Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1980. / Also available in print.

Zhu Xi advocated Zhongyong (Doctrine of the Mean) as "Practical Learning", while modern scholars intend to interpret its central idea in metaphysical ways. We aims to clarify the difference and attempt to discover the appropriate interpretations of Zhongyong in this article. For centuries, many scholars attempt to prove Zhongyong is not written by Zisi from different aspects of argument. In our article, we discards all arguments and advocate Zisi is the authentic author of Zhongyong. With regard to the title of Zhongyong, we repute that "Zhong" is "Xing" and "Yong" is "Her". "Zhongyong" and "Zhongher" share the common meaning and definition. Moreover, we believe Zhongyong should be one piece of writing originally with all chapters. Based on ideology content of Zhongyong, the writing can be divided into three sections. Chapter 1-11 of Zhongyong is the first section, which is Zisi's dictation; Chapter 12-20 is the second section discussed about Zisi' description; Chapter 21-33 is the third seciont, the description of Zisi' application. The ideology framework of Zhongyong can be divided into three words, "Jiao", "Dao", and "Xing". We can learn from "Jiao" to comprehend the principle of "Dao" then reach the level of "Xing". The essence of Zhongyong teach us to practice the principle of "Jiao", "Dao" and "Xing" in our daily lives as self cultivation .

The scholarship that surrounds the relation or comparability of Martin Heidegger’s and Asian thought asks questions of comparability and influence, but the body of literature that has been produced over the last several decades has failed to fully engage Heideggerian and any particular Asian tradition with comparable depth. This work sets out to investigate the ways in which Heidegger’s work and the text of the Zhuangzi, in terms of their responses to the problems that emerge in their respective traditions, offer comparable notions of human nature, authenticity, and the human place in and relation to the universe. Both thinkers find that technology and utility, which are intimately connected with how humans appropriate the world, obstructs how humans are able to relate to the world. Though it becomes apparent in the investigation that Heidegger and the authors of the Zhuangzi offer opposing ideas of the underlying cause of this misappropriation and obstruction, this work uncovers that both traditions offer a vision of how to navigate the world such that we transform with and respond to the world of which we are an inseparable part.

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Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos klasikinio daoizmo filosofijos iškeltos idealios asmenybės savybės. Šiame tyrime remiamasi geriausių Rusijos sinologų veikalais, taip pat daoizmo pradininkų vertimais į lietuvių kalbą, lietuvių daoizmo tyrinėtojais. / In this master's paper are ivestigated the features of ideal person in the philosophy of classical daoism. This paper is based on the analysis of the best works of russian synologists and the lithuanian translation of daosim ancestors works, also on the analysis of the works of lithuanian imvestigators in daoism philosophy.

The increasingly adapted technology called blockchain can be viewed as a distributed append-only time-stamped data structure which is made possible by a distributed peer-to-peer network. The network uses cryptography and different consensus mechanisms to ensure immutability, security, transparency, and speed in a decentralized fashion. A permissionless decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) is an application deployed on a blockchain that enables people to govern and coordinate themselves in a decentralized manner through self-executing rules where anyone can join. A foundational function of a DAO is the voting system which dictates how the governance of the DAO is conducted. Voting systems in DAOs are currently not well researched and the currently used solutions have flaws, they are either not secure or they have the risk of resulting in unfair outcomes. This is the problem that this project focuses on. The problem was approached by conducting research in the field and through the conclusions of the research a new solution for a voting system was proposed and implemented. The proposed solution can be used to gain inspiration in further studies or be tested and developed to evaluate it in practice.

The United States lost its prime opponent, the Soviet Union, since Post-Cold War. To assure its hegemonic status, Joseph Nye initiated the strategy of soft power to former President Bush and Clinton’s administration, and which had influenced People’s Republic of China (as known as a potential enemy to U.S.) profoundly. Soft power is such a wonderful elementary factor that made a dictatorial state like China a huge change both in its polity and image of the world. Moreover, China had been activated by American strategy of soft power, and eventually developed its own ‘Chinese character’ soft power, which had attracted at least by its peripheral states. Commensurate with its rapid economic and diplomatic development, China used to be considered as “China’s threat”, then due to China’s soft power strategy in terms of “Confucianism” and “Wang Dao”(benign) thought had been well responded by the world. As a dominated state, maybe it is time for the United States to think about trying not to conduct the soft power as a diplomatic tool only, but to seek a new strategy of soft power that combined tolerance and respect toward the others. Anyway, by the engagement of soft power among international relations, and the interdependency of regional economy, the author has an optimistic view for a harmonious world in the future. Key words: Post-Cold War, soft power, China’s threat, Wang Dao, harmonious world. / The United States lost its prime opponent, the Soviet Union, since Post-Cold War. To assure its hegemonic status, Joseph Nye initiated the strategy of soft power to former President Bush and Clinton’s administration, and which had influenced People’s Republic of China (as known as a potential enemy to U.S.) profoundly. Soft power is such a wonderful elementary factor that made a dictatorial state like China a huge change both in its polity and image of the world. Moreover, China had been activated by American strategy of soft power, and eventually developed its own ‘Chinese character’ soft power, which had attracted at least by its peripheral states. Commensurate with its rapid economic and diplomatic development, China used to be considered as “China’s threat”, then due to China’s soft power strategy in terms of “Confucianism” and “Wang Dao”(benign) thought had been well responded by the world. As a dominated state, maybe it is time for the United States to think about trying not to conduct the soft power as a diplomatic tool only, but to seek a new strategy of soft power that combined tolerance and respect toward the others. Anyway, by the engagement of soft power among international relations, and the interdependency of regional economy, the author has an optimistic view for a harmonious world in the future. Key words: Post-Cold War, soft power, China’s threat, Wang Dao, harmonious world.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

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This thesis reaches across multiple disciplines, including music psychology, performing arts, and philosophy, to propose using Lao Tzu’s philosophical thoughts in his book Tao Te Ching (also Dao De Jing, daodejing) to cultivate a classical performing musician’s “professional mindset.” “Professional mindset” is defined as the performer’s attitude in dealing with people including himself, and philosophical perspectives in making music. Part I evaluates the recurring traits of classical performing musicians (CPMs) as key for later arguing that Tao Te Ching helps enhance and transform the associated behaviors of a CPM’s recurring traits. These traits include being aloof, intelligent, emotionally unstable, dominant, sensitive, imaginative, self-sufficient, having high ergic tension, along with the associated second-order factors introversion, anxiety, independence, and being unrestrained. Part II introduces Tao Te Ching by building its thinking system map, with each of the book’s components explained and the underlying concepts hidden in the map uncovered via my English translations of the text as found in Chen Guying’s commentary. Part III presents three perspectives that collectively argue how Tao Te Ching cultivates a CPM’s professional mindset. The first analyzes anecdotes from the biographies of flutist Marcel Moyse using the recurring traits of CPMs in order to show how Lao Tzu’s thoughts can enhance or transform the associated behaviors of the recurring traits of CPMs. The second philosophically applies the duality of Lao Tzu to a CPM’s main musical activities and defines his daily performing cycle. The third explains how Tao Te Ching creatively deals with musical matters.