The purpose of this study is to explore the relational contradictions experienced by family business daughters, and to investigate how they responded to these tensions. For this project, I interviewed twelve second and third generation family business daughters from eleven different family businesses. I utilized research procedures similar to grounded theory to analyze my interview transcripts. I examined relational tensions at both a personal level and an organizational level involving the larger work-family system. At a personal level, the connection/separation contradiction is significant to family business daughters and to their relationships with work and family. Many family business daughters helped at the family business because it was a means of emotional connection to family members who work there. Some family business daughters went so far as sacrificing their personal goals for family business goals. At an organizational level, one advantage of working at a family business was the flexibility it provided family business daughters to respond to family emergencies. Yet ironically, family business daughters were not granted the same accommodations for schedule demands associated with childcare. Family business daughters who were mothers often felt as if they could not be good mothers and productive workers. I explored the gendered basis of these different tensions, particularly as they arise from the ideology of separate spheres and patriarchal assumptions concerning the public-private divide and the assumed separation of family and work. I argue family business daughters have inherited a phenomenal work ethic that makes them successful business women yet they have also inherited the legacy of the founder's sexist attitudes toward motherhood and work. These sexist attitudes live in the organizational culture, and family business mothers adopt a separate spheres discourse in which they must choose between their work and their family. They address these relational tensions through the strategy of balancing family and work; however, this places family business daughters in a position where they feel as if they have to sacrifice in both the areas. I contend the family business should treat its members as "whole beings" by merging family into work.

Few studies enlighten the problem associated with the dialectical relationship between adults and adolescents and how that affects the construction of identity for adolescent’s, in relation to two areas that are closely bordering to each other but differs socioeconomically whereas one area is much weaker on resources than the other. These two areas is Högberget and Haganäs, which are situated in a larger city in Sweden. For us to be able to enlighten this problem we have chosen to use an inductive research approach so that we can explain how adolescents construct their identity and how the organized spare time, in addition with the influence of adults, impacts on adolescents construction of their identity. Therefore we have used interviews as method, both group and individual, so it can regulate which theories that influence our study. The two theories that wires through the entire study are firstly Peter L. Bergman and Thomas Luckmanns theory on social construction where the idea is that the human being is an active social being that constructs its own reality. The secondary theory used in our study is Anthony Giddens theory on identity and modernity in a postmodern society that enlightens the construction of identity in addition to the reflective being in our modern society, and how that aid people in constructing our self-identity and identity. Some important aspects that are revealed during this study is how important it is for adolescents to get to experience some aspects of safety, solidarity, trust, influence et cetera. And how important these aspects are on creating a conjunction between adults and adolescents, the dialectical relationship where the relationship is mutual, which is so important for adolescent’s construction of identity in relation to their leisure time.

Confrontés à de nouvelles réalités cliniques, institutionnelles et sociétales, les thérapeutes familiaux sont de plus en plus souvent amenés à aménager leurs « cadres », inaugurant de nouvelles configurations de Thérapie Familiale Psychanalytique qui interpellent les fondements épistémologiques du modèle de référence. L’auteure propose d’aborder cette problématique dans une double perspective de « travail auto-méta » (R. ROUSSILLON, 2001), recouvrant d’une part une réflexion sur les invariants fonctionnels fondamentaux de l’action analytique familiale ; d’autre part l’élaboration de quelques vertex à partir desquels appréhender de façon intégrative ses divers modes d’actualisation clinique contemporains. Sur la base de l’analyse différentielle des logiques processuelles à l’œuvre dans deux TFP « aménagées », cette recherche propose ainsi d’en dégager quelques axes de lecture transversale, en lien avec les modalités spécifiques de remise en transitionnalité et au travail de transitionnalité du fonctionnement psychique familial mobilisées dans des situations où les opérateurs thérapeutiques classiques ne sont pas accessibles, opérants ou exploitables par les familles. Sont plus particulièrement mises en réflexion les conditions auxquelles différentes formes d’expériences interactionnelles concrètes peuvent alors tenir fonction de suppléance au partage onirique familial, à la faveur d’un processus de co-construction, en trouvé/créé dans l’actualité du néo-groupe, des ressources transitionnalisantes du cadre thérapeutique. Suggérant de concevoir le « travail du préconscient familial » comme repère métapsychologique transversal aux différentes pratiques de TFP, l’auteur esquisse sur cette base quelques pistes de modélisation relatives à l’« effet d’outsight » (P. DUBOR, 1996) qui en organise le déploiement dans ces conditions où la dynamique interfantasmatique se soutient d’un détour par le réel extérieur d’étayages matérialisés (méta-cadre institutionnel, supports de médiations). Cet angle d’approche invite à réenvisager les préceptes de la « cure-type familiale », édifiés sur le modèle du rêve, à la lumière de voies et formes d’expression processuelle empruntant davantage au modèle du jeu mais relevant d’une même essence profonde. / Faced with new clinical, institutional and societal realities, family therapists are increasingly called upon to adjust their “settings”, introducing new configurations of Psychoanalytic Family Therapy which challenge the epistemological foundations of the reference model. The author proposes to approach this issue in an auto-meta twofold perspective, covering on one hand a reflection on the fundamental invariants of the psychoanalytic family action; on the other the development of some vertices from which to grasp in an integrative approach her contemporary patterns of clinical actualization. Based on the differential analysis of the processual logic at work in two “adjusted” PFT, this research proposes to identify axes for a transversal reading in connection with the specific terms of the family work of transitionality mobilized in situations where the classical therapeutic operators are not accessible, operative or usable by the families. Specifically set for thinking are the conditions for which various forms of concrete interactional experiences can then play the role of substitute for the family oniric sharing, through a co-constructive process, in a found/created mode within the neo-group, of the setting’s transitional resources. Suggesting to conceive the “family preconscious work” as a metapsychological reference transversal to the different PFT practices, the author sketches some modelling perspectives relating to the “outsight effect” that organizes its deployment in these conditions where the interfantasmatic dynamics support itself with a detour passing by the external reality of materialized shorings (institutional meta-setting, therapeutic mediums).This angle of approach invites to reconsider the “classical psychoanalytic family cure” precepts, built on the dream model, in the light of processual expression’s ways and forms taking more from the play model but belonging to the same profound essence.