碩士 / 國防大學管理學院 / 法律學系 / 99 / China's family law, 19 years since the Republic promulgated by the national government has so far been 56 years, but to meet the actual needs of the community in 1977 by the Ministry of Justice develop the first comprehensive revision of the family provisions of the draft amendment, the Legislative Yuan three Reading, after June 5, 1985 into effect. Because at the time to take a conservative approach legislators, still left many provisions violate the principle of gender equality, to the Judicial Yuan on September 23, 1994 Release No. 365 words to explain the declaration of the Civil Code section 1089 violated the terms of patriarchal gender equality priority principle, should be reviewed and revised, and interpreted from the date of publication, no later than the expiration of two years, the missing effect. Therefore, the Ministry of Justice in view of the family provisions of the law violated equal rights of men and women of many, the beginning stage of amending the law proposed policy. As our country more than the couple got married in what is not desirable property system, so more suitable legal property system, especially the distribution of surplus property, the right to request the relevant provisions affecting our society is very huge. Distribution of property based on the remaining claim is the core of our matrimonial property regime, this allocation of surplus property, rights of first request from the matrimonial property regime of the structure, evolution to explore, analyze the legal property system and contract property and its contents under the couple's property system ownership of property ownership of matrimonial property in the understanding of our overall structure, distribution of surplus property before the claim of the study. The Civil Code Section 1030 of a provision, applicable to property acquired prior to amending the law, as it involves the other party spouse and other heirs, creditors and other interests of the conflict, though there are already 620 judges to explain the word to apply practical solutions controversial, however, its only use the text explains that "in marriage," means after the marriage to the case of dissolution only, while marriage is 74 years June 4 or June 5, occur in the future, asked all non- , but left many questions unanswered. If the literal interpretation of Civil Code Section 1030 to resolve whether the retroactive effect of a problem, explain why great pains to 410 words to the grounds of violation of the principle of gender equality, requires the legislature to review correct? If the dispute on the application of the law or the loopholes in the law-making, can track approach by the judge-made law, why do they need legislation? Justice of the Constitution stand height, since the decision can be found unconstitutional, but constitutional interpretation should uphold the principle of good faith who, in the face of interpretation of the word, 620 and 410 word release in the conflict, should be 410 words to explain to address the intention to make reviewed and revised the relevant authorities, the legislature again amended in detail, where appropriate, a view to implement the principle of gender equality and to ensure trust in the interests of others.

碩士 / 國立暨南國際大學 / 通訊工程研究所 / 92 / The main research of multiple description coding is to explore the problem of reconstructing lost packets when partial transmission channels interrupt. With the information of those packets in other channels，lost packets can be reconstructed quickly and correctly. Recently, Candan [2] presents a new multiple description coding scheme. Based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT)，in spatial domain, the value of each pixel in one image is decomposed into four smaller values first. Next, by re-grouping those new values, they will be separated into form four new images of the same size. Then, these four images with the same importance are transmitted over four different channels independently. When packets lost，this scheme seems to can perform the reconstruction efficiently，but while implemented with compression module, some questions will appear and needed to be solved more elaborately. In this thesis, we will discuss how to apply the CRT to the multiple description SPIHT based image coding effectively. The value of each pixel in one image, in spatial domain or frequency (wavelet) domain, is splitted into many descriptions. Those descriptions are compressed independently through SPIHT-based algorithms and transmitted over different channels. The reconstructed images at the receiver will have better quality than that of other method while some packets were lost.

碩士 / 國立清華大學 / 資訊工程學系 / 104 / 因申請專利緣故，資料延後公開

Made available in DSpace on 2011-03-23T21:19:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Item created via OAI harvest from source: http://www.bdtd.ufpa.br/tde_oai/oai2.php on 2011-03-23T21:19:23Z (GMT). Item's OAI Record identifier: oai:bdtd.ufpa.br:160 / The research, etnomatemática quilombola: as relações dos saberes da matemática dialógica com as práticas socioculturais dos remanescentes de quilombo do Mola-Itapocu/PA (quilombola etnomathematic: the relationships between of the knowledge about the mathematics dialoging with the sociocultural practices of the remainders of the Mola- Itapocu/PA quilombo), accomplished from June to December in 2004, it was guided in the study of case etnographic. The basic question of this dissertation is the preoccupations about how is the relationships between sociocultural practices web of mathematical knowledge and the school mathematics, without denying its meanings and its sense, what is living in the (re) construction of the daily memories of the remainders of mola quilombo? This investigation had had as objectives: to identify the meanings attributed by the molenses, its sociocultural practices, connected to mathematical knowledge of the local culture, and to establish some relationships between the school mathematics and the mathematics practiced by the remainders of Mola-Itapocu/PA quilombo, without releasing its meanings and its the memories of the daily existences of the private context. In the chapter I, I talk about critical reflections concerning the relationships between the practices of the daily life and etnomathematic knowledge, related to the memories of the existences of the remainders of mola quilombo. I begin talking about the memories of the non-school mathematics, followed by plurals knowledge of the mathematical practices; then, I launch the look inside of the lunges positivists, to evidence as web denies the daily life etnomathematic knowledge. In the chapter II, I make a brief analysis of the different present rationalities in the (ethno) science, watching the faces of the ethno science, modern science and of the postmodern science. In the third chapter, I build the analysis under the convergences and the divergences between mathematical knowledge and school mathematics, linked to the web: walking in arid lands of the logic formal mathematics; the etnomathematic knowledges; the re-entrances of the etnomathematic with the complexity of the life and the logical dialoging of the etnomathematic. In the room, I evidence the existent differences between the research experimental positivist and the qualitative research, for, soon after, to weave the possible relationships dialoging of the research ethnographic with the etnomathematic, and in the fifth, with base in the speeches and in the observations of the sociocultural existences mathematical knowledge of the informers, I establish some relationships among them local mathematical knowledge molense and the school mathematics. In this context, beginning revisiting the history of the education of the field shortly; followed by the webs of the relationships between the sociocultural practices and the mathematical dialoging of the molenses; last, I weave the literacy of the webs mathematical knowledge and knowledge about the sociocultural practices. The quilombola etnomathematic, unceasingly, built in the relationships of the mathematical dialoging with the molenses practices educational, it evidenced the language, the memories and the representations of the mathematical knowledge and ethno scientific, articulated to the possible relationships with knowledge about the mathematics scholar of the teaching multiseriado. / A pesquisa, etnomatemática quilombola: as relações dos saberes da matemática dialógica com as práticas socioculturais dos remanescentes de quilombo do Mola-Itapocu/PA, realizada de junho de 2003 a dezembro de 2004, foi norteada no estudo de caso etnográfico. O questionamento básico dessa dissertação expressa a preocupação de como se estabelecer relações entre as práticas socioculturais das teias de saberes matemáticos com a matemática escolar, sem negar os seus significados e o(s) seu(s) sentido(s), que são vivenciados na (re)construção das memórias cotidianas dos remanescentes de quilombo molense? Esta investigação teve como objetivos: identificar os significados, atribuídos pelos molenses, às suas práticas socioculturais, conectadas aos saberes matemáticos da cultura local, e estabelecer algumas relações entre a matemática escolar e a matemática praticada pelos remanescentes de quilombo do Mola-Itapocu/PA, sem dispensar os seus significados e o(s) sentido(s) das memórias das vivências cotidianas do contexto particular. No capítulo I, teço reflexões críticas acerca das relações entre as práticas da vida cotidiana e os saberes etnomatemáticos, relacionadas às memórias das vivências dos remanescentes de quilombo do Mola. Inicio tecendo memórias da matemática não escolar, seguidas dos saberes plurais das práticas matemáticas; depois, lanço olhares por dentro das investidas positivistas, para evidenciar como teias investidas negam a vida cotidiana dos saberes etnomatemáticos, por último, visito os olhares escolares lançados sobre os saberes etnomatemáticos. No capítulo II, faço uma breve análise das diferentes racionalidades presentes nas (etno)ciências, desvelando as faces da etnociência, ciência moderna e da ciência pós-moderna. No terceiro capítulo, construo a análise sob as convergências e as divergências entre os saberes matemáticos e a matemática escolar, vinculadas às teias: caminhando em terrenos áridos da lógica formal matemática; aos saberes etnomatemáticos; as reentrâncias das etnomatemáticas com a complexidade da vida e a lógica dialógica da etnomatemática. No quarto, evidencio as diferenças existentes entre a pesquisa experimental positivista e a pesquisa qualitativa, para, em seguida, tecer as possíveis relações dialógicas da pesquisa etnográfica com a etnomatemática, e no quinto, com base nas falas e nas observações das vivências socioculturais e os saberes matemáticos dos informantes, estabeleço algumas relações entre os saberes locais da matemática molense e a matemática escolar. Neste contexto, começo revisitando brevemente a história da educação do campo; seguida das teias das relações entre as práticas socioculturais e a matemática dialógica dos molenses; por último, teço a alfabetização das teias de saberes matemáticos e de saberes das práticas socioculturais. A etnomatemática quilombola, incessantemente, construída nas relações da matemática dialógica com as práticas educativas molenses, evidenciou a linguagem, as memórias e as representações dos saberes matemáticos e etnocientífico, articulada às possíveis relações com os saberes da matemática escolar do ensino multisseriado.

碩士 / 佛光人文社會學院 / 資訊學研究所 / 91 /

碩士 / 中原大學 / 財經法律研究所 / 97 / Abstract This paper is intended to explore ownership over matrimonial assets and married couples’ disposable cash. The two issues affect the claimable amount of residual matrimonial assets divided between a married couple. This paper also looks into disputes unsolved before amendment. Most importantly, the Enforcement Rules of Family Law in the Civil Code, Article 6-2 not only expressly provides that Article 6-2 shall provide provisions regarding exercising the right to claim a share of residual matrimonial assets during the transition from the old law of joint property to the new law thereof, but expressly provides that all property acquired during the course of a marriage shall be deemed property acquired by the husband or wife after marriage pursuant to the post-amendment law based on the same grounds for legislation. In practice, the effective date of amendment of Article 1030-1 of the Civil Code is the cut-off date for exercising the right to claim a share of residual matrimonial assets; hence, the aforesaid legislative amendment that provides a legal basis for exercising the right to claim a share of residual matrimonial assets acquired only after June 5, 1985 contributes to inequality between the husband and wife. Luckily, the Judicial Yuan Interpretation No. 620 holds that whatever property acquired during the course of a marriage (except property acquired by inheritance or acquired without payment of consideration) shall be deemed property attributed to residual matrimonial assets, whether the property at issue was acquired before June 4, 1985 or after June 5, 1985, provided that the relationship pertaining to joint property was extinguished after June 5, 1985 – the effective date of amendment of Article 1030-1 of the Civil Code. However, the aforesaid legislative amendment causes plenty disputes, and especially the dispute as to whether the law should apply retrospectively and the interpretation thereof. This paper is of the opinion that the aforesaid legislative amendment has nothing to do with the principles of retrospective application of legislation; instead, it is just the necessary outcome of an approach to objective literal interpretation. Hence, so far differential treatment of fruits of husband’s and wife’s labor has not occurred. Moreover, after giving considerations to the law and benefits, the Judicial Yuan Interpretation No. 620 adopts objective literal interpretation and suggests that the disputes originate from the selection of methodology of legal interpretation rather than preoccupation with objective literal interpretation. Hence, this paper finds it unnecessary to determine whether the methodology of legal interpretation should be subjective or objective. Where it’s believed that the aforesaid legislative amendment causes inequality between husband and wife regarding the fruits of their labor, the non-retrospective principle should prevail so as to ensure stability of legislation; and the retrospective principle may apply to an exception, which should be otherwise provided in the laws pertaining to distribution of residual matrimonial assets.

碩士 / 國立中央大學 / 資訊工程研究所 / 99 / With the growing of computer technology and networks, many applications, such as micropayment and on-line shopping, have been widely used in our daily life. These applications need to transport much information through the Internet connections. Consequently, to protect personal secrets and privacy, the security has become more and more important. Since Bellcore laboratory proposed the fault attacks, the fault attacks have become serious threats to the implementation of cryptography, especially on smart cards, and many kinds of fault attacks have been proposed to break various cryptosystems. For security, to resist fault attacks is an important thing when implementing cryptosystems. RSA is a widely used cryptosystem nowadays, and an efficient method to speed up the computation of RSA is using Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). However, it has been presented that the RSA modulus N can be factored easily under fault attacks on CRT-RSA. Many countermeasures have been proposed, and the fault infection is a kind of method which can remove the danger of fault attacks against checking procedures. However, most countermeasures based on fault infection have been proved insecure. In this thesis, we will first show that the Yang et al.''s countermeasure based on fault infection is still insecure, and then propose two countermeasures with secure fault infective computation. We prove that our countermeasures can resist all known fault attacks against CRT-RSA. Moreover, the proposed infective computation can combine with other fast checking methods to improve the efficiency. The exponentiation (or scalar multiplication on ECC) is a critical operation in most publickey cryptosystems. Some fault attacks against the exponentiation or the scalar multiplication have been proposed. In this thesis, based on the previous fault attacks against right-to-left exponentiation, we propose an extended fault attack against the left-to-right exponentiation (or scalar multiplication) on discrete logarithm based publickey cryptosystems. Our attack can also extend to the Montgomery ladder algorithm.

碩士 / 中原大學 / 會計研究所 / 104 / According to Estate and Gift Tax Act in Taiwan, all properties of any decedent who is a ROC citizen and resident are subject to estate tax under this Act, irrespective of the estate located within or outside the ROC. Estate tax is imposed on taxable estate at the rate of 10%. Taxable estate is the value of gross estate computed according to the provisions herein, and subtracted deductions in Article 17 and 17-1, and exemptions in Article 18. One of the complex deductions from the gross estate is the claim for the distribution of the remainder of the property prescribed under Section 1030-1 of the Civil Code of decedent’s spouse. Due to different perspective of deduction claims under Civil Code and the National Taxation Bureau, the approval and computation of taxable estate are hard to compromise. The value of right of decedent’s spouse is deterred by several factors, including decedent’s remainder of the property, spouse’s property, when and how the decedent and decedent’s spouse obtain these properties, and so on. This study focuses on issues of the rights of decedent’s spouse, by analyzing various kinds of situations and collecting opinions from court decision and the National Taxation Bureau. Finally, some suggestions are provided to enhance the fairness and justice of the estate tax in Taiwan.

碩士 / 國立臺灣大學 / 資訊工程學研究所 / 104 / With the rapid growth of e-commerce, consumers getting used to buy goods from e-trading websites, and buying digital media such as music, images, and videos directly online become more and more popular. To protect the digital products, digital watermarking is a commonly adopted approach. According to some relative researches, general watermarking schemes are not robust enough while undergoing the geometric attacks. Facing this challenge, the well-performed moment-based watermarking techniques are utilized to against these attacks. Moreover, in our commerce model, content owners sell or delegate their products to e-commerce service providers (or reselling agents) and these delegations are responsible for embedding watermarks into the content. Nevertheless, if content owner does not trust the delegations, doing encryption is helpful in protecting treasurable contents in advance. Therefore, we include an effective cryptosystem into our watermarking procedures. Since additive homomorphism is a must for directly conducting watermark embedding in the encryption domain, the well-known additive homomorphic cryptosystem: Paillier is taken into account. Finally, the encrypted content size will be enlarged, with the aid of Chinese Remainder Theorem, we will show how to deal with this commonly faced troublesome issue in doing encryption.

Although Business Intelligence (BI) is highly promoted and praised, organisations implementing a BI solution do not always achieve expected benefits. Instead, numerous reports of failed BI implementations and challenges prevail. Even organisations indicating they receive benefit from their BI solutions strive for improvement in BI. This highlights a need for BI to improve and for it to overcome its challenges. In response, this thesis proposes a paradigm shift for BI. It provides a literature and case study, representing an interpretive enquiry using a qualitative research approach. The case study is set within a large South African bank, extending to BI vendors providing BI solutions to the bank. Two scenarios are used to compare the views of BI providers and BI customers. In one scenario, the bank’s internal BI departments represent the BI provider view, providing BI to other departments within the bank as their BI customers. In the other scenario, the BI vendors represent the BI provider view and the BI customer view is represented by the bank’s BI departments as well as other internal bank departments – who are also the BI customers of the BI departments. The thesis starts by identifying BI’s prevailing challenges, highlighting the restrictive tendency evident within BI literature and practice whereby typical Information System (IS) challenges are raised as BI challenges. Challenges are then examined to understand their BI-specific aspects and to identify a list of BI’s prevailing challenges. The thesis then examines current measures proposed to address BI’s challenges, establishing that these are largely ineffective. Rather than attempt to resolve BI’s challenges in the same manner as previous attempts do, this thesis then analyses BI at a conceptual level to reveal a common worldview of BI held by BI practitioners and academics. It is identified that this common worldview is predominantly based on a Goods-Dominant (G-D) Logic, resulting in many of BI’s challenges. A suggestion is made to shift this worldview to a Service-Dominant (S-D) Logic. Although S-D Logic is not a new lens, it has not yet been explicitly applied to BI or a BI-related discipline at a conceptual level, offering the opportunity to examine BI from a new perspective wherein new insights to address BI’s persistent challenges emerge. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Informatics / unrestricted