Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-01-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:32:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 campos_lga_me_botfm.pdf: 1198269 bytes, checksum: 2d010ec2d7b52fe2fcdd51442bcb5e10 (MD5) / Neste trabalho investigamos, por meio de aplicação das Provas Operatórias de Conservação de Quantidades Continuas e Descontinuas do Exame Clinico de Piaget, estruturas cognitivas de 50 crianças, das quais 25 pacientes com idades de 7 a 14 anos com TDAH, seguidos no Ambulatório de Neurologia Infantil da UNESP - Botucatu, e 25 crianças na mesma faixa etária, não TDAH para controle. A equipe multiprofissional avaliou os sujeitos que apresentaram nível intelectual esperado para a faixa etária... / This work investigated, through the application of the Operational Tests of Conservation of Continuous and Discontinuous Quantity of Piaget's Clinical Examination, cognitive strutures of 50 children, 25 of them were ADHD patients whose ages ranged between 7 and 14, followed up in the Pediatric Neurology Clinic of UNESP (São Paulo's State University) - Botucatu campus, and the other 25 children, non-ADHD, belonging to the same age group, composed the control group. The subjects were assessed by a multiprofessional team and the intellectual level they presented was expected according to the age group... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned eletronic address)

Nesta tese objetivamos analisar a compreensão de professoras de escolas públicas sobre o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) e as suas práticas pedagógicas, junto a alunos com esta necessidade especial. Os esforços compilados no presente estudo nasceram da nossa prática profissional, num processo de múltiplas experiências e observações em ambientes escolares onde atuamos diretamente, somados a carência de profissionais habilitados sobre a temática, na área da Educação. Por isso, buscamos compreender como os professores têm trabalhado pedagogicamente com seus alunos com TDAH. Apesar dos muitos cursos de formação docente, os nossos professores têm poucas oportunidades de conhecer melhor o TDAH, em especial no Estado da Paraíba, onde este tema não é suficientemente discutido. O TDAH tem como principal característica a ausência de auto controle ocasionada por fatores orgânicos. Neste trabalho trouxemos a discussão sobre o TDAH, desde seus conceitos às práticas de interação apresentadas por diferentes autores. Realizamos uma pesquisa nas escolas do município de João Pessoa, junto a oito professoras, que tinham tido alunos com TDAH em suas classes, as quais responderam às questões em uma entrevista semiestruturada. Seis entre as oito professoras entrevistadas haviam concluído curso superior, no entanto, nenhuma delas realizou curso na área da Educação Especial ou para lidar com pessoas com TDAH. Os relatos dessas professoras revelaram que o trabalho com as crianças com TDAH, em geral, não diferia dos demais alunos da classe. Contudo, algumas professoras mostraram uma certa flexibilidade, como por exemplo, oferecendo outras atividades para as crianças com TDAH, quando esses alunos conseguiam concluir suas tarefas com mais rapidez. Foi verificado que o aluno com TDAH chegava à sala de aula sem nenhum suporte profissional, com exceção do esperado trabalho do professor. Conforme constatamos, poucas professoras tinham conhecimento prévio de que seu aluno possuía diagnóstico do TDAH. No entanto, isso não motivou as professoras ou a escola a buscar subsídios para que o aluno com TDAH fosse direcionado adequadamente. Para Benczik e Bromberg (2003), a presença de professores compreensivos, que colaborem com a criança, é imperativo para o desenvolvimento do potencial do aluno com TDAH. Como discutido, este transtorno envolve três tipos: o desatento, o hiperativo e o impulsivo. Isto nos levou a perceber que as atividades precisariam ser mais especificas, pois cada tipo de TDAH apresenta peculiaridades diferenciadas, ou seja, que cada um deles apresenta necessidades educacionais especiais específicas que demandam atendimento diferenciado. É relevante, portanto, que sejam realizados estudos que pontuem e trabalhem cada tipo de TDAH enfatizando suas especificidades visando um melhor desenvolvimento acadêmico e social destes alunos. / In this thesis we had as objective to analyze the understanding of public school teachers about the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as well as their pedagogical practices with students with this special need. The efforts for the present study raised from our professional practice, in a process of multiple experiences and observations in school settings where we worked, added to the lack of professionals specialized in this theme among the area of Education. Therefore, we seek to understand how teachers have been working pedagogically with their students with ADHD. In spite of many teacher formation courses, our teachers have few opportunities to know more about the ADHD, especially in the State of Paraiba, where this theme is not sufficiently discussed. In this work we brought the discussion about ADHD, from its concept to the interaction practices presented by different authors. We undertook a research in schools of the City of Joao Pessoa, with eight teachers who had in their classes, students with ADHD, who answered questions in a semi-structured interview. Six among the eight teachers interviewed had concluded higher education, however, none had done any courses in the area of Special Education or geared to deal with persons with ADHD. The reports of these teachers showed that the work with ADHD children, in general, was not different that with the other students of the class. But some teachers showed a certain flexibility, for example, offering other activities for children with ADHD when these students were able to finish their tasks more quickly. It was verified that the student with ADHD arrived at the classroom without any professional support, with the exception of the expected work of the teacher. As we were able to notice, few teachers had previous knowledge that the student had ADHD diagnosis. However, this fact was not enough to motivate them or the school to search for subsidies in order for the student with ADHD to be adequately directed. For Benczik and Bromberg (2003), the presence of understanding teachers who collaborate with the child, is very important for the students with a ADHD potential development. As discussed, this disorder involves three types: non attentive, the hyperactive, and the impulsive. This lead us to perceive that the activities should be more specific, since each type of ADHD presents different peculiarities, that is, each one of them presents specific educational special needs that demand differential treatment. It is relevant, therefore, that be undertaken studies that focus and work each ADHD type, with emphasis in their specificities in order to achieve a better academic and social development for this students.

M.Tech. / This research was conducted to determine the efficacy of Choresan (R36) ® on children with “Specific Learning Disabilities”. Choresan (R36) ® is a complex homoeopathic formulation indicated for use in mild nervous disorders, physical restlessness, tics and spasms and muscular twitching (Dr. Reckeweg and Co. GMBH, 2009). Choresan (R36)® contains a combination of homoeopathic remedies that lend to usage for the symptomology associated with Specific Learning Disabilities. Specific Learning Disabilities are defined as a group of basic psychological processes which affect the understanding and use of language (written and spoken). Individuals present with an inability to learn as well as restlessness or hyperactivity (Webb, 2008). The management of Specific Learning Disabilities is two fold, namely education and scheduled drugs. The use of antipsychotic and stimulant drugs have problematic long term efficacy with adverse side effects (Matson and Neal, 2009). This study was conducted to determine if homoeopathic medicine may be able to suggest a safer, side effect free alternative.

D.Ed. / The practice regarding the diagnosing and therapeuterising, with Ritalin, of children with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is inadequate. There is in general practice little, if any, signs of holistic interactive co-operation amongst practitioners regarding diagnosing and therapeuterising, with Ritalin, exceptions excluded. The practice situation reflects a rather fragmented image, unscientific practises regarding diagnostic and therapeutic instruments and procedures, ignorance and incompleteness. The rational why this study was undertaken is because of the researcher's experience of the overwhelming inadequacy of this practice. The aim of this research was to develop, validate and describe standards for the holistic interactive management of the practice of diagnosing of the child \Vith ADHD and his/her therapy, with Ritalin. These standards can contribute towards improvement of the total practice, that is improvement of aid rendering to this child in order to optimise his/her functioning accordingly. In order to reach this aim, a research method was followed whereby an intensive literature study, multiple case studies and a questionnaire survey regarding a variety of professional practitioners and parents, was introduced in order to obtain data from the practice situation. Data was continuously qualitatively analised within the parameters of a theoretically grounded conceptual framework. These analyses eventually culminated in the description of concept standards and revised concept standards which were submitted to five domain experts for validation. The final standards which were determined through a process of a reasonable high level of consensus amongst these experts, is described in two official languages, namely Afrikaans and English. The final standards reflect the need from practice, namely holistic interactive management of the procedures of diagnosis and therapy, with Ritalin, of the child with ADHD.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a well-known and much debated neurological disorder. The core symptoms consist of a lacking ability to maintain focus, hyperactivity and a motoric restlessness. It is a neurological disorder, with its causes under much debate, although this essay identifies some important brain areas and transmitter systems. The aim of this essay is to give an overview of the available treatments for children with ADHD in the form of the two largest groups of treatments; pharmacological treatments and psychosocial treatments. The conclusion found is that pharmacological treatments are more effective at reducing the core symptoms of ADHD, while psychosocial treatments are more effective at improving the development of social functioning, suggesting a combination to be the superior choice.

Studien ämnar undersöka om människor med ADHD uppvisar en högre prevalens av otrygg anknytning (enligt testet ASQ) än normalbefolkningen. Metoden som har använts för att mäta detta är en internetbaserad självskattningsenkät; Attachment Style Questionnaire, ASQ, som är ett test som mäter olika kateogier av relationella mönster baserade på anknytningsteori. Testresultatet indikerar en hög förekomst av otrygg anknytning (95 %) i den undersökta gruppen. Med tanke på begränsningar I validiteten främst på grund av endast användningen av enbart ett test för mätning och på grund av att ASQ mäter relationella aspekter i en individ så undersöker studien först och främst resultatet av relationella mönster i gruppen ADHD. / This study aims is to explore if people diagnosed with ADHD show a higher frequency of insecure attachment (according to the test ASQ) than the normal population. The method used is an internet-based self report survey; Attachment Style Qeustionnaire, ASQ, which is a test that measures different categories of relational patterns based on attachment theory. The test results indicate a high frequency of insecure attachment scores (95%) in the measured sample. Regarding limitations in validity using only one method of measuring, and ASQ beeing a test for measuring relational patterns, the study only claim to present results of ”relational styles” in the AD/HD sample.

M.A. (Clinical Psychology) / Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a form of psychopathology characterised by difficulties with hyperactivity, attention and behavioural inhibition. Although ADHD has been historically considered a disorder specific to children, the contemporary consensus among researchers is that, in some cases, ADHD may persist into adulthood. Neurologically, ADHD is associated with deficits in the executive functions, located in the frontal lobe. Cortical arousal, which refers to the level of neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex and is measurable using electroencephalograph machinery (EEGs), is usually lower in the frontal lobes in those with ADHD when compared to individuals without the disorder. With regards to anxiety disorders, which are dysfunctional variations in the normal fear response, the aetiology of the pathologies in this category are multifaceted and complex. At the neurological level, however, there is a clear link between anxiety disorders and hypervigilance, which is characterised by high cortical arousal in the frontal lobes. Despite the fact that, at face value, it seems impossible for an increase and decrease in cortical arousal to occur simultaneously, ADHD is often diagnosed alongside anxiety disorders, and it is this anomaly which is the focus of this study. Electroencephalograph machinery (EEGs) are able to measure levels of cortical arousal using electrodes placed on the scalp. This research employs this equipment in order to elucidate on how cortical arousal manifests during a task that demands significant involvement from the frontal areas of the brain. A quasi-xperimental research design using non-parametric statistics (Mann-Whitney U Test) was used in order to compare the levels of cortical arousal between 4 groups of 5 research participants with either ADHD, an anxiety disorder, comorbid ADHD and anxiety and no discernible psychopathology. The significant results found in this study point to the fact that, in cases where ADHD and anxiety disorders occur comorbidly, there is a possibility that the anxiety component enables an individual to achieve more pronounced levels of attention, concentration and focus than normal participants and those with ADHD alone...

No description available.

This multi-method study provides detailed information about the friendships of 87 children with ADHD (77.0% boys) and 46 comparison children (73.9% boys) between the ages of 7 and 13. The methods used in the study included parent and teacher ratings, self-report measures, and direct observation of friends’ dyadic behaviours in three structured analogue tasks. Results indicated that, in contrast with comparison children, children with ADHD had friends with high levels of ADHD and oppositional symptoms; they perceived fewer positive features and more negative features, and were less satisfied in their friendships. Observational data indicated that children with ADHD performed both more legal and more illegal manoeuvres than comparison children in a fast-paced competitive game. While negotiating with their friends, children with ADHD made more insensitive and self-centred proposals than comparison children. In dyads consisting of one child with ADHD and one typically developing child, children with ADHD were often more controlling than their non-diagnosed friends. Globally, these results were robust and did not seem to be affected by age differences, ADHD subtypes, comorbidities, and medication status. Given the increased recognition of ADHD in adolescence and adulthood as well as the fact that negative peer reputation in childhood very strongly predicts mental-health status by early adulthood, this research may lead to the discovery of meaningful ways to help people with ADHD achieve improved mental health and happiness over their lifespan.

The current study is a multimethod, longitudinal exploration of friendship patterns of children with ADHD. We relied on information from parent and teacher ratings, self-report measures of children and their friends, and observational data from three interactive tasks. In the two phases of the study, the participants were 112 children and their friends between the ages of 7 and 13: ADHD group dyads, n = 68; comparison group dyads, n = 44. Results indicated that the friendships of children with ADHD differed from the friendships of the comparison group. Overall, children with ADHD had friendships that, although stable over time, were of lower duration and stability than the friendships of comparison children. The lower duration and stability of friendships in the ADHD group coincided with more single-parent households in this group, which may indicate elevated family stress. However, children with ADHD were no different than comparison children in regards to the age of their friends and the places where they met them. At both participations, ADHD dyads reported fewer positive friendship features than comparison dyads. Furthermore, children with ADHD reported less intimacy toward their friends, less help and guidance, and less validation and caring. The friendship behaviour dynamics observed during the interactive tasks differed between the two groups. Children with ADHD violated more rules and were less altruistic and sensitive during interactions. Additionally, children with ADHD showed less positive and more non-positive affect while relating to their friends. When a decision that involved a compromise had to be made, the length of interaction was greater and coincided with displayed non-positive affect. Additionally, their friendly interactions were observed to be characterized by unequal power distribution as opposed to those in the comparison group where there was greater power equality. However, our results also suggest that the behavioural trajectory over time was similar between the ADHD and comparison groups. The friendships of ADHD and comparison children were rich in positive and negative friendship features reported by the two friends, and over time there was more open reporting of the negative friendship aspects. Our results did not seem to be affected by gender and age differences, ADHD subtypes, comorbidities, or medication status. Through outlining friendship patterns of children with ADHD, we are hopeful that our findings may be useful to mitigate negative social consequences of ADHD. A practical clinical application may be in recommending measures and creating interventions aimed at promoting friendship and improving social adjustments in children and young adolescents with ADHD.