Title: Analysis of circumstances, which affect attacks on rescuers during a service. Objectives: Objective of the thesis is to analyze and describe in detail circumstances and possible risks, which can happen during a duty of health service employee. Methods: This thesis is conceive as quantitative research with using constructed enquiry, which tries to find out set data. In theoretical part is used description of current situation. Results: Result of the thesis is elaborated analysis of circumstances, which affect attacks on rescuers during a service. Data and results, which were collected, were transformed into graphs with description. Keywords: Health service, Agression, Patient, Private defense

Many individuals experience barriers to accessing medical care, especially in rural areas. Some barriers are attitudinal and represent perceptions of quality care. Patient satisfaction and perceived need for medical care are two such attitudinal barriers related to health care utilization, yet the relationship between these variables has not been explored. Using data from an online survey, the current study examined the association between these variables, and further, whether rurality status moderated this association. Results indicated a significant correlation between patient satisfaction and perception of need. Although the overall moderation model was significant, perception of need was not significantly associated with patient satisfaction, and rurality status did not significantly moderate the relationship. However, the covariates of sexual orientation and income did significantly predict patient satisfaction. This study highlights the complex associations of patient satisfaction, as well as the importance of social determinants of health in patients’ perceptions of quality of care.

Criminal aspects of assisted reproduction Abstract The work deals with one of the most dynamically developing medical disciplines - assisted reproduction, the introduction and development of their technologies are considered one of the greatest advances in medicine in the 20th century. The purpose of this thesis is to provide the consistent overview of criminal law relations which may arise within providing assisted reproduction and to analyze the individual facts of crimes related to assisted reproduction, which should verify whether their wording provides sufficient protection for relations, interests and values covered by the Criminal Code. The thesis is composed of six chapters. The first chapter presents the fields of criminal law and medical law and examines the relationship between criminal law and health care system. The second chapter lists the conditions of criminal liability of natural and legal persons and lists the ground establishing the absence of criminal liability. The third chapter defines the concept of assisted reproduction, characterizes its methods, provides a historical overview of events that preceded the current interpretation of the concept. The third chapter also provides an overview of the principles that apply in this field of medicine and a list of sources governing the issue....

Master of Public Health - MPH / Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally, affecting a significant proportion of the economically active population, the majority of these occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In South Africa, over 40% of deaths are attributable to NCDs. The use of healthcare services by individuals who have NCDs is putatively high but has yet, not been adequately quantified. Furthermore, there is a paucity of research data on factors that influence healthcare services use among those experiencing NCDs in South Africa.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The aim of this dissertation is to explain how elective surgery patients choose between the public and private hospital sectors in the United Kingdom, and to analyze government policy changes which affect this choice. First the choice between the public and private sectors is modeled for the case where there is no private insurance available. The model takes into account the different rationing mechanisms used by National Health Service (NHS) and private hospitals to allocate surgery among patients. Private hospitals charge a price and ration on the basis of willingness to pay , while NHS hospitals , which face budget limits, ration on the basis of clinical need and require patients to wait for surgery. Consequently, a patient's choice of sector depends on her income and her level of clinical need. A simulation model is used to compare the efficiency and equity of two policy measures designed to raise the number of people receiving elective surgery : an increase in NHS funding and a subsidy to the price of private surgery. The subsidy is shown to be more efficient and the NHS funding increase more equitable. Within the same framework an expected utility model of the demand for private health insurance is developed. Two cases are analyzed: the case where individuals have no information about their future need for elective surgery and the case where they have partial information. In each case it is shown that for a given insurance premium there is a threshold level of income above which people buy insurance. It is also shown by simulation that in each case the insurance company can set a premium that allows it to break even. Finally the two models are combined. This enables the efficiency and equity of an increase in NHS funding, a subsidy to private care and a subsidy to private insurance to be compared in a situation where some private patients have insurance to cover the cost of their surgery. The NHS funding increase is shown to be most equitable , and depending on the definition of efficiency chosen, one of the two subsidies is most efficient. / 2031-01-01

This thesis was undertaken to assess the characteristics of individuals who smoke crack cocaine and to examine the health-related risks and healthcare needs of this population. A literature review of 147 published articles was conducted to synthesize evidence regarding behaviours associated with crack use and to assess the risks of disease transmission through crack smoking behaviours. Qualitative interviews were subsequently conducted with thirty Ottawa residents who smoke crack to learn about their experiences with healthcare and harm reduction services. Results identified barriers related to accessing primary healthcare and drug treatment programming among people who smoke crack and gaps within existing harm reduction services. Individuals who smoke crack represent a marginalized population who are often missed through traditional health promotion and harm reduction programming. There is a need for increased coverage of current programming and a reduction of factors which currently hinder the delivery and effectiveness of crack-specific harm reduction programs.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of mental health service use among US adults, examine the associations of mental health service use with health insurance coverage, mental health problems and drug use, and detect health disparities. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 5,434 adults receiving mental health service out of 37,424 adult respondents from the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations of potential factors with mental health service use. Results: The overall prevalence of mental health services use was 14.7%. Our results showed that being female, aging, having a major depressive episode, serious psychological distress, and illicit drug or alcohol abuse/dependence were positively associated with mental health service use; whereas being African American, Asian or Hispanic ethnicity, married, and having any form of insurance were negatively associated with mental health service use. Stratified analysis by insurance types showed that Medicaid/CHIP, CHAMPUS, and other insurance were positively associated with mental health service use. Conclusions: Health insurance coverage, mental health problems, and drug abuse or dependence were associated with mental health service use in US adults. Furthermore, adults with different insurances had disparities in access of mental health service.

No description available.

Thesis advisor: Shanta Pandey / A growing body of literature, particularly from low and middle-income countries, has focused on the role of male involvement in maternal care as a crucial strategy to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The purpose of this three-paper dissertation is to add to this evidence base within the context of India, and to gain an in-depth understanding of one aspect of male involvement – that is, male partner attendance in antenatal care. This dissertation utilized data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3, 2005-06 and NFHS-4, 2015-16) and was framed using the Social Ecological Model, Connell’s Theory of Gender and Power and a Gender-Transformative lens. Paper 1 summarized the levels of male partner attendance in antenatal care and assessed changes over time. Further, multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the factors influencing male partner attendance in antenatal care. The results show an overall increase in male partner attendance in India during the period of 2005-06 to 2015-16, with the Southern region reporting the highest level of male partner attendance in both years. Higher level of education and household wealth, increased knowledge of pregnancy-related complications, older age at marriage, and women’s autonomy were positively associated with male partner attendance in antenatal care. Paper 2 examined the association between male partner attendance in antenatal care and maternal health service utilization. Controlling for all socio-demographic variables and adjusting for report of pregnancy complications, the results showed that women who were accompanied by a male partner for antenatal care reported increased odds of maternal health service utilization (early initiation of antenatal care, frequency of antenatal care contacts and institutional delivery). While the place of residence (rural/urban) did not influence the association between male partner attendance and maternal health service utilization, region had a significant moderating effect. Paper 3 examined the association between antenatal care and infant birth weight, adjusting for gestational age. Further, the analysis also assessed whether the relationship between antenatal care and infant birth weight varied by male partner attendance. Findings indicate that early initiation of antenatal care and maternal immunization was associated with reduced odds of low birth weight among infants. The results showed that male partner attendance in antenatal care did not have a moderating influence. Taken together, the findings of the three papers have implications for policy and practice; further, they provide support for interventions that aim for a more inclusive and gender-transformative approach to maternal and neonatal health. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work. / Discipline: Social work.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The unnecessary medical care causes a heavy financial burden for the patients themselves and the society, and they also negatively impact the quality of medical care. An estimated 13% to 27% of ED visits in the United States could be managed in physician offices, clinics, and urgent care centers, saving $4.4 billion annually, and 26 percent of hospitalizations were potentially avoidable at a cost of $5.6 billion in 2005. If we can help people become more aware of health care services, it could be a potentially effective way to reduce emergency service overuse. we focused on mental health service and social work service as intervention variable, preventable ED visit, preventable ED visit due to mental health problem and hospitalization due to mental health problem as outcomes to determine the impact of specific social service on utilization of specific health care service adjusting for other characteristics of patients (demographic and utilization history information). The data which involved 24074 patients was provided from and managed by the Regenstrief Institute. The date of having the specific service and the frequency of using the specific health care service per year from 2011 to 2014 for each patient was recorded as well as the baseline information including gender, age, race, primary care visit per year before 2011, ACG risk score at 2011, ED visit per year before 2011. For each of preventable ED visit, preventable ED visit due to mental health problem and hospitalization due to mental health problem, we fitted a multiple linear regression model to ascertain the effects of mental health service and social work service adjusted for the baseline information. There was a significant relationship between preventable ED visit & mental health service, hospitalization due to mental health problems & mental health service, as well as hospitalization due to mental health problems & social work service. We found that in most situation, social services were positively associated with health care service. But in the second model which described the impact of mental health service on utilization of hospitalization due to mental health problem, receiving one mental health service can reduce the utilization of hospitalization due to mental health problem, which is as our expectation. According to our study, appropriate amount of services appears helpful on reducing the overuse of ED and hospitalization due to mental health problem. However, people who overused ED or hospitalization in the past were also more likely to be frequent service users, and they tended to continue overuse ED or Incur more hospitalization. There is a group of people who overuse ED or hospitalization without having any service. ED or hospitalization may be their first choice because of their financial condition or other factors, which makes them have no interest to take services.