The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Oregon Level I Diversion Program in changing knowledge and attitude concerning driving after drinking. A secondary purpose was to determine the effect of the eight different class-time schedules used to teach the required 12-hour curriculum on the clients' test scores. An additional purpose was to determine if a significant correlation existed between gain in knowledge scores and selected instructional variables. The 61 Item Drinking and Driving Inventory was administered to all 965 individuals in the sample. Pretest and posttest scores were analyzed using a Paired T and Analysis of Covariance. Data from questionnaires administered to teachers in the Oregon Diversion Program were correlated with students' gains in knowledge scores. The Pearson r and Spearman rho were used in the correlation analyses. Results of the statistical analyses at the .05 level of significance were: 1. There was a significant difference in pretest and posttest scores for all four dependent variables (knowledge score, two attitude scores and the behavioral intention score). 2. There was a significant difference in the adjusted means among the eight time spans for three of the dependent variables (knowledge score, one attitude score and the behavioral intention score). 3. The instructional variable identified as Cultural Differences on the questionnaire correlated significantly with students' gains in knowledge scores. An additional finding was gathered from the Oregon Department of Motor Vehicles' statistics. There was a lower re-arrest rate for the clients who completed the Level I Diversion Program than for the persons who chose to be processed through the court system. Selected recommendations included: 1. A long range study of recidivism to include correlation of personal and demographic variables of clients should be conducted. 2. A demographic analysis of program instructors, including their educational background correlated with performance, should be undertaken. / Graduation date: 1984

In  turbulent  environments,  the  infused  marketing  function  has  become  an  essential and natural part in the firms’ new product development (NPD). Some scholars define NPD as the transformation of a market opportunity into a product  as a result of the coupling of market assumptions with technological possibilities. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the role of market orientation in NPD, with the specific focus on how market orientation is carried out in NPD and how it affects NPD. This study is built  on  a  conceptual  framework  and  a  tool,  both  are  formed  from  literature.  The authors use the case study to conduct this research, and one company’s (Tylö’s) data is  gathered  through  the  semi-structured  interview.  Some  findings  are  obtained  from analysis: Firstly, market orientation contains two approaches, one is the market-driven approach and the other is the driving-market one, and firm could choose one of them according  to  the  new  product  features.  Secondly,  there  are  four  areas  in  market orientation, for each approach, the specific content in each area is different. Thirdly, the    four    areas    are    identifying    customers’    needs,    collecting    information, inter-functional  coordination  and  taking  action  and  they  move  on  sequentially.  In addition, two crucial factors-time and cost should be paid much attention in NPD.

Over the past five years, an average of about 323 traffic accidents that were caused by drunk driving occurred in Taiwan every year, resulting in 306 deaths and injuring 297 people and costing Taiwan society a lot. Concerned government agencies have recognized this harsh problem and taken measures as a counteract, for example, imposing heavy fines and punishing the driver with penal code, in order to discourage this poor habit of drunk driving. However, the tragedies caused by drunk driving have not abated. Government agencies usually execute public powers from the subjective perspective of statutory law, and similarly the research and investigation of related problems conducted in Taiwan usually emphasize the enforcement aspect. However, the results of foreign research indicate that risk message can be conveyed through risk communication so as to change the public¡¦s risk perception, resulting in their changes in behavior. This study began with the cognitive perspective of the risk of drunk driving perceived by the law enforcers, voluntary group of drunk driving risk, and pressured group of drunk driving risk, and used the experimental method of Information Integration Theory to investigate the integrated algebra model of each concerned group¡¦s ¡§probability information¡¨ and ¡§outcome information¡¨ of drunk driving risk and its level of risk perception. The findings are as follows: I. Cognitive algebra model (I) On drunk driving cases with high-probability, low-outcome risk of being stopped, the law enforcers as a whole used the multiplying model, while the drunk driving group and the ordinary driving group used the equal-weight averaging model to integrate the information. (II) On drunk driving cases with low-probability, high-outcome risk of causing traffic accidents, the law enforcers, the drunk driving group, and the ordinary group all used the adding model, with more emphasis on the outcome information. (III) On drunk driving cases with high-probability, low-outcome risk of being stopped, most people used the equal-weight averaging model, and they used the adding model on the cases of low-probability, high-outcome risk of causing traffic accidents. II. Risk perception (I) The drunk driving group had the highest risk perception on the type of high-probability, low-outcome risk of being stopped drunk driving, the ordinary group had the second highest risk perception, and the law enforcers had the lowest risk perception. (II) The ordinary group had the highest risk perception on the type of low-probability, high-outcome risk of drunk driving causing traffic accidents, the drunk driving group had the second highest risk perception, and the law enforcers had the lowest risk perception.

Because of the economic development of Taiwan, population gathering and the habit of people using transports, these considerations have made vehicle grow up fast. Vehicles emitted a large amount of pollutant that has caused many air pollution occasions. The motive of this study is to understand the motorcycle driving cycle, amount of pollutant and emission factor in four areas ¡VTaipei, Taichung, Kaoshiung and Pingtung. But it is very poor on concerning study in Taiwan. It is necessary to go on the concerning investigation and to establish the driving cycle and the actual emission factor of mobile source of Taiwan. The experiment includes two parts: one is regional driving pattern that is selected by factor analysis from samples; the other is to get the concentration of the pollutant and to calculate emission factors of the one by using Dynamometer. The pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbon (THC) and nitrogen oxides (NOX). In this study, the emission factors of motorcycles of the four areas are ¡§Taipei: CO 8.24 g/km, THC 2.53 g/km, NOX 0.12 g/km, CO2 55.98 g/km, Taichung: CO 7.81 g/km, THC 2.28 g/km, NOX 0.12 g/km, CO2 54.31 g/km, Kaoshiung: CO 6.53 g/km, THC 1.62 g/km, NOX 0.13 g/km, CO2 54.03 g/km, and Pingtung: CO 6.79 g/km, THC 1.63 g/km, NOX 0.13 g/km, CO2 41.42 g/km.

The thesis aims to investigate the golf swing dynamic behaviors by a suitable computer simulation. The FEM analysis software DYNA was used to analyze the golf swing motion. The swing model was made by driving moment at two revolving joints to provide torque of golf swing. The point is to set the model under the three-dimension gravity field to analyze the influences of club head speed, loft angle, lie angle and stresses in the shaft caused by different shaft flexes and club head weights. Form the finding of the study, the dynamic response and the shaft flex play important parts in swing motion. Comparing the results of the experiments of other research, the relationship among swing motion factors and their dynamic responses were conducted. It is believed that this thesis will provide some reliable computer stimulation data for the reference in sport science.

Due to drunk-driving fatality is the most focal issue in the U.S. traffic accident, this paper applies panel data model to analyze the influence of beer tax and other drunk-driving related laws on the U.S. drunk-driving fatality rate from 1982-2006. Different from former references, this paper investigate if the drunk-driving fatality rate declines by the time and by region. The result shows that drunk-driving fatality rate has declined by the time, especially, in 1987; the drunk-driving fatality rate statistically significant drops. The posibility is that U.S. Secretary of Transportation, Elizabeth, ordered the automobile manufactures to set seat belt or air bag with the cars from 1987. However, the drunk-driving fatality rate doesn¡¦t show different significantly by region. This may suggest that regions have similar laws and cultural norms, which leads to similar drunk-driving fatality rate. Finally, the survey indicates the higher beer tax, BAC 0.08 Law, and Zero Tolerance Law are effective policies to reduce drunk-driving.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 1999. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-120). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NQ39272

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-52).

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1984.

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