Possibilities of prevention reflecting geriatric principles: Functional status and depressivity in old age Hana Vaňková, MD Abstract Background: Given the population ageing in Europe and in the Czech Republic, strategies aiming to prevent functional decline in older age are of great importance. Depression in old age increases functional decline and is also associated with increased morbidity, mortality and deterioration of quality of life (Anstey et al., 2007; Karakaya et al., 2009). Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive intervention addressing both functional status and depressive symptoms. Methods: Using comprehensive geriatric assessment, the relationship between functional status and depressive symptoms was examined in 308 residents of long-term care facilities (RCFs) in the Czech Republic. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. An additional randomized control trial (RCT) evaluated the effect of a dance-based therapy on depressive symptoms in 162 institutionalized older adults with average age over 80 years. Results: A multiple regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors and for taking antidepressants found that cognitive function and functional limitation by pain were most strongly associated with depressive symptoms. The ability to...

M.A. (Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

This project presents dance as treatment for Orthorexia Nervosa, an eating disorder defined as an unhealthy obsession with healthy eating. Eating disorders disconnect body, mind, and spirit of an individual, and dance therapeutically connects these aspects. The specific effects of orthorexia on the body, mind, and spirit are analyzed; supported by evidence from research sources such as literature of books and scholarly journals, videos, an interview with board-certified dance/movement therapist Rachel Gonick-Mefferd, and a series of interviews with Dr. Thomas Doyle, in which he supplied a case study exemplifying dance as treatment for orthorexia. Conclusively, eating disorders and specifically orthorexia affect one’s entire being — physical, mental, emotional, social, spiritual health — and interfere with one’s entire life and daily functioning. Dance, as a holistic therapeutic approach, is effective in addressing and remedying every single one of these elements, healing one’s whole self. Therefore, it is suggested that dance may be an effective treatment for orthorexia.

Chan King Tak Alfred. / On double leaves. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2001-2002, design report." / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-106). / thesis statement --- p.2 / research methodology --- p.6 / interpretation in dance --- p.7 / Chapter - --- definition / Chapter - --- "thinking in folk, ballet & modern" / Chapter - --- boundary / Chapter - --- sets application / interpretation in architecture --- p.23 / Chapter - --- definition / Chapter - --- architectural theory / Chapter - --- transformation / Chapter - --- surface study / program --- p.40 / Chapter - --- program selection / Chapter - --- prcedent study / site selection & analysis --- p.51 / Chapter - --- TST East / Chapter - --- Pok Fu Lam / Chapter - --- Tai ̐ơ□ / design process --- p.69 / Chapter - --- research summary / Chapter - --- design methodology / Chapter - --- design development / Chapter - --- special study / appendix --- p.103 / Chapter - --- time schedule / Chapter - --- interview / Chapter - --- biblography

The dance is a possibility of non-verbal communication. It is supposed that, like therapy, the dance can embrace and interconnect cerebral areas which are responsible for the cognition, emotion and motor action. To investigate the effect of Dance therapy as tool for improves the quality of life, ROM and functionality of subjects with neuromotor disorders. This controlled and randomized clinical trial was composed by two groups: Dance Therapy and Kinesiotherapy. Both of them were undergone to an 1-hour treatment, twice a week, along two months. The assessment instruments used were: The questionnaire about quality of Life Short-Form 36 (Brazilian version), goniometer (to ROM), and Protocol for Evaluating Motor and Functional Performance of Durigon. The applied procedures in the groups Dance therapy and Kinesiotherapy were conducted in suitable locations for their conducts. Twenty-six subjects were proportionally allocated into two groups of study. The findings suggest impairment in quality of life in various rules in both groups when analyzed through SF-36. The worst scores of quality of life were observed for the field of physical limitation in both groups (Dance Therapy 20.76±6.76, Kinesiotherapy 37.69±8.05). Significant improvement was observed for the items functional capacity (p=0.019), general health (p=0.015), social aspects (p=0.002) and limitation for emotional aspects (p=0.039) only for the group Dance Therapy after treatment. In Group Dance Therapy the sampling variances showed significant improvements in range of motion in all joints and axes of movements (p < .05). The exception was adduction movement in the shoulder joint (p=.174 and p=.082, right and left limbs, respectively). In Group Kinesiotherapy there was significant increase in the passive range of motion in some joints of the upper (p≤.015) and some joints of the lower limbs (p≤.05). A significant enhancement was observed in all of static and dynamic functional activities (p≤.04), except to anterior (p=.083) and posterior gaits (p=.157) for the Dance Therapy group. In the Kinesiotherapy group, there was a significant improvement only for sitting (p=.016) and kneeling postures (p=.025). The Dance Therapy promoted enhancement on the quality of life, the range of motion and the static and dynamic functions in patients with brain-related neuromotor disabilities. / A dança é uma possibilidade de comunicação. Supõe-se que, como terapia, ela possa abranger e interconectar áreas cerebrais responsáveis pela cognição, emoção e ação motriz. Investigar o efeito da Dançaterapia como ferramenta para melhorar a funcionalidade, mobilidade e qualidade de vida de sujeitos com transtornos neuromotores. Este ensaio clínico, controlado e com distribuição aleatória foi composto por dois grupos: Dançaterapia e Cinesioterapia. Ambos os grupos foram tratados com duração de uma hora, duas vezes por semana, por um período de dois meses. Os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados foram: Questionário de Qualidade de Vida SF-36, goniômetro (para mobilidade articular) e avaliação funcional de Durigon. Os procedimentos aplicados nos grupos Dançaterapia e Cinesioterapia foram realizados em locais adequados para as respectivas condutas. Vinte e seis indivíduos foram proporcionalmente distribuídos nos dois grupos de pesquisa. Os resultados encontrados apontam comprometimento na qualidade de vida nos diversos domínios em ambos os grupos quando analisados através do SF-36. Os piores escores de qualidade de vida foram observados quanto ao domínio capacidade funcional em ambos os grupos (Dançaterapia: 20,76±6,76; Cinesioterapia: 37,69±8,05). Melhora estatisticamente significativa para os itens capacidade funcional (p=0,019), estado geral de saúde (p=0,015), aspectos sociais (p=0,002) e limitações por aspectos emocionais (p=0,039) apenas para o grupo Dançaterapia. No Grupo Dançaterapia, as variâncias amostrais demonstraram significativa melhora na amplitude de movimento em todas as articulações e eixos de movimento (p < 0,05). A exceção foi na articulação do ombro no movimento de adução (p=0,174 e p=0,082, membros direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). No Grupo Cinesioterapia, ocorreu acréscimo significativo da amplitude passiva de movimento em algumas articulações de membros superiores (p≤0,015) e algumas articulações de membros inferiores (p≤0,05) Os resultados encontrados apontam, no Grupo Dançaterapia, melhora significativa em todas as atividades funcionais estáticas e dinâmicas (p≤0,04), com exceção de marcha anterior (p=0,083) e posterior (p=0,157). No Grupo Cinesioterapia, houve melhora significativa para sedestação (p=0,016) e ajoelhado (p=0,025). A dança, como terapia, promoveu melhora na qualidade de vida, na mobilidade articular e na função estática e dinâmica de pacientes com transtornos neuromotores de origem cerebral.

The research presented in this thesis is an explorative study into the basic concepts and the effects of dance movement psychotherapy (DMP) intervention on the attunement behaviours of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). From a retrospective analysis of positively evaluated single cases of DMP with ASD participants, movement markers of interpersonal relating behaviours have been formulated in terms of Social Engagement and Attunement Movement (SEAM) behaviours. These were organised into an observation scale, and used subsequently to generate nominal observation data on the behaviours of a small sample of children with ASD. Evaluation with the SEAM observation scale yielded a significant increase of SEAM behaviours in the course of the dance therapy. Retrospective analysis of the actions of the therapist throughout four single cases of DMP with ASD participants yielded a specific approach that was described as Shared Movement Approach (SMA). SMA has been specified as an improvisation based method of DMP that takes the child's interpersonal attunement and engagement behaviours as cues for the therapist to accommodate her interventions, so that the child's interpersonal relating behaviours are facilitated and supported. Through her kinaesthetically informed interventions the DMP therapist contributes to an increase of interpersonal engagement and attunement by the ASD participant from within the shared movement actions. The SEAM observation scale was explored on conceptual clarity and consistency in a group of independent movement analysts, and interrater agreement was used as an indication of its contents validity. An interval rating procedure with the SEAM scale yielded the best results on interrater agreement as expressed in Cohen's kappa. The Shared Movement Approach and the SEAM observation scale were then tested for replication of outcome on SEAM behaviours within four repeated single subject cases in a pilot study in a Dutch outpatient clinical setting. The outcome monitoring yielded the replication of increase of interpersonal relating behaviours as measured with the SEAM observation scale. Within subject therapy outcomes, although diverse in their individual profiles, were found to be significant when analysed with non-parametric tests. Group averages showed a significant increase of SEAM behaviours. The effects beyond therapy were evaluated with the somatic and social sub-scales of the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), showing individual differences and a significant problem reduction on average. The outcomes as experienced by the juvenile participants were evaluated with the somatic and social sub-scales of the Youth Self Report (YSR), which on average showed a significant decrease of experienced social and somatic problems. The results obtained are discussed in view of current theories on experiential approaches and concepts for psychotherapy with an ASD population.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Using Heideggerian interpretive phenomenology, this study illuminates the lived experience of an adapted dance program for individuals with Down syndrome and their family members. The overall pattern from both dancers and family members was adapted dance: connecting mind, body and soul. The primary theme from dancer interpretations was expressing a mosaic of positive experiences, and the primary theme from family member interpretations was experiencing pride in their loved ones. The dance program provided dancers an opportunity to express their authentic self while experiencing moments of full embodiment in the connection of their mind, body and soul. While dancers experienced the connection of mind-body-soul, family members recognized the importance of this connection in their loved one. This research is instrumental in advocating for opportunities for individuals with Down syndrome to experience dance as a social, physical and intellectual activity that results in learning and increasing social interactions. The research findings from this study can support future initiatives for dance programs that may influence a population that has limited access to physical activity and dance. The study’s teaching strategies, dance activities, class procedures and sequences, and feedback techniques can be used by other professionals who teach individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Dissertation submitted in compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Nursing, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / Life expectancy has increased rapidly since the beginning of the twentieth century and people aged 65 and older form the fastest growing segment of the population. With the onset of old age, comes social, physical and psychological challenges that result in morbidity and loss of independent life. For some of the socially and economically marginalized elderly this often means living in a long term facility. This study determined the effect of a dance and music programme on balance and function in the residents of a selected old age home in Pietermaritzburg. Aim of the study The study determined the effect of a dance and music programme on the balance and functional ability of the residents of the old age home. Methodology A pre-test/post-test experimental design was used in this study. The eligible participants were randomly assigned to two groups, the experimental and the control groups. The experimental group participated in the 12 week programme of a dance and music programme offered twice weekly while the control group received standard care. Both groups’ functional abilities and balance capabilities were assessed before and after the intervention. Results The results revealed that dance and music programme did not statistically improve balance and function. Function improved in the experimental group post-test compared to the pre-test. Positive feelings expressed during the classes indicate that the intervention had a positive effect on the participants. Conclusion The dance and music programme improved function. It is recommended that residents of the geriatric home be offered this dance and music programme as a long term activity. / M

This dissertation covers with exploring the meaning of dance in human life in the history and today. It specialises on dance in the leisure time field and its therapeutic use and describes the evolution of dance since it´s ever been mentioned and its importance to human life at that time. The first part of the dissertation is concentrating on the history of dance in Bohemia and abroad. The chapters chart the time horizon of dance since antics till nowadays. In the highlighted periods of time it tries to elevate the meaning of dance form, which was characteristic for the actual period. The second part of the dissertation focuses on the meaning of dance as a free time activity and concentrates on recent trend {--} belly dance. The last part of the dissertation covers the meaning of dance as a therapeutic instrument in dance movement therapy.

Contexte : Plusieurs approches thérapeutiques sont utilisées afin d’améliorer la mobilité en contexte de réadaptation. La danse-thérapie fait partie des approches innovantes auprès de populations ayant des troubles neurologiques. Une étude quasi expérimentale avec un groupe témoin n'a pas apporté d’évidence de l'efficacité d'un programme de danse-thérapie de 12 semaines, dispensé une fois par semaine à des personnes souffrant d'un handicap physique (DTDP) et visant à améliorer leur mobilité. Étant donné les avantages perçus de l'intervention, il était important de poursuivre les recherches. Méthode : Nous avons mené une étude expérimentale à cas unique avec la statistique Tau-U sur 28 semaines avec des mesures répétées (quatre outils pour évaluer la mobilité) dans la phase pré-danse (A1), la phase du programme de danse (B) et la phase post-danse (A2). L'échelle de l’état de flow (Flow State Scale, FSS) et l'échelle de confiance de l’équilibre spécifique à l'activité (ABC Scale) ont fourni des scores avant et après l'intervention. Résultats : Cinq participants ont amélioré de manière significative (p <0,05) leurs scores pour le Mini BESTest (MBT), 2/5 pour le 4 Square Step Test (4Sq) et 4/5 pour le Multi Directional Reach Test - Behind (MDRT-behind) avec de très grandes tailles d'effet (TE). Les TE agrégés pour A1 et A2 sont passés de modérés à très grandes. Les changements sur les échelles FSS et ABC n'étaient pas significatifs. Les objectifs personnels ont été perçus et mesurés comme atteints. Conclusions : Ces résultats suggèrent l'efficacité du programme DTDP pour les adultes souffrant de troubles neurologiques et l'utilisation du devis expérimental à cas unique avec la statistique Tau- U pour explorer l'efficacité des interventions en danse pour des cohortes hétérogènes. Les outils utilisés pour mesurer la mobilité semblent prometteurs pour détecter les changements dus à la danse. / Background: Several therapeutic approaches are used to improve mobility in rehabilitation settings. Dance therapy is one of the innovative approaches for populations with neurological disorders. A quasi-experimental study with a control group did not provide evidence to support the effectiveness of a 12-week weekly outpatient dance therapy program for persons with physical disability (DTPD) aimed at improving their mobility. Given the perceived benefits of the intervention, further investigation was important. Method: We conducted a single case experimental design (SCED) with the Tau-U statistic over 28 weeks with repeated measures (4 tools to assess mobility) in the pre-dance phase (A1), dance program phase (B) and post-dance phase (A2). The Flow State Scale and the Activity-specific balance confidence scale (ABC) provided scores pre-and post intervention. Results: Five participants significantly (p <0.05) improved scores for the Mini BESTest (MBT), 2/5 for the 4 Square Step Test (4Sq) and 4/5 for the Multi-Directional Reach Test – Behind (MDRT- behind) with very large effect sizes (ES). Aggregated ES for A1 and A2 went from moderate to very large. Changes on the FSS and ABC scales were not significant. Personal objectives were perceived and measured as attained. Conclusions: These results support the effectiveness of the DTPD program for adults with neurological conditions, and for the use of SCED with the Tau-U statistic to explore effectiveness of dance interventions for heterogeneous cohorts. The tools used to measure mobility appear promising to detect changes due to dance.