Global ETD Search

101	Reading associations in England and Scotland, c.1760-1830 Lindsay, Christy January 2016 (has links) This thesis examines provincial literary culture in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, through the printed and manuscript records of reading associations, the diaries of their members, and a range of other print materials. These book clubs and subscription libraries have often been considered to be polite and sociable institutions, part of the cultural repertoire of a new urban, consumer society. However, this thesis reconsiders reading associations' values and effects through a study of the reading materials they provided, and the reading habits they encouraged; the intellectual and social values which they embodied; and their role in the performance of gender, local and national identities. It questions what politeness meant to associational members, arguing for the importance of morality and order in associational conceptions of propriety, and downplaying their pursuit of structured sociability. This thesis examines how provincial individuals conceived of their relationship to the reading public, arguing that associations provided a tangible link to this abstract national community, whilst also having implications for the 'public' life of localities and families. The thesis also considers how these institutions interacted with enlightenment thought, suggesting that both the associations' reading matter and their philosophies of corporate improvement enabled 'ordinary' men and women to participate in the Enlightenment. It assesses English and Scottish associations, which are usually subjected to separate treatment, arguing that they constituted a shared mechanism of British literary culture in this period. More than simply a 'polite' performance, reading, through associations, was fundamentally linked to status, to citizenship, and to cultural participation.
102	An examination of the Mobisam project and Grocott's Mail : towards mobile social accountability monitoring in Grahamstown Reinecke, Romi Kami January 2015 (has links) This thesis critically examines the nature and purpose of the MobiSAM partnership, in relation to its value as a model resonating with normative theories on the role of the media in South African democratic society. The MobiSAM project introduces a mobile polling application, designed for citizens to provide real-time, user-generated data on crucial municipal service delivery such as clean water in Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The project has partnered with the local community newspaper, Grocott's Mail, to broadcast this data, with the aim to facilitate citizen participation in public problem solving and support local government accountability in service delivery. Despite pervasive poverty in areas such as the Eastern Cape, mobile penetration in South Africa is near universal. The MobiSAM partnership is an ongoing effort to forge new links between social accountability monitors, new media, traditional media, citizens and local government around public issues in Grahamstown, in line with the development objectives of the post-apartheid South African state. The overall theoretical framework for this thesis is taken from Christians, Glasser, McQuail, Nordenstreng and White's Normative Theories of the Media, which provides an analysis of four roles of the media in a democratic society, that is: the monitorial, the facilitative, the radical and the collaborative roles. Within each of these roles, the stated journalistic approach is explored, that is investigative journalism, public journalism, radical journalism and development journalism. Public journalism is focused on as having the most resonance with the goals of the MobiSAM partnership. The chosen research design is a critical realist case study with the selected methods of thematic document analysis and, primarily, in-depth interviews with key project participants. The research goals were to analyse this primary data against the normative theory on the role of the media in a democratic society, and the 'real world' constraints posed by the project’s specific political and socioeconomic context. The findings conclude by offering certain recommendations and areas for further research, such as the central importance of a dedicated municipal reporter for covering complex public issues. This critical realist case study, drawing on qualitative interviews with both the accountability monitors and the media practitioners, interrogates the philosophical understandings on the role of the media in this new project, towards an empirical model for advancing substantive socio-economic change through media in South Africa.
103	Architecture pour la co-conception des jeux sérieux participatifs et intensifs en connaissances / architecture to co-design participatory and knowledge-intensive serious games El Mawas, Nour 26 September 2013 (has links) Cette thèse identifie et vise à affronter certains verrous scientifiques concernant la conception des scenarios des serious games, leurs utilisations par un meilleur partage entre les concepteurs dans des contextes d’apprentissage ciblés. Les constats motivant ce travail sont (1) la participation indispensable des formateurs dans la phase de conception en se basant sur leurs expertises et leurs objectifs pédagogiques, (2) la nécessité grandissante pour les formateurs experts de formaliser les scénarios décrivant les situations complexes rarement se produisant, (3) la non-adéquation des systèmes-auteurs des jeux sérieux existants à cette population de concepteurs, permettant seulement un nombre limité de scénarios à cause de leurs couts élevés, (4) le faible niveau de réutilisation des scénarios déjà produits dans la vie quotidienne. Notre problématique consiste à lever certains verrous existants dans la conception des jeux sérieux pour la formation dans des domaines d’expertises complexes avec l’hypothèse qu’une meilleure organisation de la connaissance et de la coopération va faciliter la conception. L’étude de cette problématique s’effectue en proposant l’architecture ARGILE (Architecture for Representations, Games, Interactions, and Learning among Experts) adaptée au jeu sérieux « participatif et intensif en connaissances » / This PhD aims to confront some scientific challenges concerning the scenarios’ conception of Serious Games, their use through a better share by designers within the context of targeted learning. The findings motivating our work are (1) the significant participation of trainers in the design phase, (2) the growing needs for expert trainers to formalize scenarios describing rarely complex situations, (3) the divergence of existing serious games to these designers which cover a limited number of scenarios due to their high cost, (4) the low re-use’ level of scenarios that have already happened in daily life.Our questioning will lead us to see how we must design serious games for training in complex areas of expertise where reference knowledge is neither stabilized nor unanimous, but rather dynamic and continuously evolving. After having examined the principal mains of application of the Serious Game and having defined it, the study of this questioning led us to propose the ARGILE (Architecture for Representations, Games, Interactions, and Learning Among Experts) architecture, suitable for "participatory and knowledge-intensive" serious games Formation en ligne Jeux vidéo en éducation Conception centrée sur l'utilisateur Coopération Forums électroniques Développement durable Gestion des crises Web-based instruction Serious games Centered system design Cooperation Electronic discussion groups Sustainable development Crisis management 005
104	Community, Conversation, and Conflict: a Study of Deliberation and Moderation in a Collaborative Political Weblog Soma, Samantha Isabella 01 January 2009 (has links) Concerns about the feasibility of the Internet as an appropriate venue for deliberation have emerged based on the adverse effects of depersonalization, anonymity, and lack of accountability on the part of online discussants. As in face-to-face communication, participants in online conversations are best situated to determine for themselves what type of communication is appropriate. Earlier research on Usenet groups was not optimistic, but community-administered moderation may provide a valuable tool for online political discussion groups who wish to support and enforce deliberative communication among a diverse or disagreeing membership. This research examines individual comments and their rating and moderation within a week-long "Pie Fight" discussion about community ownership and values in the Daily Kos political blog. Specific components of deliberation were identified and a content analysis was conducted for each. Salient issues included community reputation, agreement and disagreement, meta-communication, and appropriate expression of emotion, humor, and profanity. Data subsets were analyzed in conjunction with the comment ratings given by community members to determine what types of interaction received the most attention, and how the community used the comment ratings system to promote or demote specific comment types. The use of middle versus high or low ratings, the value of varied ratings format, and the use of moderation as a low-impact means of expressing dissent were also explored. The Daily Kos community members effectively used both comments and ratings to mediate conflict, assert their desired kind of community, demonstrate a deliberative self-concept, and support specific conditions of deliberation. The moderation system was used to sanction uncivil or unproductive communication, as intended, and was also shown to facilitate deliberation of disagreement rather than creating an echo chamber of opinion. Deliberative democracy -- United States American Politics Urban Studies and Planning
105	Une analyse de l'entame conversationnelle de communications orales et écrites, sur répondeur téléphonique et Internet Falesse, Mireille 04 May 2005 (has links) UNE ANALYSE DE L’ENTAME CONVERSATIONNELLE DE COMMUNICATIONS ORALES ET ECRITES (SUR RÉPONDEUR TÉLÉPHONIQUE ET INTERNET)<p><p>MIREILLE FALESSE<p>ULB - FACULTÉ DE PHILOSOPHIE ET LETTRES - FÉVRIER 2005<p><p><p><p>La trame de base de l’étude est essentiellement linguistique et la plupart des catégorisations des éléments relevés sont de cet ordre également, l’étude prenant en compte le langage sous son aspect pragmatique dans les limites de la présentation des situations particulières ainsi que du collationnement des données du corpus. <p>Deux types de messages ont été choisis :des messages oraux laissés par des appelants sur répondeur téléphonique et des messages – provenant de nouveaux utilisateurs – recueillis dans des forums de discussion sur Internet.<p>L’analyse permet de préciser les souhaits et intentions communicationnels des émetteurs ;d’autre part le relevé des éléments constitutifs du corpus auquel nous avons procédé dans la seconde partie nous a permis d’entrer plus avant dans sa description. <p>L’énonciation est à l’énoncé ce que le processus de fabrication est à l’objet produit ;l'énoncé est le résultat alors que l'énonciation est l'acte de création du locuteur. C’est cet acte, la procédure de construction du message, les intentions du locuteur, les marques de son intervention en tant que sujet parlant – ses pensées, ses intentions, ses émotions au moment de la « prise de parole » (orale ou écrite) – qui ont fait l’objet de notre propos. Dès lors, les éléments de base du schéma de la communication ont été posés et les particularités de notre corpus explicitées à la suite d’un double choix :celui des outils d’analyse réellement utiles à la démarche et celui des éléments essentiels et nécessaires constitutifs des énoncés retenus et à retenir.<p><p>L’énonciation et l’énoncé<p>Le travail porte sur l’analyse d’un certain type de discours à l’intérieur d’actes de communication sur base d’énoncés, produits d’un acte d'énonciation, qui comportent des marques énonciatives faisant référence à la fois au locuteur et à l'allocutaire. <p>Il en est tenu compte lors de la description du corpus car les éléments retenus portent non seulement sur la structuration phrastique de l’énoncé mais également sur le sens qui lui est donné ainsi que ses utilisations caractéristiques en fonction des intentions, choix et motivations des destinateurs.<p><p>Le sens et le son<p>La considération du langage sous sa double articulation favorise une analyse appariant les points de vue sémantique et phonologique :le sens et le son.<p>\ / Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation linguistique / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished Langues et littératures Sciences humaines Conversation analysis Electronic discussion groups Telephone calls Analyse de la conversation Forums électroniques Appels téléphoniques verbes injonctifs verbes performatifs verbes déclaratifs ou d’opinion modalité pronominalisation de l’interlocuteur perlocutoire modalisation marqueurs de la relation locutoire localisation spatio-temporelle Jakobson Roman Labov William illocutoire Goffman Erving ethnolinguistique énonciation énoncé échange conversationnel déictiques communication humaine communication animale communication Boyer Henri Christian Berrendonner Alain Baylon analyse logique analyse conversationnelle actes de parole systèmes d’adresse système des places système des faces sociolinguistique Ferdinand pronominalisation du locuteur psycholinguistique Saussure de code commun

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