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The thesis is focused on production of a wooden oak bottle determined for conservation and alcohol aging. Parallelly to the research, that tries to discover the most convenient way of production, the problems which come into existence during completing of wooden bottle are solved. There was put emphasis on corresponding wood properties and choice of woody plant, alcohol influence on wood, just as right charring process inside of the wooden bottle. The wooden bottles were made of fresh wood, glued wood, thermally modified wood and natural dried wood. Comparison of these wooden bottles was made, just as focus on details of a bottom and a neck of the bottle where the biggest danger of leak is supposed. The unconventional experiment with drying of prism 110 x 110 mm was made. This way could speed up and simplify possible production. These methods were compared with traditional oak barrel production as well as with present wooden bottle producers. The explanation of using the wooden bottle is also a part the thesis.

Theme and purpose of this diploma thesis was to compile a recent oak standard chronology for the region of Northern Moravia and to perform a dendroclimatological analysis. At three locations within the region of Northern Moravia, 195 samples from recent oaks have been collected using the Pressler increment borer. Tree-ring widths have been measured and processed in PAST 32 programme. From well-correlated tree-ring curves, a standard chronology has been successfully established with the range from 1895 to 2015. Removal of age-related trend from tree-ring curves and creation of residual standard index oak chronology has been performed in ARSTAN programme. Resulted residual chronology was used for modelling an impact of climatic variables on the radial increment in DendroClim programme, whilst also an analysis of significant negative years has been performed. Radial increment showed statistical and significant positive correlation with rainfalls occurred in last September and in March of this year. Thickness increment indicates statistically negative correlation with Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) from April to August last year. The most significant negative years for radial increment, when more than 60% of all trees responded, were the following years: 1941, 1942, 1943, 1956, and 1998. These most significant negative years were caused by a lower rate of monthly rainfall accumulations and low temperatures during the growing season.

This master thesis based on experimental evaluation is focused on colour modification of oak wood veneers and its impact on bonding quality. Experiments were conducted on nanoiron treated oak wood as well as on untreated oak wood. By the experimental means was evaluated influence of treatment on wetting angle, bonding of surface layer and possibilty of impregnation of selected wood veneers in whole volume. Chosen modification didn´t effect selected assembly by loss of bonding quality.

This thesis is focused on the dendrochronology of the chosen bell headstocks in the churches in Boskovice region. This work describes the entire process of selecting churches, samplings, measurements and a tree-ring dating. The tree-ring dating was focused on the bell headstocks in the Church of St.Jacob Mayor in Boskovice, The Holly Trinity Church in Drnovice, the Church of St. Stanislav in Kunštát, the Church of St. Prokop in Letovice, the Church of St.Peter and St.Paul in Lysice and the Church of the Assumption of Mary in Sebranice. The found dates are compared with the awailable literature and internet sources. The chronology extends back 435years (1383-1818).This chronology was used to complete the Czech oak chronology CZGES 2016. Now the Czech oak chronology contains samplings from the entire location of natural occurrence of oaks in the Czech Republic.

BAP1 est un suppresseur de tumeurs dont le nombre de partenaires protéiques rend complexe l'appréhension de son rôle dans la cellule. Chez la Drosophile, BAP1 et ASX forment le complexe Polycomb PR-DUB, qui déubiquitine l'histone H2A sur la lysine 119 afin de maintenir une répression transcriptionnelle sur ses gènes cibles. Comprendre les mécanismes de régulation de BAP1 et définir son implication au sein de la machinerie Polycomb s'avèrent donc des enjeux cruciaux pour mieux appréhender son rôle au cours de la tumorigenèse. Par des approches biochimiques, nous avons montré l'existence de plusieurs complexes fonctionnellement distincts associés à BAP1. ASXL1 semble ainsi nécessaire à l'activité H2A deubiquitinase de BAP1, tandis qu'ASXL2 forme un complexe ternaire avec BAP1 et la déméthylase d'histones KDM1B. Par ailleurs, nous avons démontré le potentiel de répresseur transcriptionnel de BAP1, qui semble posséder différents domaines répresseurs. Afin d'étudier ces aspects à l'échelle du génome, des analyses du transcriptome et de différentes marques d'histone sont en cours, dans des cellules sauvages ou mutées pour différents membres de la famille Polycomb. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons entrepris une recherche exhaustive des substrats de BAP1. Nos résultats préliminaires suggèrent que non seulement H2A mais également H2B sont des cibles de BAP1, de même qu'un complexe protéique responsable du contrôle de la prolifération cellulaire via la régulation post-transcriptionnelle de plusieurs cyclines. Ces observations ouvrent la voie à plusieurs projets qui pourraient contribuer à expliquer les conséquences des mutations de BAP1 dans le processus tumoral. / BAP1 is as a tumor suppressor that associates to a variety of protein partners, thereby limiting the comprehension of its cellular functions. In Drosophila, BAP1 binds ASX to form the Polycomb PR-DUB complex, which deubiquitinates histone H2A on lysine 119 in order to maintain transcriptional repression on its target genes. Describing BAP1 mechanisms of action and defining how BAP1 cooperates with the Polycomb machinery are prerequisites to understand its role during tumorigenesis. Using a biochemical approach, we described the existence of several distinct subcomplexes associated with BAP1. Therefore, ASXL1 seems required for H2A deubiquitination, while ASXL2 forms a ternary complex of unknown function with BAP1 and the histone demethylase KDM1B. In addition, we demonstrated the transcriptional repressor function of BAP1, which possess several repressive domains. In addition, we are currently performing transcriptomic analysis combined with genome-wide mapping of different histone marks. These last analyses are performed in wild type cells or deficient in PR-DUB or other Polycomb components, which will help us to understand how BAP1 fits within the Polycomb machinery. In parallel, we engaged a comprehensive study aiming at the identification of new BAP1 substrates. Our preliminary results suggest that not only H2A but also H2B may be direct substrates of BAP1. In addition, we identified as a potential substrate the HNRNPM-IMP3 complex, which controls cell proliferation via post-transcriptional regulation of several cyclins. These observations pave the way for new projects that may contribute to explain the consequences of BAP1 mutations in cancer development.

The Wnt pathway is a fundamental signalling pathway conserved in all animals, regulating growth, differentiation, embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis in adults. Wnt signalling is kept quiescent by ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the transcription factor β-catenin, orchestrated by a group of proteins called the Destruction Complex. Aberrant Destruction Complex activity is a common theme in many cancers, and is the primary cause of colon cancer. Through mass spectrometry analysis of Axin protein complexes (a key Destruction Complex component) we identified the deubiquitinating enzyme USP34 as an Axin-interacting protein. Functional studies showed USP34 functions to positively regulate Wnt signalling, acting downstream of β-catenin stabilization. While characterizing USP34 we also discovered a new positive regulatory role for Axin in promoting signalling that is dependent on its nuclear localization. Our results suggest that USP34 stabilizes the nuclear pool of Axin through regulating its ubiquitination and offers a potential strategy to target pathological Wnt signalling.

The Wnt pathway is a fundamental signalling pathway conserved in all animals, regulating growth, differentiation, embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis in adults. Wnt signalling is kept quiescent by ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the transcription factor β-catenin, orchestrated by a group of proteins called the Destruction Complex. Aberrant Destruction Complex activity is a common theme in many cancers, and is the primary cause of colon cancer. Through mass spectrometry analysis of Axin protein complexes (a key Destruction Complex component) we identified the deubiquitinating enzyme USP34 as an Axin-interacting protein. Functional studies showed USP34 functions to positively regulate Wnt signalling, acting downstream of β-catenin stabilization. While characterizing USP34 we also discovered a new positive regulatory role for Axin in promoting signalling that is dependent on its nuclear localization. Our results suggest that USP34 stabilizes the nuclear pool of Axin through regulating its ubiquitination and offers a potential strategy to target pathological Wnt signalling.