Le présent travail propose une analyse littéraire et médiatique d'un journal pour les jeunes filles du Second Empire, le Journal des demoiselles (1833 - 1922). Il s'inscrit dans la recherche sur les relations entre la presse et la littérature au XIXe siècle. L'étude exhaustive des années 1855 et 1856 de ce périodique permet de proposer l'hypothèse de la proximité entre la littérature et la presse destinées à la jeunesse au cours de ce siècle. Elle veut également démontrer et confirmer que le journal pour les enfants est redevable d'une analyse littéraire, à l'instar de l'imprimé pour les adultes. Cette recherche s'articule autours de trois chapitres : le premier retrace l'histoire du périodique pour les enfants depuis ses origines jusqu'à la fin du XIXe siècle. Il met l'accent, d'une part, sur les aspects sociaux, économiques et éditoriaux qui accompagnent l'évolution historique de cette presse spécialisée et, d'autre part, sur les rapports qu'ont entretenus les milieux journalistiques et littéraires tout au long de cette période. Replaçant le Journal des demoiselles dans son contexte historique, ce chapitre dépeint dans un deuxième temps le portrait historique et editorial du périodique. La seconde partie s'attarde plus longuement sur l'imaginaire social qui se déploie dans les numéros étudiés. Le dépouillement et l'étude sociocritique du périodique permettent d'observer et de dégager la dimension sociale du texte, notamment les pratiques et les idées transmises en termes d'éducation. Il s'agit d'examiner par cette analyse la manière dont les idéaux et les valeurs de la rédaction se mettent en place dans les contenus de l'imprimé. Le dernier volet s'interroge sur la manière dont les rédacteurs du journal offrent une représentation des pratiques et des rites sociaux de la demoiselle. L'analyse se fonde sur le relevé des nombreuses stratégies narratives mises en oeuvre dans les articles et permet de montrer que les procédés littéraires utilisés confortent et contribuent au discours idéologique du journal.

Jacques Demy's Les Parapluies de Cherbourg (1964), Les Demoiselles de Rochefort (1967), and Peau d'âne (1970), though quite popular with the public at their time of release and continuing to leave an aesthetic stamp on contemporary cinema, have been received by some critics and viewers in general as pure contrivance with little edification. This thesis puts forward, however, that such interpretations of these Demy musicals as primarily saccharine, superficial, and light miss the elemental melancholy belied by the charming varnish. Here, the three are unified as a triptych that thematizes and aestheticizes lack and desire in ways that can speak directly to the queer viewer. This thesis first situates the films among criticism from the 1960s to the present, opening a discourse on the potential for diverse political and aesthetic readings of Demy's work that continues to the present queer reading. Through a method of narratological close reading, I unify the three films as a triptych, each a variation on themes of isolation, absence, and amorous lack. Jean-Pierre Berthomé's Jacques Demy et les raciness du rêve (1982) is a rich resource in presenting these three seemingly distinct films as a totality. Once justified for study as a triptych, my thesis presents a queer reading of the films' ostensibly heterosexual narrative structures. With the buttressing of the queer theory of Harold Beaver, Andrew Ross, and Michael Koresky, among others, this chapter demonstrates how the narratives of longing Demy crafts can speak to the queer viewer and transcend a heterosexual framework. Finally, my thesis moves beyond narrative to another continuity, the aesthetic of camp present throughout the triptych. Through an exploration of the interconnectivity of camp, gender performance, and seduction, drawing on scholars Susan Sontag, Judith Butler, and Jean Baudrillard, respectively, the aesthetic of Demy's triptych is situated in a queer sensibility. Catherine Deneuve, Demy's "princesse idéale," is read as the reification of this sensibility in her potent performance of gender at the confluence of masculine and feminine qualities, as well as the ideal tabula rasa onto which the queer viewer's desire and longing can be projected. Ultimately, the triptych's reconciliation of the visually confectionary and the narratively somber is celebrated, as it points to a victory over tragedy through affective agency. / Master of Arts / Jacques Demy's Les Parapluies de Cherbourg (1964), Les Demoiselles de Rochefort (1967), and Peau d'âne (1970), French musicals from a masterful director of the New Wave movement in cinema, have been generally received positively by the public, and especially by gay viewers. Yet, these Demy films have been met with a range of skepticism to derision by some critics and even by a number of Demy's contemporaries. The three films' narratives concern a nascent romance thwarted by the Algerian War and economic demands, potential amorous encounters prevented by missed connections and arbitrary social barriers, and a flight from incestuous demands and its consequences of isolation and ridicule, respectively. Though these narratives are fundamentally melancholic, they are aestheticized through kaleidoscopic colors, virtuosic dancing, and the beautiful music scores of Michel Legrand. This thesis reexamines these films as a triptych that, considered together, thematizes lack and desire in a way that can speak directly to the queer viewer. Areas of overlap between the filmic narratives and the queer experience in the West are excavated and explored to demonstrate how the films can carry intimate signification to sexual minorities, as well as other marginalized identities. Finally, the particular and continuous aesthetic of the three films is studied as a queer sensibility embodied by the star of all three, Catherine Deneuve. The ability of this triptych to transcend a singular heterosexual interpretation and to heighten its effects on the viewer through a tension of form and content is celebrated.

Cette thèse a pour objectif de suggérer des lignes directrices pour observer les rencontres entre des arts, des matières et des techniques artistiques distincts et caractériser les passages possibles entre le sonore et le visuel. Dans un premier temps, nous étudierons les différences entre les arts et les manières de les organiser dans des systèmes classificatoires. Ensuite, nous nous tournerons vers l’étude de la notion de ressemblance entre les arts et de l’esthétique comparée et nous présenterons quelques liens et interactions entre les phénomènes musicaux et visuels. Les ressemblances seront exposées plus loin à travers leurs traits spécifiques, que nous appellerons « similitudes ». À partir de ces dernières, présentées sous les noms de sympathie, d’émulation, d’analogie et de convenientia, nous proposerons des façons d’observer des rencontres entre le sonore et le visuel. De la sympathie provient la notion de résonance, qui se fonde dans la liberté du récepteur d’établir des correspondances entre des paires d’œuvres d’art distinctes. Les reflets trouvent leur fondement dans les similitudes émulation et analogie, et s’adressent à des œuvres dont les créateurs ont tenté d’appliquer dans leur propre art des éléments provenant d’un autre art. Dans le troisième, consacré aux confluences, nous inclurons des œuvres qui contiennent dans leur structure propre des matières sonores et visuelles. À l’origine des confluences se trouve la convenientia, similitude qui traite de la coexistence des éléments hétérogènes. Picasso, Stravinsky, Ligeti, Rothko, Dutilleux et Klee sont parmi les artistes qui illustrent les résonances, reflets et confluences de cette recherche. / The main objective of this thesis is to suggest guidelines in observing meetings between arts, materials and separate art techniques and to characterize some of the possible passages and interactions between the sonorous and visual. First we talk about the differences between the arts and the ways to organize them into classification systems. Then we turn to the study of the concept of resemblance between the art forms, introduced in Comparative Aesthetics and present some links and intersections between the musical and visual phenomena. Their similarities will be exposed, later, through specific traits, which we call “similitudes”. From these latter, presented by the names: sympathy, emulation, analogy and convenientia, we propose ways of observing encounters between the sonorous and visual. From sympathy comes the notion of resonance, which is based on the liberty of the receiver to establish correspondences between pairs of distinct art works. The reflections address the art works whose artists sought to apply in their own art, elements coming from another art and find their bases in the similitudes of emulation and analogy. Finally, the confluences. In this third group are included the art works that contain, in their own structure, sonorous and visual materials. At the origin of the confluences is the convenientia, similitude that deals with the coexistence between heterogeneous elements. Picasso, Stravinsky, Ligeti, Rothko, Dutilleux and Klee are the artists whose works illustrate the resonances, reflections e confluences of our research. / Esta tese tem como principal objetivo sugerir diretrizes para se observar encontrosentre artes, matérias e técnicas artísticas distintas e caracterizar algumas das passagenspossíveis e interações entre o sonoro e o visual. Primeiramente, discorremos sobre asdiferenças entre as artes e as maneiras de organiza-las em sistemas classificatórios. Emseguida, nos voltamos ao estudo da noção de semelhança das mesmas, à Estética Comparadae apresentamos algumas elos e interseções entre os fenômenos musicais e visuais. Assemelhanças são expostas, mais à frente, através de traços específicos, aos quais chamamos de“similitudes”, de acordo com o entendimento de Michel Foucault. A partir dessas últimas,apresentadas pelos nomes de simpatia, emulação, analogia e convenientia, propomosmaneiras de se observar encontros entre o sonoro e o visual. Da simpatia provém a noçãoressonância, que se baseia na liberdade do receptor de estabelecer correspondências entrepares de obras de arte distintas e fertilizar mutuamente seus entendimentos. Os reflexos seendereçam às obras cujos artistas procuraram aplicar em sua própria arte elementos provindosde uma outra arte e encontram suas bases nas similitudes de emulação e analogia. Finalmente,as confluências. Neste terceiro grupo incluem-se obras que contém em sua própria estruturamatérias sonoras e visuais. Na origem das confluências está a convenientia, similitude quetrata da coexistência entre elementos heterogêneos. Pablo Picasso, Igor Stravinsky, GyörgyLigeti, Mark Rothko, Henri Dutilleux, Paul Klee, Alban Berg e Serguei Eisenstein são osartistas cujas obras ilustraram as ressonâncias, reflexos e confluências de nossa pesquisa.

From the viewpoint of classical reception studies, I am asking what contemporary British art (by, for example, Sarah Lucas, Damien Hirst, and Mark Wallinger) has to do with the classical tradition – both the art and literature of Greco-Roman antiquity. I have conducted face-to-face interviews with some of the leading artists working in Britain today, including Lucas, Hirst, Wallinger, Marc Quinn, and Gilbert & George. In addition to contemporary art, the thesis focuses on Greco-Roman art and on myths and modes of looking that have come to shape the western art historical tradition – seeking to offer a different perspective on them from that of the Renaissance and neoclassicism. The thesis concentrates on the generation of artists known as the YBAs, or Young British Artists, who came to prominence in the 1990s. These artists are not renowned for their deference to the classical tradition, and are widely regarded as having turned their backs on classical art and its legacies. The introduction asks whether their work, which has received little scholarly attention, might be productively reassessed from the perspective of classical reception studies. It argues that while their work no longer subscribes to a traditional understanding of classical ‘influence’, it continues to depend – for its power and provocativeness – on classical concepts of figuration, realism, and the basic nature of art. Without claiming that the work of the YBAs is classical or classicizing, the thesis sets out to challenge the assumption that their work has nothing to do with ancient art, or that it fails to conform to ancient understandings of what art is. In order to do this, the thesis analyses contemporary works of art through three classical ‘lenses’. Each lens allows contemporary art to be examined in the context of a longer history. The first lens is the concept of realism, as seen in artistic and literary explorations of the relationship between art and life. This chapter uses the myth of Pygmalion’s statue as a way of thinking about contemporary art’s continued engagement with ideas of mimesis and the ‘real’ which were theorised and debated in antiquity. The second lens is corporeal fragmentation, as evidenced by the broken condition of ancient statues, the popular theme of dismemberment in western art, and the fragmentary body in contemporary art. The final chapter focuses on the figurative plaster cast, arguing that contemporary art continues to invoke and reinvent the long tradition of plaster reproductions of ancient statues and bodies. Through each of these ‘lenses’, I argue that contemporary art remains linked, both in form and meaning, to the classical past – often in ways which go beyond the stated intentions of an artist. Contemporary art continues to be informed by ideas and processes that were theorised and practised in the classical world; indeed, it is these ideas and processes that make it deserving of the art label.