What are the factors behind the recent development of industrial technology in China? Does China follow the path of learning technology from outside through direct foreign investment and international trade as other Asian newly industrialized economies, or imitate the U.S. model that develop science and technology within the country based on the strong domestic research capacity? This study examines these questions using a comprehensive research model and a new Chinese patent dataset. The patent statistics in this study are created based on more than 120 thousand granted invention patent abstracts in China between 1985 and 2003. Compared with the Chinese patent data used in prior studies, this dataset distinguishes firm patents from patents awarded to universities and research institutes. The dependent variable for regression analysis is the technological innovation performance of Chinese domestic firms as measured by the number of patents awarded to firms in 30 Chinese provinces from 1989 to 1999. The final panel data for regression analysis were completed with other provincial indicators for the same years on research and development (R and D) expenditures by firms and public institutions, foreign direct investment (FDI), domestic consumption, and foreign exports. The results of count data fixed effect regression approaches show that the efforts of firms, measured by industrial R and D expenditures, spillovers from R and D activities conducted at universities and public institutions in the same region, and demand driven mainly by foreign exports are the most prominent positive factors in the domestic firms technological innovation performance. While the net impact of FDI on domestic firms patenting activity is mostly insignificant and sometimes negative

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University. / Title from electronic title page (viewed Aug. 26, 2002). This electronic edition is part of the UNC-CH digitization project's database, Documenting the American South. It is a part of the collection The North Carolina experience, beginnings to 1940. Text scanned (OCR) by Apex Data Services, Inc. Images scanned by Tammy Evans. Text encoded by Apex Data Services, Inc., Melissa Meeks and Natalia Smith. Includes bibliographical references.

This is a biographical case study of Mexican industrialization, focusing on expatriate U.S. businessman William O. Jenkins (1878-1963). I trace Jenkins' career in textiles, land speculation, sugar, banking, and film, using it as a forum for themes that flesh out the economic and political history of modern Mexico. Chief among these themes are Mexico's substantial but socially unequal capitalistic development; interdependent relationships between business elites and the state; the role of the regions in Mexican development; and a tradition of viewing U.S. industrialists as enemies of national progress. I use Jenkins to illustrate the ability of Mexico's business elite to negotiate the hazards of the 1910-1920 Revolution and the property expropriations that followed. Industrialists, many of them immigrants, helped to forge rapid economic development between 1933 and 1981. However, their behavior was often characterized by monopolistic and rent-seeking practices, to the qualitative detriment of industries including film and textiles. I demonstrate how the success of industrialists owed much to their relations with politicians, and how the persistence of authoritarian regimes at regional and national levels owed much to industrialists' support. For Jenkins, this symbiosis involved loans to state governors, campaign contributions, and support for the federal government by channeling cheap entertainment to urban populations. Such links help explain why fifty years of development saw little electoral democracy or progressive distribution of wealth. I "de-center" Mexico's economic and political narrative by focusing on the state of Puebla, showing how alliances between industrialists and authorities often begin in provincial arenas and how they can impact national economic and political trends. I also address the underdevelopment of Puebla City, long Mexico's second metropolis, which after 1900 fell significantly behind Guadalajara and Monterrey. Finally, I trace how Jenkins functioned rhetorically as the epitome of the grasping U.S. capitalist. His controversial image afforded leftist politicians, business rivals, and labor leaders with an inflammatory object of protest. Such "gringophobia" in turn contributed to a polarization within Mexican society that proliferated after the 1959 Cuban Revolution. I complement this theme with intermittent commentary on rarely-remarked similarities between business practice in Mexico and the United States. / text

To compete, manufacturing companies need production systems that quickly can respond to changes. To handle change drivers such as volume variations or new product variants, reconfigurability is advocated as a competitive means. This implies an ability to add, remove, and/or rearrange the structure of the production system to be ready for future changes. Still, it is not clear how the production system design process can capture and support the design of reconfigurable production systems. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to increase the knowledge of how to support the design of reconfigurable production systems. Reconfigurability could be defined by a number of reconfigurability characteristics including convertibility, scalability, automatibility, mobility, modularity, integrability, and diagnosability. In eight case studies, reconfigurability characteristics in production system design were studied in order to investigate reconfigurability needs, knowledge, and practice in manufacturing companies. In three of the case studies reconfigurable production systems were studied to identify the links between change drivers and reconfigurability characteristics. In the remaining five case studies, reconfigurability in the production system design processes was addressed in terms of needs, prerequisites, and consideration. Based on the literature review and the case studies, support for reconfigurable production system design is suggested including two parts. The first part comprises support for analyzing the need for reconfigurability. Based on relevant change drivers the need for reconfigurability must be identified to enable selection of right type and degree of reconfigurability for each specific case of application. A comprehensive view of the reconfigurability characteristics is presented and links between change drivers and reconfigurability characteristics are described. The characteristics are divided into critical characteristics, that lead to a capacity or functionality change of the production system, and supporting characteristics, that reduce system reconfiguration time but do not necessarily lead to a modification of functionality or capacity of the production system. The second part provides support in how to consider reconfigurability in the production system design process. A holistic perspective is crucial to design reconfigurable production systems and therefore constituent parts of a production system are described. According to their character physical, logical, and human reconfiguration must be considered through the whole production system design process.

The Outer Space Treaty established the obligation to provide continuing supervision of its national space activities by the appropriate state. The implementation of this obligation remains a matter of state discretion. Since this Treaty came into force the world has evolved to become reliant on space based utilities to enable the global economy and state governance. Today, space faring states are increasingly dependent upon the supervision practices of other states to assure its space interests as the attribution of state responsibility becomes more difficult to ascribe. / Therefore, the absence of binding supervision standards may become an impediment to future space applications due to three identified trends. First, the trend towards space commercialization requires active state supervision. Second, the rise in environmental hazards requires minimal safety standards to decrease the harmful effects on space applications. Third, space security requires identification of intentional acts and prudent measures to safeguard vital space applications.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 444-460). / xxi, 460 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / A study based on a case study with integrated macro and micro approaches to investigate some effects of the development and industrialisation processes in Indonesia. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geographical and Environmental Studies, 2001

Zugl.: Frankfurt(Oder), Universiẗat Viadrina, Diss., 2005.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-09-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:09:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_fs_me_arafcl.pdf: 662003 bytes, checksum: cba87256f38a65ab6b618a6c74b5434c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nesta dissertação destaca-se e analisa-se as distintas interpretações acerca da forma da industrialização no período que abrange o Governo Getúlio Vargas (1951-54) evidenciando (em concordância com as orientações tecidas de cada autor) quais foram as circunstâncias conjunturais, tanto econômicas, quanto político-institucionais (internas e externas) precedentes à 1951 e do próprio período (1951-54), que, em seu conjunto, tornaram historicamente possíveis as decisões e orientações políticas e econômicas adotadas. O presente trabalho está estruturado em três capítulos que cada um sediará uma das três diferentes interpretações sobre o teor ideológico por trás do projeto de desenvolvimento econômico e industrial adotado pelo Governo de Vargas (1951-54), bem como do conjunto de políticas macroeconômicas postas em prática pelas autoridades à época. O trabalho também destaca a discussão, que em muitas vezes não foi consensual entre os próprios autores que compuseram cada capítulo, das possíveis influências herdadas pelo Governo de Kubitschek do projeto de desenvolvimento industrial implementado por Vargas. Após demonstrar a existência de distintas interpretações acerca do projeto de industrialização do Governo Getúlio Vargas (1951-54) e suas influências no Governo de Juscelino Kubitschek (1956-61), conclui-se que o Ministério da Fazenda, representado pela figura de Lafer detinha um posicionamento pró industrialização que forma que as medidas de contenção (de gastos fiducitários) realizadas não entraram em colisão com a proposta industrializante, ou seja, o que se pôde observar foi o incentivo à ampliação da produção nacional com o apoio decidido das políticas cambial e de crédito. Além do mais, destaca-se que houve, entre os Governos de Vargas e Kubitschek, um movimento... / In this dissertation stands and analyzes the different interpretations about the form of industrialization in the period covering the Getúlio Vargas government (1951-54) showing (in accordance with the guidelines of each woven author) what were the circumstances cyclical, both economic , the political-institutional (internal and external) preceding the 1951 and the period itself (1951-54), which, as a whole, became historically possible decisions and political and economic orientations adopted. This paper is structured in three chapters that each host one of three different interpretations of the ideological content behind the design of economic and industrial development adopted by the Government of Vargas (1951-54), as well as the set of macroeconomic policies put in practice by the authorities at the time. The work also highlights the discussion, which often was not consensus among the authors who composed each chapter, the possible influences inherited by the Government of Kubitschek's industrial development project implemented by Vargas. After demonstrating the existence of different interpretations of the industrialization project of the Government Getúlio Vargas (1951-54) and their influences in the government of Juscelino Kubitschek (1956-61), it is concluded that the Ministry of Finance, represented by the figure of Lafer actually held a position pro industrialization so that containment measures (spending fiducitários) held not come into collision with the proposed industrialization, which gave support to the materialization of an explicit effort to expand domestic production with the decisive support of policies currency and credit. Moreover, it is noteworthy that there was between the governments of Vargas and Kubitschek, a motion continuity plans and actions taken on behalf of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Crescimento econômico surpreendente da Coreia vale a pena receber atenção devido à importância do papel do Estado no seu sucesso chamado Estado Desenvolvimentista. Estado Desenvolvimentista Coreano tem sua origem na década de 1950 construindo obras básicas institucionais como a reforma agrária, quadro jurídico, formação e reorganização da burocracia e agências de planejamento econômico. A partir dos anos 1960, foi um período bem sucedido do Estado Desenvonvimentista caracterizando a existência de agência piloto, a estratégia nacional para o plano de crescimento econômico no longo prazo, a capacidade do Estado que vem de burocratas qualificados, coesão da organização burocrática, políticas de industrialização seletivos e autonomia enraizada. No entanto, o Estado desenvolvimentista começou a desaparecer a partir da década de 1980 com o movimento pró- democrático e da globalização. A Coreia ainda não perfeitamente convergiu para os países avançados. Além disso, a definição de desenvolvimento não é mais apenas o crescimento econômico, mas também alcançar bem-estar e desenvolvimento humano. A Coreia está agora lutando para encontrar uma nova estratégia de desenvolvimento. Esta dissertação identificou três grandes eixos de discussões sobre o papel do Estado na Coreia contemporânea, quais sejam: (i) o Estado regulador; (ii) o Estado corporativo, responsável pela concertação social e pela indução de um modelo corporativo competitivo; e (iii) o Estado Desenvolvimentista. Esta dissertação prova que a única alternativa é Estado do Desenvolvimento reconfigurado. Ao analisar o sucesso do passado, o renascimento de Estado do Desenvolvimento pode ser alcançado. Aprender com o passado iria mostrar o caminho da sua reconfiguração. / Astonishing economic growth of Korea is worthy of notice due to the importance of the state’s role on its success so called the Developmental State. Korean Developmental State has its origin in the 1950s constructing institutional basic works as land reform, legal framework, formation and reorganization of bureaucracy and economic planning agencies. From the 1960s, it has been successful period of Developmental State characterized as the existence of pilot agency, national strategy for long-term economic growth plan, state capacity that comes from qualified bureaucrats, cohesiveness of bureaucratic organization, selective industrialization policies and embedded autonomy. However, the dismantlement of the developmental state has begun to take place from the 1980s with the pro-democratic movement and globalization. Korea has not yet perfectly converged to the advanced countries. Moreover, the definition of development is not just economic growth anymore but also achieving welfare through human development. Korea is now struggling to find new development strategy. Three major discussions for further development are 1) regulatory state, 2) social concertation and competitive corporatist and 3) Neo Developmental State. The thesis here proves the only alternative is Developmental State and it has to be succeeded and reconfigured. By analyzing the success of the past, the revival of Developmental State can be achieved. Learning from the past would show the way of its reconfiguration.

Submitted by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2014-08-29T17:33:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Institutions, state capacity and economic development.PDF: 1327433 bytes, checksum: 7b4c02d9a5ac2854b4a0288046007a0b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2014-08-29T17:34:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Institutions, state capacity and economic development.PDF: 1327433 bytes, checksum: 7b4c02d9a5ac2854b4a0288046007a0b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-29T17:34:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Institutions, state capacity and economic development.PDF: 1327433 bytes, checksum: 7b4c02d9a5ac2854b4a0288046007a0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Ind??stria / This thesis deals with the determinants and limits of the process of import substitution industrialisation which took place in Brazil from 1930 to 1980. A first important objective is to understand the direction given to the process of industrialisation and the consequent pattern of policy making. Secondly, the thesis asks why the Brazilian state, a key agent in the process of industrialisation, was notable to adopt certain measures and to go in certain directions which could have produced a more solid and sustainable process of economic development. Key attention is given to the concepts of state capacity and the developmental state. The concern with state capacity justifies a careful analysis of industrial policy, undertaken for the capital goods sector in the 1970s. In addition, the thesis is also centred on a comparative analysis. Through the experience of other countries, I intend to highlight the contribution of certain institutional factors to the path of economic development in Brazil. As a conclusion, the thesis shows how institutional factors, e.g. the result of peripheral international insertion and the organisation of social forces and of the state apparatus, constrained the capacity of the Brazilian state to replicate the results achieved by the developmental states in Japan and Korea. The study of the capital goods sector shows this in detail, emphasising the negative effects of divisions inside the state and the resistance of social groups on the coherence and the achievements of Brazilian industrial policy. An important conclusion is that the success of a substantial process of industrial transformation, which affects the interests of several economic groups, demands the construction of a strong coalition able to increase the government???s basis of support. This was an important deficiency of the military government, whose form of domination disregarded the relevance of such political mechanisms.