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Managing Supply Chain Disruptions in Nigerian Seaport CompaniesOguche, Henry 01 January 2018 (has links)
In Nigeria, seaport companies have lost significant revenue since 2000 because of supply chain disruptions. If not mitigated, supply chain disruptions at Nigerian seaports will significantly affect organizational output and profitability. The purpose of this research was to explore strategies some seaport business leaders use to mitigate supply chain disruptions in Lagos, Nigeria. Supply chain management theory was the conceptual framework for this single case study. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with 4 participants from a Nigerian seaport company tbat adopted successful strategies to mitigate supply chain disruptions and review of company documents for methodological triangulation. Using thematic analysis, the 5 primary themes were corruption, seaport congestion, bureaucratic bottleneck, equipment failures, and employee disputes. Customer satisfaction and business profitability were 2 primary strategies the business leaders in the study used to mitigate supply chain disruptions. By implementing the strategies identified in the study, business leaders in the Nigerian seaport sector may be able to bring about positive social change by increasing business profitability. The strategies could increase employment opportunities for people in seaport cities, thereby decreasing the poverty level and leading to a better standard of living for residents.
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Gestion hospitalière en situation d'exception : optimisation des ressources critiques / Hospital disaster management : optimization of critical resourcesNouaouri, Issam 12 May 2010 (has links)
Selon le rapport annuel de la croix rouge et du croissant rouge pour l’année 2006, le nombre de catastrophes, d’origine naturelle et humaine, a augmenté ces dernières décennies dans des proportions importantes. Ces catastrophes engendrent souvent un nombre de victimes important nécessitant des interventions urgentes. Face à une telle situation, les moyens sanitaires classiques et de routines se trouvent souvent dépassés, et par conséquent inefficaces pour absorber cet afflux massif de victimes. Ainsi, la mise en œuvre d’un système de gestion hospitalier conditionné par une optimisation des différentes ressources médicales est indispensable pour sauver le maximum de vies humaines. Dans ce contexte, nous proposons dans cette thèse, d’étudier le problème d’optimisation des ressources humaines et matérielles critiques à savoir, les chirurgiens et les salles opératoires en situation de crise. L’objectif est de traiter le maximum de victimes, autrement dit sauver le maximum de vies humaines. Notre étude comprend deux niveaux : (1) un niveau préparatoire qui consiste à dimensionner les ressources dans le cadre des exercices de simulation du plan blanc, et (2) un niveau opérationnel permettant d’optimiser l’ordonnancement des interventions dans les salles opératoires. Aussi, nous étudions l’impact de la mutualisation des ressources sur le nombre de victimes traitées. L’un des défis posés à la programmation opératoire en situation d’exception est l’aptitude à faire face aux perturbations. Dans ce cadre, nous abordons le problème réactif d’optimisation de l’ordonnancement des interventions dans les salles opératoires. Nous considérons diverses perturbations possibles telles : une durée opératoire qui dépasse la durée estimée, l’insertion d’une nouvelle victime dans le programme opératoire, et l’évolution du degré d’urgence d’une victime. Cette thèse est menée avec la collaboration de plusieurs structures sanitaires publiques en France et en Tunisie. Les résultats expérimentaux mettent en exergue l’apport de ces approches pour l’aide à la décision. / Disaster like terrorist attack, earthquake, and hurricane, often cause a high degree of damage. Thousands of people might be affected. The 2006’s annual report of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies proves that the number of disasters increased during these last decades. In such situations, hospitals must be able to receive injured persons for medical and surgical treatments. For these reasons medical resources optimization of different is fundamental in human life save.In this context, we propose in this thesis, to study the optimization of human and material resources in relation with hospital management. We focus more precisely on critical resources: operating rooms and surgeons. The goal is to handle the maximum of victims and then to save the maximum of human lives. Our research consists of two phases: (1) Sizing critical resources during the preparedness phase of disaster management plan so called white plan. (2) Operational phase that provides the optimization of surgical acts scheduling in the operating rooms. Also, we study the impact of sharing resources on the number of treated victims. A disaster situation is characterized by different disruptions. In this setting, we approach a reactive problem for optimization of surgical acts scheduling in the operating rooms. We consider various possible disruptions: the overflow of assessed surgical care duration, the insertion of a new victim in the scheduling program, and the evolution of victim’s emergency level.This work is achieved with the collaboration of several public health institutions (hospitals, ministry, etc.) both in France and Tunisia. Empirical study shows that a substantial aid is proposed by using the proposed approaches.
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