Yes / The attraction of blue-chip listings in emerging stock markets is a major policy initiative common across much of the developing world. In many cases however, local blue-chip firms are the result of foreign Multinational Enterprise (MNE) firms engaging with local indigenous partners to form an international joint venture (IJV). These are unique with bilateral governance structures underscoring co-ownership between partners of residual cash flows and assets of the IJV. Using a unique and comprehensive sample of 202 IPO firms from across the emerging African region evidence of both a pronounced internal as well as external role for IJV boards was found. Social and political legitimacy concerns dominate the external role of boards in particular. Increasing proportions of boards drawn from commercial and governmental social elites are associated with IJV IPO firms in high institutional quality while lower proportions of these elites are associated with civil code law jurisdictions rather than common law. Governmental elites are associated with country-level improvements in corruption control and political stability while commercial elites are only marginally associated with improvements in political stability, regulatory quality, rule of law and democratic voice and accountability measures.

Jie Jenny Tian. / Thesis submitted in 2000. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-137). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1 --- Agency Theory Approach to Corporate Governance --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Stewardship Theory Approach to Corporate Governance --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Research on Board of Directors: Prescriptions and Empirical Evidence --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Board Composition Studies --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Board Leadership Structure Studies --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.24 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- REFORM AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: A CHINESE CASE --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1 --- China's Enterprise Reform: An Overview --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2 --- State as Shareholder: The State Assets Management System --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3 --- Asset Restructuring before IPO --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4 --- Corporate Governance Research in China: Theories and Empirical Evidence --- p.43 / Chapter 3.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.46 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- THEORIES AND HYPOTHESES --- p.47 / Chapter 4.1 --- Theoretical Background and Research Questions --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2 --- A New Approach to Understanding Board Composition in China --- p.51 / Chapter 4.3 --- Board Composition and Firm Performance --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Agency Theory Hypotheses --- p.57 / Independent Directors and Firm Performance --- p.57 / Affiliated Directors and Firm Performance --- p.59 / Board Size and Firm Performance --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Stewardship Theory Hypotheses --- p.62 / Independent Directors and Firm Performance --- p.62 / Affiliated Directors and Firm Performance --- p.65 / Board Size and Firm Performance --- p.71 / Chapter 4.4 --- Board Leadership Structure and Firm Performance --- p.72 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Agency Theory Hypothesis --- p.72 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Stewardship Theory Hypothesis --- p.74 / Chapter 4.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.77 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.78 / Chapter 5.1 --- Sample Selection --- p.78 / Chapter 5.2 --- Variables and Measurement --- p.82 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Independent Variables (IVs) --- p.82 / Board Composition --- p.82 / Board Leadership Structure --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Dependent Variables (DVs) --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Control Variables --- p.86 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- RESULTS --- p.94 / Chapter 6.1 --- Results based on the Full Sample (N=203) --- p.94 / Chapter 6.2 --- Results based on the Streamlined Sample (N = 197) --- p.101 / Chapter CHAPTER 7. --- "DISCUSSION, LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSION" --- p.107 / Chapter 7.1 --- Discussion --- p.107 / Chapter 7.2 --- Limitations --- p.116 / Chapter 7.3 --- Conclusion and Future Research Direction --- p.118 / References --- p.121

Lui, Kai Yin. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-55). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Chinese Version --- p.ii / Acknowledgments --- p.iii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.6 / Chapter 3 --- Research Hypothesis --- p.8 / Chapter 3.1 --- Institutional Setting --- p.8 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Monitoring Effectiveness of Independent Directors --- p.11 / Chapter 4 --- Methodology --- p.15 / Chapter 4.1 --- Negative Opinion Issuances --- p.15 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Personal Characteristics of Independent Directors --- p.17 / Chapter 4.3 --- Control Grouping Methods --- p.21 / Chapter 4.4 --- Board Structure --- p.23 / Chapter 4.5 --- Control Variables --- p.24 / Chapter 4.6 --- Regional Governance --- p.25 / Chapter 4.7 --- ST Companies --- p.27 / Chapter 5 --- Data --- p.29 / Chapter 5.1 --- Negative Opinion Issuance --- p.29 / Chapter 5.2 --- The Personal Characteristics of Independent Directors --- p.30 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Treatment Group --- p.31 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Control Group --- p.32 / Chapter 5.3 --- Board Structure --- p.32 / Chapter 5.4 --- Control Variables --- p.33 / Chapter 5.5 --- Regional Governance --- p.34 / Chapter 5.6 --- ST Companies --- p.34 / Chapter 6 --- Empirical Results --- p.36 / Chapter 6.1 --- Testing Means of Two Samples --- p.36 / Chapter 6.2 --- Event Study --- p.37 / Chapter 6.3 --- Logistic Regressions --- p.38 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- The Personal Characteristics of Independent Directors --- p.39 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Board Structure --- p.40 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Regional Governance --- p.42 / Chapter 6.3.4 --- Pull Set of Variables --- p.43 / Chapter 6.4 --- Checking Robustness of Results by Using ST Companies --- p.46 / Chapter 7 --- Summary and Conclusion --- p.47 / References --- p.49 / Appendix --- p.56 / "Table 1: Negative Opinion Issuance, Descriptive Statistics" --- p.56 / "Table 2: Negative Opinion Issuance, by Categories" --- p.56 / Table 3: Sample Companies Location Distribution --- p.57 / "Table 4: Personal Characteristics, Descriptive Statistics I" --- p.58 / "Table 5: Personal Characteristics, Descriptive Statistics II" --- p.59 / Table 6: Board Structure and Control Variables: Descriptive Statistics --- p.60 / Table 7: Regional Governance Indices --- p.61 / "Table 8: ST companies, Descriptive Statistics" --- p.62 / Table 9: Negative Opinion Issuance and Company Status Changes --- p.62 / "Table 10: The Level of Negative Opinion Issuance, the Respective Com- panies and Independent Directors Involved" --- p.62 / "Table 11: Personal Characteristics (ST Companies), Descriptive Statistics I" --- p.63 / "Table 12: Personal Characteristics (ST Companies), Descriptive Statistics II" --- p.64 / "Table 13: Board Structure and Control Variables (ST Companies), De- scriptive Statistics" --- p.64 / "Table 14: Mean-Comparison t-test Between Control and Treatment Groups, Personal Characteristics and Board Structure" --- p.65 / "Table 15: Event Study, by Different Event Windows" --- p.66 / "Table 16: Event Study, by Different Categories of Negative Opinions" --- p.66 / Table 17: Logistic Regression - Treatment Group Only (n = 144) --- p.67 / Table 18: Conditional Logistic Regression - Treatment Group and Control Group Paired Together According to Companies (n = 273). Personal Characteristics Variables Only --- p.68 / Table 19: Conditional Logistic Regression - Treatment Group and Control Group Paired Together According to Companies (n = 273). Board Structure and Control Variables Only --- p.69 / Table 20: Conditional Logistic Regression - Treatment Group and Control Group Paired Together According to Companies (n = 273). Regional Governance Only --- p.69 / Table 21: Conditional Logistic Regression - Treatment Group and Control Group Paired Together According to Companies (n = 273). All Variables --- p.70 / Table 22: Conditional Logistic Regression - Treatment Group and Control Group Paired Together According to Companies (n = 273). All Variables --- p.71 / Table 23: Ordered Logistic Regression - ST companies (n = 352) --- p.72

Tam, Wai Fung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Filmography: p. 133-136. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-129). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Abstract --- p.iv-vi / Table of Contents --- p.vi-viii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Background´ؤMembership of the Chinese “Sixth Generation´ح Directors --- p.7-23 / Chapter -- --- The Early Stage of the “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema --- p.7 / Chapter -- --- Current Commercial Turn among the “Sixth Generation´ح Directors --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Discourses on Chinese “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema --- p.24-61 / Chapter -- --- Analytical Framework --- p.24 / Chapter -- --- Scholastic Discourse on “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema --- p.27 / Chapter -- --- The Differences between Western Political Interpretations and the Chinese Populist Discourse on “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema --- p.35 / Chapter -- --- The Western Discourse´ؤA Liberal Political Definition --- p.36 / Chapter -- --- Chinese Populist Discourse on “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema --- p.43 / Chapter -- --- New Bom Generation --- p.52 / Chapter -- --- Independent Filmmaking´ؤDirectors' Views on the Naming of “Sixth Generation´ح --- p.55 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- "The Interrelationship between the Filmmakers, Discourses and Social Context" --- p.62-86 / Chapter -- --- Evaluations on the Discourses of “Sixth Generation´ح --- p.62 / Chapter -- --- The Dominant Features of the “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema --- p.65 / Chapter -- --- Relationship between the “Sixth Generation´ح Cinema and Chinese Socio-political Context --- p.70 / Chapter -- --- How “Independent´ح the “Sixth Generation´ح Filmmakers are? --- p.82 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Examining the Subversive Functions of the Naming of “Sixth Generation´ح --- p.86-114 / Chapter -- --- Political Subjectivity of the “Sixth Generation´ح Directors and its Relation with the Event --- p.86 / Chapter -- --- The Split Subject of the “Sixth Generation´ح Directors --- p.97 / Conclusion --- p.115-122 / Bibliography --- p.123-132 / Filmogarphy --- p.133-136

Thesis (MBA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / This research examined whether an improved participation of women in the board of Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) firms has any relationship with sustainability disclosure. Accordingly, the objective of this research was to examine the relationship between the number of women on the board and environmental, social and gender-employment disclosure in South African firms. The research applied a purposive sampling design to study the nine best socially responsible investing firms on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and secondary data were collected from the sustainability reports of the firms. Using a quantitative approach, the panel-data regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between women on the board of directors, environmental, social and gender employment disclosure. Energy consumption disclosure, social investment and the number of women employment in the firms were the proxy for environmental disclosure, social investment and gender employment disclosures respectively. Findings show a positive relationship between the number of women on the board of directors and firm disclosure on energy consumption, disclosure on women employment and social investment disclosure. However, the number of women employed in the corporate is still very low in comparison with the male counterparts. The research recommends that, given the unique social and environmental sensitivity of women, the corporate should recruit more women onto the boards to enhance accelerated corporate sustainability performance and disclosures. Key words: sustainability disclosure, women in the board, sustainability performance, energy disclosure, sustainable development

This dissertation includes two related chapters that investigate the value of multiple directorships. In the first chapter, I focus on potential tradeoffs between the costs and benefits of multiple directorships held by outside directors and attempt to determine how firm characteristics affect such tradeoffs. It is widely believed that outside directors of a firm play important functions of monitoring and advising. As a result, the basic hypothesis of the first essay is that multiple directorships by outside directors can have different implications for firms that have different levels of monitoring and advising needs. Consistent with this hypothesis, the evidence suggests that firm performance is positively associated with multiple directorships for firms with high growth opportunities and low agency conflicts. Such firms would benefit more from better advising while not suffering much from less monitoring. Likewise, firm performance is negatively associated with multiple directorships for firms with low growth opportunities and high agency conflicts. In the second essay, I examine how multiple directorships held by outside directors affect shareholder wealth during acquisitions. The evidence indicates that not all busy outside directors have the same effect and some types of busy outside directors may benefit the firms.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universiẗat Hamburg, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 585-679).

Univ., Diss.--Hamburg, 2005. / Literaturverz. S. 585 - 679.

In March 2003, the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) released new corporate governance guidelines, which included debatable “best practice” recommendations such as the adoption of an independent board and separation of the roles of chairperson and CEO. Given the premise that strong corporate governance enhances shareholder value and, by extension, increases initial public offering (IPO) issuers’ appeal to investors, this thesis assesses the level of conformity by a sample of Australian firms, which made an IPO between 1994 and 1999, with the best practice recommendations. We also examine the relationship between firm outcomes (including IPO underpricing, post-IPO long-run performance, and the likelihood of a SEO) and board governance quality, captured by board composition, board leadership, board size and share ownership of directors. These outcomes are addressed as they are important dimensions of firm performance that may be reasonably assumed to be associated with the quality of corporate governance, and these tests can provide an insight into the preference of investors who arguably are best placed to assess the appropriateness of the recommendations promoted by the ASX. Further, we analyse changes in IPO firms’ board structures from the time of listing to five years later to determine if IPO firms adopt governance structures that are more in line with the best practice recommendations after listing and if the changes are related to IPO firms’ long-run performance. Overall, we find that IPO firms that arguably have the strongest incentive to adopt the “optimal” board structures diverge substantially from ASX’s recommendations both at the time of IPO and five years later. IPO firms’ board structures are found to be unrelated with the level of IPO underpricing and board size, after controlling for the size of the firm, is significant in explaining both long-run aftermarket performance and the probability of a SEO. IPO firms with larger boards and those that increase the board size after listing are found to perform better in the long-run. However, contrary to expectation, smaller boards are associated with a higher likelihood of equity reissuance. Overall, the results lead us to question the role played by the board of directors in signalling firm quality. Our findings also suggest that ASX’s best practice recommendations are likely to distort the market-driven practices already in place.

School of Economics and Political Science, Diss.--London.