The thesis aims to analyze the relationship of the collective memory of an individual and his/her inclusion with the society and eventual ability to generate social capital. This paper evaluates the American federal education system and its interpretation of the historical narrative to the students. The focus of this thesis is the interpretation of historical events in the context of American society, whose structure has changed fundamentally over the past 30 years. Not only society has suffered a significant change, the federal system of student testing and the federal education institutions' funding have been revised too. American society can benefit from it through internal intercourse or, on the contrary, it can become more fragmented if it fails to bring the individual into a contemporary social setting. The work has been defined in time since the Bradley Commission has issued general recommendations to change approach to historical curricula, and then continues to explore the development until 2014. The political changes with the end of the Cold War led to a constant reinterpretation of American history and the secondary the collective identity. In the new millennium and after the year 2014 it has concluded in a discussion about historical education on academic, social and political fields....

The thesis "The legitimization of non-intervention in Syria in the U.S. discourse: A discourse analysis of the selected Western speeches between 2011 and 2014" examines the discourse of the President of the United States Barack Obama concerning the Syrian crisis. It focuses on the reasoning that Obama used to explain or even justify his non- interventional approach regarding the crisis in Syria between the years 2011 and 2014. The thesis works with the hypothesis that the United States while justifying non-intervention in Syria, have avoided the geopolitical background of a split in the international community regarding possible solutions to the Syrian conflict. In legitimizing military "non- intervention" they chose another strategy, such as the 'downplaying' strategy, gradually setting out increasingly distant criteria and mitigating emerging threats. To accomplish the established goals the paper used the Narrative Conceptualization Analysis (NCA), as introduced by Shaul Shenhav, that examines the narrative concept through a signified story that consists of at least two events. The NCA largely confirmed the hypothesis. Obama's discourse lacked the geopolitical background. Obama mitigated the threats and set out the increasingly distant criteria, e.g. he claimed the regime of Bashar al-Assad would fall on...

The Master's thesis called "The Effects of Securitising Migration: The case of Slovakia and the Czech Republic" aims to analyse the extent to which is migration constructed as a security threat in crucial conceptual and strategic documents regarding migration, drafted by the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic and the Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic. Given that the Ministry of Interior is a key player in the field of migration in both countries setting the direction of migration policy on conceptual, legislative and implementation level, it enters a discursive field of migration by offering its own understanding of migration, which has a great impact on the policymaking in the area of migration, migration practice and consequently on the life of migrants. Despite the fact that both Slovakia and the Czech Republic have one of the lowest shares of foreigners within population in the whole European Union as well as neither of the two countries have been the final destinations of migrants during the so called refugee crisis, we can identify the dominant role of security discourse in both countries. To get a better insight into a wider social context, the thesis also builds on the number of "texts and talks" dealing with the issue of migration beside the official policy documents and...

The thesis deals with the general problematic aspects of posting workers within the European Union in connection with the European Commission's proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC and analyses the structure of selected discourse in the debate on the given proposal. Posting, in this thesis, is regarded as a specific manifestation of the phenomenon of deterritorialization, with an emphasis on posting workers to the Czech Republic. The phenomenon of deterritorialization is considered here in three basic forms: firstly, as the deterritorialization of the modern (European) state, secondly as the deterritorialization of its borders, and thirdly as the deterritorialization of labour. The thesis employs the method of critical discourse analysis and the discourse-historical approach developed by Ruth Wodak. It focuses on an analysis of the social, historical and political context of the issue of posting workers using selected theories dealing with the phenomenon of deterritorialization and posting workers in the EU. The main part of the thesis is an analysis of the reactions and discourse strategies of selected Czech stakeholders regarding the proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC, in particular that of selected government representatives. The aim of the thesis is to demonstrate, using the...

The present diploma thesis "Mechitza as a Metaphor: separation or unity?" examines the topic of religious spatial practice of physical for separation of women and men. By the means of post-structuralist discourse analysis, it investigates how Mechitza is negotiated in practice, how it changes, and what symbolics it represents for its religious gendered subjects in feminist orthodox Judaism. The analysis is conducted on selected articles regarding Mechitza as a theme, published in The JOFA Journal in the timeframe of 1998 to 2019, published by Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance. The identified discourses are as follows: mechitza as a limitation and barrier, mechitza as a possibility and opportunity and mechitza as a symbol and metaphore.

Thesis is based on the views of authors of sociology of knowledge (Berger, Luckman, Bourdieu) and authors of discourse analysis (Foucault, Fairclough). The central assumption is that knowledge is socially constructed and that this construction has its strong ideological and hierarchic aspects. Author is analyzing books and texts of Vaclav Klaus using the critical discourse analysis. Author is convinced that Vaclav Klaus has a substantive influence on public opinion in Czech Republic. Also author is convinced the struggle in the discussion over environmental topics is based in different basic assupmtions of discussion participant. Thus author decided to analyse the Vaclav Klaus's basic assumptions for the notions of nature and environment.

Presented work is an overview of contemporary evolutionary biological theories of aggression, since the breakthrough works of Robert Ardrey and Konrad Lorenz from the 1960s and ending with contemporary evolutionary ethics of Robert Wright and Frans de Waal and also evolutionary anthropology, represented for example by Richard Wrangham. Work is highlighting the continuity of development of the theories and their placement into the context of evolutionary biology. In addition, it is dealing with critical analysis (in terms of discourse analysis) of these theories and their language, taking into account sociocultural influences acting on authors during their formation. It is the analysis of patterns of thinking, argumentation elements and strategies of authors, who deal with issues of the evolutionary background of the origin of human aggression. However, ambition of the second part is not the deconstruction of the theories. Contrarily it strives for positive, integrative approach. By categories of class, gender, race, etc. conditional misrepresentation (bias) of acquried data (e.g. by observation), their interpretation by authors themselves and their popularization, will be understood there as a factor entering into the assessment of theories, but it is not a priori considered as evidence of...

The gravity of the problem of drug trafficking in Mexico became clearly visible in the 1990s in connection with the political changes in the country and geopolitical transformations in the region. It became obvious that the drug cartels formed a key part of the system and of the everyday reality. Felipe Calderón, a new president from the PAN party elected in the disputed election of 2006, chose to dedicate his presidency to the fight against organized crime in order to regain legitimacy lost in the electoral process. His open confrontation strategy brought success at first, however, the praise it received was soon replaced by criticism. Negative consequences such as human rights abuses, militarization and ignorance of other problems of the society overcame any possible successes of the military campaign. During the six years of his presidency Calderón strived to obtain support for his strategy by using various legitimization strategies. The aim of the author of this thesis is to introduce some of the existing methods and to show how Mexico's Drug War was legitimized in the context of the strategies within the "call to arms" genre. The authors of these discourses tend to use four generic elements - appeals to a legitimate power source, appeals to history, construction of the "evil other" and calls for unity...

99 The Principle of Proportionality: Critique of Theoretical Standpoints and Its Relevance Abstract: A decision concerning a fundamental rights conflict needs to respect the principle of proportionality in order to be compatible with a constitutional order. The principle of proportionality obliges the court to adequately assess and weigh the conflicting fundamental rights or other constitutional principles in light of the particular facts. The proportionality of the decision is to be ensured by the so-called proportionality test. It consists of three steps: an assessment of the suitability, necessity and proportionality in a strict sense. The thesis The Principle of Proportionality: Critique of Theoretical Standpoints and Its Relevance describes the proportionality principle and the proportionality test in a specific legal- philosophical and legal-theoretical context. The first chapter introduces discursive theory as an important starting point for the rational application of fundamental right norms and the use of the proportionality test. For this purpose, it identifies the relationships between discourse, norms of justification and the proportionality principle. The second chapter of the thesis outlines, in relation to the existing approach of Czech legal theory, an alternative view of legal methodology...

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the media construct of the European Union in chosen Czech mediae. The work applies to a concrete section of medial world using the method of discourse analysis and describes the structural means of the medial image of the European Union, emphasizing the ideological and political aspect of the analyzed material. The analysis is based on the certain period of 2018, when the presidential elections took place. This period was chosen due to the higher probability of occurrence of the required material. The material for discourse analysis was selected in the weekly magazines Echo and Respekt. The crucial criterion for the selection of these two periodicals was their explicit orientation towards conservative, alternatively liberal ideological orientation. The work describes the variability of the creation of media constructs. Due to the wide range of linguistic means, that can be used in discourse analysis, it was necessary to concretize the analysis into several partial linguistic phenomenons. The work is mainly structured in a form of metaphor due to the frequency and the influence. In the analysis, it was necessary to proceed to a more detailed categorization of metaphor so that it could be applied to specific textual material. At the same time, the most...