Socratics the daimon begins to be internalized, moving from possessive spirit to psychic force. Tragedy meanwhile focuses on the daimon as a force of retribution, as curse or afflicting demon. It is Plato who explores and expands upon all of these categories, crystallizing the notion of the internalized daimon, as reconceived in the context of his philosophical eschatology. Chapters 1 and 2 provide surveys of the word daimon diachronically in each of these genres, mapping the expanding continuum of meaning. Chapter 3 explores the personifications of fate, doom, and death, and their place in this daimonic framework. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

These are stories about absurd societies, wigs, ill-fated journeys, guttering candles, obsessed fathers, direful glances, tornadoes, uniforms, strange logic, arcane hierarchies, captivity, the impossible, spectral animals, fields, and red light. They take place in invented or imagined historical settings.

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Orientador: Pedro Angelo Pagni / Resumo: Esta tese é uma investigação transversal entre os campos da Educação, da Filosofia e da Magia. O percurso singular de minha existência, aliado à percepção da emergência de saberes e práticas da magia enquanto possibilidade de resistência à biopolítica e ao neoliberalismo na atualidade, possibilitou enunciar a problemática de pesquisa nos seguintes termos: Como a relação entre filosofia e magia permite experimentarmos outra educação filosófica no tempo presente? O meu objetivo geral é desenvolver usos aproximados entre magia e filosofia que problematizem práticas vigentes em nossa formação acadêmica em filosofia. Experimento a hipótese de que tornar visível a ética do cuidado de si em sua dimensão arcaica – cronologia emergente da filosofia ocidental - permite uma integração ao campo da magia como possibilidade de ensaiar um tipo de educação filosófica que amplia o conjunto de técnicas de si para além do pensamento crítico e do humanismo como paradigma epistemológico e disciplinar que nos subjetiva atualmente. Penso o cuidado de si enredado a dois conceitos-chave que a ele se relacionam no período arcaico: o daimon e os sonhos. A especificidade de meu objeto convida Michel Foucault como o principal referencial teórico de tese, mas exige que eu pense com e para além dele. Tal movimento incorre por quatro objetivos específicos, sintetizados como capítulos de tese: (1) Ensaio uma anarqueologia como procedimento e atitude de pesquisa, mostrando certa interface (in)desejável entre ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis is a transversal investigation across the fields of Education, Philosophy and Magic. The singular path of my existence, combined with the perception of the emergence of knowledge and practices of magic as a possibility of resistance to biopolitics and neoliberalism today, supported the research problem in the following terms: How does the relationship between philosophy and magic allow us to experience another philosophical education at the present time? My general objective is to develop bordering uses between magic and philosophy that problematize prevailing practices in our academic formation in philosophy. I experiment with the hypothesis that making the ethics of care of the self visible in its archaic dimension - an emerging chronology of Western philosophy - allows integration into the field of magic as a possibility to rehearse a type of philosophical education that expands the set of self-techniques beyond critical thinking and humanism as an epistemological and disciplinary paradigm that currently subjective us. I think of care of the self tied to two key concepts that relate to it in the archaic period: the daimon and dreams. The specificity of my object invites Michel Foucault as the main theoretical framework of the thesis, but it requires me to think with and beyond him. This movement arises from four specific objectives, synthesized as thesis chapters: (1) I rehearse an anarcheology as a research procedure and attitude, showing certain (un)desirable... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

As a young man of twenty-one in 1886, William Butler Yeats announced his ambition to unify Ireland through heroic poetry. But this prophetic urge lacked structure. Yeats had only some callow notions about needing self-possession and appropriate control of his imagery. As a result, his search for essential knowledge and experience soon led him into occult and symbolist vagueness. Yeats' mind grew flaccid, and his art languished in preciosity for over a decade. Lotos-eating had replaced prophetic fervor. However, early in the new century, as Yeats neared middle age and permanent mediocrity, he recovered his early zeal and finally found the means to give it artistic shape. Through daily theatre work he had discovered tragedy. And through personal trials he had developed a tragic sense. Hence, an entire tragic perspective was born, one that would dominate Yeats' mind and art the rest of his life. Locating the contours of Yeats' shift in-viewpoint, then, provides the key to understanding the man and his mature work. The present study does just that, tracing the origin, development, and elaboration of Yeats' tragic perspective, from its theoretical underpinnings to its poetic triumphs. Above all, this study supplies the basic context of Yeats* careers why he took the path he did, and how he wove all that he found along the way into a remarkable fabric.

Platon problématise un moment philosophique charnière : le coup de force donné par Socrate à la conception de l’expertise. La problématique s’inscrit, d’un point de vue externe, dans un contexte de crise des valeurs de la démocratie athénienne à la fin du Ve siècle, et d’un point de vue interne, dans l’exploitation platonicienne de l’expertise technicienne en vue d’établir une véritable epistèmè, une science-vertu. La souplesse originale de langage à laquelle Platon soumet le champ des trois termes relatifs au savoir, epistèmè, technè et sophia, participe à la problématisation de l’expertise comme mise en condition de ce qui force à penser. Une conception nouvelle de l’expertise émerge de la mise en scène, dans les dialogues de jeunesse, d’une pratique de questionnement et d’examen à laquelle tantôt Socrate se soumet lui-même, tantôt il soumet ses interlocuteurs. Cet angle d’approche tant de l’Apologie que des autres dialogues de jeunesse met en évidence des pratiques d’expertise impliquant un rapport autre à la connaissance qui est révolutionnaire : un examen critique, interrogatif et inventif, empreint de conscience de son ignorance et de souci de soi. La conception de l’expertise réévaluée est exploitée, à trois niveaux de la problématique de la justice traitée dans la République : elle intervient comme levier interrogateur des conceptions traditionnelles et sophistiques de la justice, elle participe à la compréhension de la définition de la justice et elle préside au projet de cité idéale.

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Hannah Arendt argues that political action is only meaningful through the disclosure of who the actor uniquely is, and that this disclosure is the basis of human dignity. Arendt’s notion of performative disclosure helps us to rethink the individuated actor, not as a sovereign and self-transparent subject whose action expresses an authentic individual essence or constative what, but rather as a decentered and ecstatic who whose action reveals meaningful dimensions of the world and of the actor’s unique situation in history, through the performance of acts and speech before public spectators. The idea that no actor can stand in a position of control with respect to his life story extends to a critical displacement of the notion of freedom understood as sovereignty and of political projects that attempt to make history. Action, as praxis and not poiesis, is best understood through Arendt’s metaphor of performance, rather than productive art. There are new interpretive possibilities for Arendt’s theory of action, especially if we trace appearances of the ancient Greek daimon in Arendt’s publications and lecture notes, and among works that Arendt confronted: Plato’s Socratic dialogues and the myth of Er, Heidegger’s notion of aletheia as Dasein’s disclosure of Being, Jaspers’ valid personality, and Kant’s notion of aesthetic genius. The daimon implies that the public realm is a spiritual realm, that action is a form of connection to the divine, and that the actor is a decentered discloser of transcendent meanings and new possibilities within the world. The daimon also shows moral deliberation to be more vital to meaningful action than Arendt suggests prior to The Life of the Mind, so that the distinctions usually read in Arendt between actor and spectator, as well as those between acting, thinking, and judging, may be productively occluded. Arendt’s struggle to re-invigorate action’s disclosive capacity is at the center of her entire project. It sheds light on her critique of the world-alienating aspects of Marx, her insistent protection of a distinct political sphere from the private and the social spheres, and her rejection of Hegel’s philosophy of history in favor of a fragmentary historiography inspired by Kafka and Benjamin.

Platon problématise un moment philosophique charnière :le coup de force donné par Socrate à la conception de l’expertise. La problématique s’inscrit, d’un point de vue externe, dans un contexte de crise des valeurs de la démocratie athénienne à la fin du Ve siècle, et d’un point de vue interne, dans l’exploitation platonicienne de l’expertise technicienne en vue d’établir une véritable epistèmè, une science-vertu. La souplesse originale de langage à laquelle Platon soumet le champ des trois termes relatifs au savoir, epistèmè, technè et sophia, participe à la problématisation de l’expertise comme mise en condition de ce qui force à penser. Une conception nouvelle de l’expertise émerge de la mise en scène, dans les dialogues de jeunesse, d’une pratique de questionnement et d’examen à laquelle tantôt Socrate se soumet lui-même, tantôt il soumet ses interlocuteurs. Cet angle d’approche tant de l’Apologie que des autres dialogues de jeunesse met en évidence des pratiques d’expertise impliquant un rapport autre à la connaissance qui est révolutionnaire :un examen critique, interrogatif et inventif, empreint de conscience de son ignorance et de souci de soi. La conception de l’expertise réévaluée est exploitée, à trois niveaux de la problématique de la justice traitée dans la République :elle intervient comme levier interrogateur des conceptions traditionnelles et sophistiques de la justice, elle participe à la compréhension de la définition de la justice et elle préside au projet de cité idéale.<p> / Doctorat en Philosophie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished