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Includes bibliographical references (pages. 379-400). / This dissertation responds to the need for integration between researchers and decision-makers who are dealing with complex social-ecological system sustainability and decision-making challenges. To this end, we propose a new approach, called Bayesian Participatory-based Decision Analysis (BPDA), which makes use of graphical causal maps and Bayesian networks to facilitate integration at the appropriate scales and levels of descriptions. The BPDA approach is not a predictive approach, but rather, caters for a wide range of future scenarios in anticipation of the need to adapt to unforeseeable changes as they occur. We argue that the graphical causal models and Bayesian networks constitute an evolutionary, adaptive formalism for integrating research and decision-making for sustainable development. The approach was implemented in a number of different interdisciplinary case studies that were concerned with social-ecological system scale challenges and problems, culminating in a study where the approach was implemented with decision-makers in Government. This dissertation introduces the BPDA approach, and shows how the approach helps identify critical cross-scale and cross-sector linkages and sensitivities, and addresses critical requirements for understanding system resilience and adaptive capacity.

Darbe buvo išsikeltas tikslas, įvertinti veiksnius, sąlygojančius savikliovos lygį. Tyrime dalyvavo 190 tiriamųjų iš skirtingų įmonių. Tiriamųjų amžius buvo nuo 23 iki 45 metų. Amžiaus vidurkis 29, 5 metai. Atliekant tyrimą buvo naudojamos trys užduotys. Dvi užduotys po 10 klausimų ir viena užduotis su 6 klausimais. Visose užduotyse tiriamieji turėjo pasirinkti vieną iš dviejų alternatyvų ir šalia nurodyti savo įsitikinimą, kad pasirinktas atsakymas teisingas nuo 50 % iki 100 %. Buvo išsikeltos 5 hipotezės : (1) vyrų savikliova aukštesnė priimant sprendimus nei moterų; (2) vyrai priimdami sprendimus padaro daugiau klaidų, nei moterys; (3) užimančių vadovaujamas pareigas savikliova yra aukštesnė nei nevadovaujamas pareigas užimančių žmonių; (4) žmoni��, atsakinėjančių į savo specialybei artimus klausimus, savikliova yra aukštesnė, nei žmonių, kuriems klausimai nėra artimi jų specialybei; (5) Dažniau savarankiškus sprendimus darbe priimančių žmonių savikliova aukštesnė. Rezultatai rodo, kad perdėtos savikliovos šiame tyrime nebuvo aptikta. Tačiau rezultatai parodė, kad vyrų savikliova yra didesnė nei moterų, kad vyrai, priimdami sprendimus daro daugiau klaidų nei moterys, tačiau statistiškai reikšmingo skirtumo nebuvo rasta tarp vadovaujančias ir nevadovaujančias pareigas užimančių tiriamųjų, taip pat statistiškai reikšmingo skirtumo nebuvo aptikta ir tarp tiriamųjų atsakinėjančių į savo specialybei artimus klausimus ir tiriamųjų, kurių specialybė nėra artima atsakinėjamiems... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors, which do impact for confidence level. The participants were 190 from different companies, aged 23 – 45. Each participant received three tasks. Two task consists of 10 question each, and one task of 6 questions. All three tasks required to choose one of two alternatives and then report confidence on a scale of 50 to 100 %. It was hipothesized that: (1) Confidence of males is higher level than females; (2) males make more mistakes, than females; (3) confidence of managers is higher level, than not managers; (4) people, which speciality is close to task, have higher level of confidence, than people, which speciality isnt close to task; (5) people, which are making desicions more often by themself, has higher level of confidence, than people, which dont make desicions often. Rezults shows, that overconfidence wasnt find in this recearch. Rezults shows,that males have higher confidence, than females,that males make more mistakes, than females, but statistically significant depends wasnt find between managers and no-managers, as well statistically significant depends wasnt find between people, which specialyti was close to task and people, which speciality wasnt close to task. But rezults shows, that people, which making desicions more often, have higher confidence, than people, which dont make desicion often.

Bartram och Moura (2014) och Hoeg (2008) har båda listat upp olika sätt för speldesigners att leda spelare i spel men att det finns få studier inom området. Tanken med detta arbete har varit att titta på specifika tillämpningar för att förstå vilken väg spelare väljer vid symmetriska vägval då ett av alternativen visar vägen för spelaren. Problemet mynnar ut i frågeställningen: När spelare står inför två symmetriska vägval, vilken väg väljer då spelare ifall ett av alternativen antingen leds av ett landmärke, en skylt eller partiklar i rörelse? För att ge svar på detta har en artefakt skapats med en efterföljande enkät. Därefter har en analys förts på de 31 svaren som inkommit. Resultatet visar tecken på att personer i hög grad tillåter sig vägledas av tillämpningarna. I slutet görs en diskussion gällande relevanta aspekter rörande arbetet och området. / Bartram and Moura (2014) and Hoeg (2008) have both listed different ways for game designers to lead players in games but that there are few studies done in this field. The thought behind this thesis have been to study different wayfinding cues to understand which path players choose at a symmetrical decision where one option leads the player. With the problem the following becomes the issue: When players face two symmetrical choices, which way does the player choose if one of the options are leading the player with a landmark, a sign or moving particles? To answer this, an artifact has been created with an subsequent questionnaire. Subsequently, an analysis was made of the 31 responses received. The results show signs of people to a high degree allows themselves to be guided by the wayfinding cues studied in this paper. A discussion on relevant aspects of the work and the field are presented at the end.

<p><p>Bakgrund: I Sverige har abort varit lagligt sedan 1975. Kvinnor har rätt att själva fatta abortbeslut fram till graviditetsvecka 18. Varje år görs 30 – 40 000 aborter i Sverige. Abortupplevelsen kan vara emotionellt komplicerad för många kvinnor och varierar beroende på hur kvinnans livssituation ser ut. Syfte: Beskriva kvinnors emotionella upplevelser före och efter inducerad abort. Metod: En litteraturstudie har gjorts, som utgår från femton kvalitativa artiklar, vilka har analyserats och kvalitetsgranskats. Datainsamling utfördes via sökningar i databaserna PsychInfo, PsychArticles, PubMed samt Cinahl. Resultat: Kvinnors emotionella upplevelser vid abortbeslut samt det stöd som ges i samband med aborter påverkar kvinnans fortsatta liv i olika grad. Kvinnor uttrycker att stödet de får i samband med aborter är otillräckligt. Slutsats: För att bespara kvinnorna lidande över lång tid behöver stödet till kvinnorna i abortsituationer utvecklas. Sjuksköterskan bör därför bli medveten om kvinnors komplexa upplevelser för att kunna ge kvinnan det stöd som behövs.</p></p> / <p>Background: In Sweden, abortion has been legal since 1975, giving women the right to make the abortion decision herself until pregnancy week 18. Every year, 30 - 40 000 abortions are conducted in Sweden. The abortion experience can be emotionally difficult for many women, but varies depending on the women’s life situation. Purpose: Describe women’s emotional experiences before and after an induced abortion. Method: A literature review of fifteen qualitative articles was made. They were analyzed and quality assessed. Data collection was conducted through searches in the databases PsychInfo, PsychArticles, PubMed and Cinahl. Results: Women's emotional experiences in the abortion decision and the support she receives in relation to abortion, affect her continued life in varying degrees. Women expressed that the support they received in connection with the abortion were inadequate. Conclusion: In order to spare women suffering over a long period of time, there is a need to develop the support women receive in abortion situations. The nurse should be aware of women's complex experiences in order to give women the support they need.</p>

Bakgrund: I Sverige har abort varit lagligt sedan 1975. Kvinnor har rätt att själva fatta abortbeslut fram till graviditetsvecka 18. Varje år görs 30 – 40 000 aborter i Sverige. Abortupplevelsen kan vara emotionellt komplicerad för många kvinnor och varierar beroende på hur kvinnans livssituation ser ut. Syfte: Beskriva kvinnors emotionella upplevelser före och efter inducerad abort. Metod: En litteraturstudie har gjorts, som utgår från femton kvalitativa artiklar, vilka har analyserats och kvalitetsgranskats. Datainsamling utfördes via sökningar i databaserna PsychInfo, PsychArticles, PubMed samt Cinahl. Resultat: Kvinnors emotionella upplevelser vid abortbeslut samt det stöd som ges i samband med aborter påverkar kvinnans fortsatta liv i olika grad. Kvinnor uttrycker att stödet de får i samband med aborter är otillräckligt. Slutsats: För att bespara kvinnorna lidande över lång tid behöver stödet till kvinnorna i abortsituationer utvecklas. Sjuksköterskan bör därför bli medveten om kvinnors komplexa upplevelser för att kunna ge kvinnan det stöd som behövs. / Background: In Sweden, abortion has been legal since 1975, giving women the right to make the abortion decision herself until pregnancy week 18. Every year, 30 - 40 000 abortions are conducted in Sweden. The abortion experience can be emotionally difficult for many women, but varies depending on the women’s life situation. Purpose: Describe women’s emotional experiences before and after an induced abortion. Method: A literature review of fifteen qualitative articles was made. They were analyzed and quality assessed. Data collection was conducted through searches in the databases PsychInfo, PsychArticles, PubMed and Cinahl. Results: Women's emotional experiences in the abortion decision and the support she receives in relation to abortion, affect her continued life in varying degrees. Women expressed that the support they received in connection with the abortion were inadequate. Conclusion: In order to spare women suffering over a long period of time, there is a need to develop the support women receive in abortion situations. The nurse should be aware of women's complex experiences in order to give women the support they need.

This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of security companies for ZETOR TRACTORS a.s. using fuzzy logic models. The main part of the thesis consists of proposals for the evaluation of the suppliers' evaluation of the company. Decision models are created in Microsoft Excel and Matlab. Another part of the thesis deals with analysis and comparison of results from both programs.

The diploma thesis deals with evaluation of fertilizer suppliers using fuzzy logic models. The main part of the thesis consists of proposals for the evaluation of the company's suppliers. Decision models are created in Microsoft Excel and Matlab. Another part of the thesis deals with analysis and comparison of results from both programs.

The most important factor which people consider when deciding whether to invest in their own housing is the price of the selected real estate and the way of its financing. The aim of this thesis is to attempt to compile a complete list of products which are suitable for real estate financing, using methods of multicriteria decision in evaluating these products and examination of the appropriateness of the methods. The objective is to theoretically describe and practically analyse not only primary mortgage loans, but also ordinary and bridging loans from buildings savings. The core of this thesis are chapter four and chapter five. These chapters present the results of applying individual methods of multicriteria optimization to the organization and evaluation of the alternatives of selected loan types. In conclusion is chosen the best product.