A wide range of individuals, from counselors to psychiatrists, have recognized the value of residential treatment centers for at-risk youth. Many residential treatment centers foster therapeutic interventions indoors. Typically, however, there have been few initiatives taken to enhance the outdoor landscapes of these facilities. In particular, potential supplements to therapeutic practices such as landforms and sculpture have been overlooked. This creative project explores how outdoor settings can be enhanced with landforms to provide at-risk youth with alternative venues to address aggressive and antisocial behaviors. Additionally, group activities are considered that could take place in these spaces, using landforms as educational tools.The purpose of this creative project was to determine ways to utilize sculptural landforms in support of treatment plans at a residential treatment facility. The research process included interviews with employees of the Youth Opportunity Center (YOC) in Muncie, Indiana, site visits to various outdoor public spaces, and reviews of the writings of Clare Cooper Marcus and Marni Barnes. The research phase contributed to the development of a design program, and led to the development of design concepts for the YOC. These concepts are documented in master plan, elevation, and sketch form. The research and design concepts are found in the following document. / Department of Landscape Architecture

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6827.pdf: 6176457 bytes, checksum: 823dd52eccef3613576b10cc5541f646 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The mechanization of sugarcane harvesting in Brazil has been presenting significant growth since 2007. The machines used in the fields were originally designed in Australia and were transferred to Brazil in the 70 s. Since its original conception, the design has suffered several modifications and improvements. In ergonomics, it is known that the appropriation of artifacts leads to a process of construction and reconstruction of uses and devices, so that the design continues in usage. With this regard, the present study aimed to analyze the process of design in use of sugarcane harvester machines and to contribute to the understanding of how users design. Considering that the machine was originated in Australia, the study also aimed to conduct a comparative study between the two situations, based on the principles of antropotechnology. Furthermore, given the historical participation of users in design process of sugarcane harvesters, the study also aimed to verify whether this participation still exists now that the design is controlled by multi-national equipment manufacturers. For this purpose, three case study were conducted in Brazil and two in Australia, according to the principles of Ergonomic Work Analysis. The obtained results describe the studied situations, the activity and operation, the modifications in machine s design performed by the harvesting teams, the elaboration process and the need for design improvements. The modifications in machines design were divided into three categories: structural, functional and operational. Structural modifications aimed to adapt the technology to Brazilian conditions: the soil characteristics and the duration of the harvesting season in the country. Functional modifications aimed to solve design problems not anticipated by designers during design process. Operational modifications represented the contribution of users and their activity to the design. In Brazil, several modifications were found and they were elaborated through the articulation of competences of two actors: harvester operator and harvester mechanic. Besides the differences in the amount of modifications, other differences between the two countries were the work organization and the harvesting strategies. It can be concluded that: 1) design in use is essential to adapt a technology to local conditions of usage; 2) the genesis of instrumental genesis is in the junction of operators activity and of mechanics inventory to practice bricolage as a way of designing, as well as the existence of social spaces of interaction between these subjects; 3) users participation, which has always been essential to the design of sugarcane harvester machines, is still crucial and can be reached through a dialogical approach of design. / A mecanização do corte de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil vem apresentando crescimento significativo desde 2007. As máquinas empregadas nos canaviais tiveram seu projeto originado na Austrália, sendo transferidas para o Brasil na década de 70. Desde sua concepção inicial, o projeto das máquinas sofreu diversas modificações e aprimoramentos. Na ergonomia, é sabido que a apropriação dos artefatos levam a um processo de construção e reconstrução de usos e dispositivos, de modo que o projeto continua no uso. Neste tocante, o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal analisar o processo de concepção no uso das máquinas colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar e contribuir para a compreensão de como os usuários projetam. Considerando que a máquina teve origem na Austrália, buscou-se realizar um estudo comparativo entre as duas condições de utilização, com base nos pressupostos da abordagem da antropotecnologia. Além disso, dado o histórico de participação de usuários no projeto das máquinas colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar, buscou-se compreender se essa participação ainda existe e como ela ocorre agora que a fabricação das máquinas é dominada por grandes fabricantes. Para isso, foram realizados estudos de caso em três situações no Brasil e duas situações na Austrália, segundo os pressupostos da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET). Os resultados obtidos descrevem as situações estudadas, a atividade e os detalhes da operação, as modificações no projeto realizadas pelas equipes, seu processo de elaboração e as necessidades de melhorias. As modificações no projeto foram divididas em três categorias: estruturais, funcionais e operacionais. As modificações estruturais visavam adequar a tecnologia às condições de uso do Brasil: características dos terrenos e a duração da operação das máquinas em uma safra brasileira. As modificações funcionais resolviam problemas de projeto não antecipados durante o processo de concepção dos projetistas. Já as modificações funcionais representaram a contribuição dos usuários e do desenvolvimento da atividade para o projeto. No Brasil foram encontradas inúmeras modificações, elaboradas através da articulação das competências de dois atores: operador de máquina e mecânico. Além das diferenças nas modificações no artefato, outras duas diferenças relevantes entre os países foram com relação à organização do trabalho e à estratégia de corte. Conclui-se que: 1) o projeto no uso é essencial para adequar uma tecnologia às condições de uso locais; 2) a gênese das gêneses instrumentais está na junção da atividade dos operadores e do repertório dos mecânicos para praticar a bricolagem, bem como na existência de espaços sociais de interação entre esses atores; 3) a participação dos usuários, que sempre foi fundamental para 8 o projeto das máquinas colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar, continua sendo essencial e pode ser alcançada através de uma abordagem dialógica de concepção.

This thesis aims to describe the addictive design of digital technologies together with its principles through the concept of the attention economy, problematic use of technology, the discipline of design, and mental processes behind the formation of the habit. Besides that, the goal is to map the Czech environment of user awareness of this type of design and its principles by a quantitative questionnaire survey.

Travaux d'études doctorales réalisées conjointement avec les travaux de recherches doctorales de Nicolas Leduc, étudiant au doctorat en génie informatique à l'École Polytechnique de Montréal. / Cette thèse vise le développement de GeoGebraTUTOR (GGBT), un espace de travail géométrique (ETG) qui intègre un système tutoriel pour l’obtention d’un milieu respectueux du raisonnement idiosyncratique de l’élève. Le raisonnement mathématique, comme l’apprentissage, ne s’exerce pas de manière linéaire, il repose sur un remaniement conceptuel continu. Il est donc peu étonnant qu’une approche séquentielle inflexible pour l’exercice de la démonstration en géométrie soit source d’embûches. Les systèmes tutoriels existants pour l’exercice de la démonstration en géométrie offrent une variété d’outils sans pour autant soulager l’élève de cette rigidité. Le design multidisciplinaire de GGBT repose sur une conception dans l’usage qui articule plusieurs cycles de recherche et de développement successifs. Cette méthodologie itérative et anthropocentrique confère à GGBT une intelligence qui nait d’une convergence d’analyses a priori et a posteriori successives. Cette thèse concerne les deux premiers cycles du développement de GGBT. La première phase du développement implique l’élaboration a priori d’un système capable de recevoir et d’analyser les démarches singulières de démonstration des élèves en fonction de solutions expertes préalablement identifiées. Ce premier prototype de GGBT est conçu en fonction d’une analyse de la relation didactique entre un enseignant réel et l’élève, et la relation didactique simulée entre un agent tuteur virtuel et ce même élève. Cette analyse théorique a priori établit un cadre conceptuel liminaire qui vise à encadrer la création d’un ETG idoine permettant à l’apprenti géomètre de se livrer à son travail mathématique. Cette version initiale de GGBT est mise à l’essai par des élèves réels guidés par leur enseignant ordinaire. Leurs interactions sont ensuite étudiées pour modéliser et implémenter un premier système tutoriel autonome à l’image des échanges témoignant du contrat didactique observé. Le second cycle de développement s’amorce avec la modélisation et la programmation d’une structure tutorielle autonome et d’une interface renouvelée, qui contribuent conjointement au design a priori d’un espace de travail géométrique. La deuxième version ainsi obtenue est également testée en contexte de classe réel. Cette fois, l’exercice empirique vise la validation de la gestion des messages par le système tutoriel et l’exploration des raisonnements instrumentés dans une perspective de précision du travail géométrique possible à l’interface de l’ETG qu’est GGBT. Ce parcours doctoral se clôt par l’exploration d’avenues de recherche potentielles pour la poursuite du développement et du raffinement de GGBT. / This thesis aims at modeling GeoGebraTUTOR, a geometrical workspace that relies on the works of a tutorial system for the definition of a milieu respectful of the student’s idiosyncratic reasoning. Mathematical reasoning, like learning, does not evolve in a linear fashion. It relies on continuous conceptual reorganizations. Therefore, it is little wonder that a linear and inflexible approach for the exercise of geometrical proof creates difficulties. Existing tutorial systems for the solving of geometrical proof problems offer a variety of tools without relieving the student of this rigidity. GGBT’s multidisciplinary design relies on a design in use approach that articulates a series of research and development cycles. This iterative anthropocentric methodology provides GGBT with an intelligence resulting from the confrontation of successive a priori and a posteriori analyses. This thesis is rooted in GGBT’s two first development cycles. The first phase of design implies the planning of a system able to take in singular student proofs and analyze their value compared to previously implemented expert answers. This first GGBT prototype is designed according to an analysis of the didactical relationship between the teacher and the student as well as the relationship that takes place between the student and the tutor agent who evolves within the didactical milieu. This a priori analysis establishes theoretical guidelines, which will steer the design of a geometrical workspace that enables the learning geometer to accomplish his mathematical work. A first GGBT prototype is put to the test with real students assisted by their regular teacher. Their interactions are then studied in order to model and implement a first self-governing tutorial system according to the dialogues reflecting the observed didactical contract. The second design cycle begins with the modeling and programming of a tutorial structure and of a renewed interface, both of which contribute to the planning of a geometrical workspace. This second prototype is also tested in a real class environment, although this time the empirical exercise aims, on the one hand, at validating the management of the tutor’s help messages, and on the other hand at exploring the student’s instrumented reasoning to specify the mathematical activity made possible by the GGBT geometrical workspace. This doctoral endeavor ends with the exploration of potential research avenues for the ongoing design and refining of GGBT.

Este estudo propõe a análise de paradigmas que se contextualizam a partir dos limites dos conceitos tradicionais de design industrial. O objetivo é situar formas alternativas de design, abrindo uma reflexão sobre o seu significado e suas contribuições no que se refere a questões socioeconômicas e ambientais. O termo gambiarra - visto como uma \"técnica\" ou procedimento alternativo - é escolhido aqui para representar essas diversas práticas usadas parar configurar artefatos improvisados, porém relacionando-as à realidade brasileira. Esta idéia, quando vinculada a conceitos e proposições no que concerne ao design, provoca uma série de reflexões e questionamentos em torno da constituição destes artefatos no universo da cultura material brasileira. / This research proposes the overview of the paradigms that comes from the limits of the traditional concepts of industrial design. The objective is to study alternative types of design, introducing reflections about the meaning and their contributions to social and environment subjects. Gambiarra, a Brazilian original term, usually translated to the expression ?make do?, and seen as an alternative procedure, is used to represent those practices that provide improved artifacts, however relating them to the Brazilian reality. This idea, when related to propositions and concepts of design, contributes with a range of reflections about the constitution of these artifacts on the universe of the Brazilian material culture.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le programme de recherche empirique et technologique du «cours d’action » (Theureau, 1992) en anthropologie cognitive. Elle étudie la conception, l’usage et les effets d’un dispositif collectif de vidéo-formation, destiné à des étudiants de Licence STAPS pour développer leur capacité à analyser et comprendre des situations de classe en Éducation physique et sportive (EPS), à l’échelle de la leçon. Deux visées sont poursuivies : a) une visée épistémique cherchant à mieux comprendre les formes d’activité et d’expérience déployées par les étudiants en situation de vidéo-formation et b) une visée de conception technologique du dispositif de vidéo-formation orienté « activité » et répondant à une démarche de conception continuée dans l’usage. L’étude a été réalisée avec un groupe d’étudiants (n=15) inscrits dans une UE de préprofessionnalisation en 3ème année de Licence Éducation et Motricité en STAPS. Cinq types de données ont été recueillies durant le dispositif alternant des périodes de stages et de TD à l’Université : (i) des données d’enregistrement vidéo de l’activité en classe des étudiants durant le stage et aussi en formation, (ii) des traces écrites produites par les étudiants en stage et en formation (journaux de bord), (iii) des données d’entretien d’autoconfrontation sur leur activité en classe et (iv) sur leurs traces écrites, et (v) des données quantitatives et qualitatives issues de questionnaires. Les résultats révèlent (i) une appropriation par les étudiants d’une grille leur permettant d’analyser une leçon d’EPS et d’en discrétiser les moments-clés, (ii) une expérience vécue en vidéo-formation qui traduit une inclination réflexive sur les moments de face à face pédagogique dans la leçon d’EPS, (iii) quatre formes typiques d’analyse des vidéos de classe (décrire, juger, interpréter, se projeter), témoignant d’une activité d’observation centrée sur l’enseignant en classe comme manager, et d’une cécité aux apprentissages moteurs des élèves ; (iv) le rôle des pairs comme accélérateur de la capacité à analyser les pratiques de classe. Ces résultats relatifs à l’activité des étudiants en formation ont permis d’envisager conjointement la conception de différentes phases du dispositif, finalisée par une première plateforme de formation en ligne « Former à l’intervention en EPS » (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2014a), puis une seconde « Observation et Régul@ction en EPS » (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2016) / This thesis is part of the empirical and technological research program of the "course of action" (Theureau, 1992) in cognitive anthropology. She is studying the design, use and effects of a collective video-training device for undergraduate students in Physical Education to develop their ability to analyze and understand classroom situations in Physical Education. Two aims are pursued: a) an epistemic aim seeking to better understand the forms of activity and experience deployed by students in a video-training situation and b) a technological design aim of the "activity-oriented" video-training device and responding to a design in use process. The study was conducted with a group of students (n = 15) enrolled in a pre-professionalization course in the third year degree in Physical Education Teacher Education. Five types of data were collected during the device based on periods of internships and workshop at University: (i) video recording data of student's classroom activity during the internship and also during workshop, (ii) written records produced by students during internship and workshop, (iii) self-confrontation interview data on their activity in classroom and (iv) in their written records, and (v) quantitative and qualitative data from surveys. The results reveal (i) students' appropriation of a grid allowing them to analyze PE lesson and to analyze the key moments, (ii) a lived experience in video-training which reflects a reflexive inclination on pedagogical face-to-face moments in the PE lesson, (iii) four typical forms of classroom video analysis (describe, judge, interpret, project), evidence of teacher-centered observation activity in classroom as a manager, and a blindness to student motor learning activity; (iv) the role of peers as an accelerator of the ability to analyze class practices. These results relating to the activity of students in training made it possible to jointly consider the design of different phases of the system, finalized by a first online training platform "Former à l’intervention en EPS" (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2014a), then a second "Observation e tRégul@tion en EPS" (Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2016)

Este estudo propõe a análise de paradigmas que se contextualizam a partir dos limites dos conceitos tradicionais de design industrial. O objetivo é situar formas alternativas de design, abrindo uma reflexão sobre o seu significado e suas contribuições no que se refere a questões socioeconômicas e ambientais. O termo gambiarra - visto como uma \"técnica\" ou procedimento alternativo - é escolhido aqui para representar essas diversas práticas usadas parar configurar artefatos improvisados, porém relacionando-as à realidade brasileira. Esta idéia, quando vinculada a conceitos e proposições no que concerne ao design, provoca uma série de reflexões e questionamentos em torno da constituição destes artefatos no universo da cultura material brasileira. / This research proposes the overview of the paradigms that comes from the limits of the traditional concepts of industrial design. The objective is to study alternative types of design, introducing reflections about the meaning and their contributions to social and environment subjects. Gambiarra, a Brazilian original term, usually translated to the expression ?make do?, and seen as an alternative procedure, is used to represent those practices that provide improved artifacts, however relating them to the Brazilian reality. This idea, when related to propositions and concepts of design, contributes with a range of reflections about the constitution of these artifacts on the universe of the Brazilian material culture.

The aim of the Diploma thesis is to evaluate the selected object-oriented (OO) methodology as it was defined by its author, on the basis of defined criteria, whether it is applicable in practice when designing an information system, with a main focus on analysis of the new core banking system supporting key processes of payment institution and Forex broker. Diploma thesis describes selected OO methodologies and notations used in the analysis and design of information systems. Further, it focuses on the evaluation of the real usage of selected method (Unified Process) in the environment of payment institution. It confronts the theoretical definition of a selected OO methodology with its application during the analysis of IS through practical demonstrations created within the case study.

Changes of physical, functional and social structure of the city as a result of the group of variously interrelated changes and events that are fundamentally participate in the formation of the image of the urban development. This doctoral thesis is based on research of the historical city center - squared. First part is focuses on the historical development of urban texture of the inner city of Brno and its squares. We are talking about Square of Freedom, Vegetable Market, Dominican square, Jacobs square, Capuchins square and Šilingrovo square. Based on individual characteristics, describing the emergence of morphological and functional changes in Brno square was created urban classification of basic types of square. City of Brno, as the capital city of region has a significant position in the structure of settlements. This fact has become one of the key aspects for the selection of examples of European cities and their squares. The second part of the thesis is based on comparative studies of different types of historical squares. In order to define the value of public spaces, it is necessary to look at the public places of historical perspective and deal with the causes that led to the decline of the importance and role of public spaces. Austrian capital cities of region (Graz, Linz, Klagenfurt and Salzburg) will be examined with regard to similar climatic conditions and a common cultural and historical context of the city. Based on urban patterns and graphic diagrams of each square are observed inner relationships between shapes of square, form, function and location of the position of an artwork. Research areas are also focused on comparing aspects of transport, green space, functional use, visual unit and social activities. The public space is shaped by a set of characteristics that promote diversity and interdependence of functions. For a better interpretation of the results have been established two benchmarks - symbol of identification with the place and the Magnet (function and filling space). The objective of the thesis is to define an aspects and elements of space which were involved in square use.