This bachelor thesis has been done in cooperation with IKEA of Sweden in Älmhult. It is about a mapping and comparison study of how different companies handle their cost of poor quality (COPQ) in their logistics processes. In this study, we have collaborated with Electrolux, Gekås and Rusta. IKEA has a high COPQ, this means when poor quality occurs in their processes. This has attracted much attention in recent years and there is room for improvement. The part of the value chain chosen in this project is the logistics process. The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to map IKEA´s logistics process, then compare IKEA´s way of working with other companies through a benchmarking study and finally come up with areas for improvement. This gave the questions: How does IKEA's operate in their logistics process today and handle their cost of poor quality? How do our other partners operate and handle their logistics processes and cost of poor quality? What are the similarities and differences between the different companies? To find out how IKEA operates in their logistics process today, it was decided to make a corporate visit to one of IKEA's CDC:s. Here, a questionnaire has been used to get the information that was needed. Later this questionnaire formed the basis for the survey that was used to gather information from our other partners. To gather information from our partners, we have used benchmarking. This was done to see how our other partner organizations operate today and how they work accordingly to this study. The first step of the benchmarking, was to send out the survey to our partners. Later we followed up with personal interviews and visits. The collected data from the different companies formed the basis of the status report of them all. In the analysis, IKEA has been compared to each of our different partners and a summary of the analysis has been made. With the analysis finished, it has been clear that IKEA has some problems in their logistic process and that the cost of poor quality can decrease. This gave us some areas that IKEA can make improvements in. After that conclusion, forklift damages and packaging design are two areas that IKEA can make big improvements in. / Detta examensarbete har gjorts tillsammans med IKEA of Sweden i Älmhult. Det handlarom en kartläggning och jämförelse av hur olika företag hanterar sinakvalitetsbristkostnader inom logistikprocessen. Våra samarbetspartners i dettaarbetet är Electrolux, Gekås och Rusta

Les mutations économiques récentes ont favorisé l'émergence des pratiques industrielles plus appropriées aux nouveaux défis imposés. Dans ce contexte, les entreprises ont de plus en plus recours à de nouvelles méthodes d'organisation basées sur plus de coopération et de coordination entre elles. Parmi ces méthodes, la sous-traitance est devenue un outil important pour augmenter la compétitivité des entreprises et un moyen pour faire face à la complexité croissante des technologies pouvant générer dans certains cas un déficit de connaissance et de savoir faire. Dans ce cadre, notre but est d'étudier un système soumis à la contrainte de sous-traitance, dans un contexte de couplage de la gestion de la maintenance et la gestion de la production. En effet, la productivité des systèmes de production est directement affectée par les pannes des machines qui les composent et reste très sensible aux différentes politiques de commande et de maintenance adoptées. L'approche classique dissociant la maintenance et la production est limitée pour faire face aux exigences des nouveaux modes de gestion comme le juste à temps. Pour cela, nos études intègrent la maintenance et la production qui s'est avérée être une approche s'adaptant le mieux aux conditions de la gestion moderne des systèmes manufacturiers. Ainsi, nous avons étudié la sous-traitance industrielle et nous nous sommes intéressés aux systèmes industriels sous-traitants, c'est à dire prestataires de services de sous-traitance. De telles entreprises doivent garantir leurs propres demandes, qui leur parviennent directement, tout en offrant leurs services pour des tiers sous forme de tâches périodiques appelées «Tâches de Sous-Traitance» (TST). Proposer des services de sous-traitance est motivé par le fait que l'entreprise a la capacité de satisfaire sa propre demande, ce qui lui permet d'accomplir des actions supplémentaires générant des profits additionnels / In today's increasingly competitive global industrial world, the relationships between enterprises are getting improved towards more cooperation and collaboration. In this context, many companies have recourse to the industrial subcontracting which became a very widespread practice to face competition, but also to cure the technological lack to manufacture a product with a sufficient effectiveness, or the incapacity to product within the deadlines and with the requested quantities. This recourse to subcontracting can be also justified by the will of the company to concentrate on core activities and turn to external sources and collaborate with external partners in order to develop shared technological capabilities. Thus, the importance of subcontracting has increased, creating new challenges for companies. We find in the literature various studies treating subcontracting in aeronautics, manufacturing, construction, business and supply chain..., In this thesis, we study the problems generated by the integration of subcontracting activity in companies providing subcontracting services

Cette thèse porte sur le développement, l'évaluation et l'optimisation de nouvelles stratégies de maintenance pour des systèmes multi-composants. Cette démarche est justifiée par le fait que contrairement aux systèmes monolithiques qui ont été largement traités dans la littérature sur la maintenance, les systèmes multi-composants avec dépendances économique et stochastique sont encore peu étudiés à cause essentiellement de la difficulté de modélisation de ces types de dépendance. Dans ce cadre d'étude de la maintenance des systèmes multi-composants, cette thèse contient trois volets indépendants. Le premier volet porte sur un type particulier d'équipements dont l'état ne peut être connu que suite à une inspection. De tels équipements constitués de deux composants en série sont considérés. Une nouvelle stratégie quasi-optimale de maintenance conditionnelle basée sur des inspections séquentielles des deux composants est proposée. Dans le deuxième volet on considère des systèmes multi-composants complexes dans le sens où leurs composants peuvent être sujets à des défaillances aléatoires locales et/ou propagées avec ou sans effet d'isolation. Une stratégie de maintenance sélective est proposée pour ce type de systèmes. Dans le troisième et dernier volet la notion de systèmes multi-composants est étendue aux systèmes de production multi-lignes. Dans cette perspective, cette partie porte sur le développement d'une politique intégrée de production-maintenance pour un système de production à deux lignes fonctionnant en parallèle en présence d'une dépendance de type stochastique entre les deux lignes / This thesis focuses on the development, the evaluation and the optimization of new maintenance policies for multi-component systems. This approach is justified by the fact that contrarily to single component systems which have been extensively treated in the literature on maintenance strategies, multi-component systems with economic and stochastic dependence have been much less studied due to the difficulty in modeling such kind of dependence. In this context of studying multi-component systems maintenance, this thesis is made of three independent parts. The first part focuses on a particular type of equipment whose state can only be known following inspection. Such equipment made of two components in series is considered. A new nearly optimal condition based maintenance policy based on sequential inspections of both components is proposed. In the second part, we consider complex multi-component systems in which the components are subject to random local and/or propagated failures, with or without isolation effect. A selective maintenance strategy is applied to such systems. In the third and last part, the concept of multi-component systems is extended to manufacturing systems with multiple machines. In this context, this part focuses on the development of an integrated production-maintenance policy for a production system consisting of two machines in parallel in presence of a form of stochastic dependency between them

Dans un contexte économique fortement concurrentiel, la maintenance des équipements de productions constitue un enjeu socio-économique décisif pour les entreprises. De même, les enjeux de maintenance ont connu de fortes évolutions, le secteur est en pleine mutation. Face à cela, les attentes, les besoins en matière de coût, de délai, de qualité et de respect de l’environnement changent. Suite à ce constat, on a souhaité développer dans cette thèse de nouvelles stratégies intégrées de maintenance, de production, de gestion des stocks de pièces de rechange en tenant compte de différentes contraintes opérationnelles. Parmi ces contraintes, on peut citer la variation de la cadence de production des systèmes et son impact sur la dégradation du système de production ainsi que sur le plan de maintenance et de gestion de pièces de rechanges. On s’est intéressé aussi à l’origine et au type des pièces de rechange (neuves ou usagées) utilisées pour assurer les activités de maintenance. En plus de l’influence technico-économique de l’origine des pièces de rechange utilisées sur le système de production, on a également évalué l’impact environnemental de ces derniers en considérant des données de l’ADEME. Formellement, L’objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer par des approches formelles permettant une optimisation des cadences de production couplée à des politiques de maintenance et intégrant des stratégies efficientes dans la gestion des pièces de rechange. Des méthodes analytiques et techniques d’optimisation, appuyées par des modèles de simulations selon la difficulté de résolutions ont été développées afin de réaliser les objectifs de cette thèse. Une étude de cas industrielle ainsi que des exemples numériques sont présentés pour valider les résultats théoriques obtenus / In a highly competitive economic environment, maintenance of production facilities is a crucial socio-economic challenge for companies. Similarly, maintenance issues experienced significant changes, the sector is changing. Faced with this, the expectations, the needs of cost, time, quality and environmental change. Following this, we wanted to develop in this thesis new integrated strategies for maintenance, production, and inventory management of spare parts taking into account different operational constraints. These constraints include the change in the rate of production systems and its impact on the deterioration of the production system and on the maintenance plan and spare parts management. It was also interested in the origin and type of spare parts (new or used) used to ensure maintenance activities. In addition to the technical and economic influence of the origin of spare parts used in the production system, we also evaluated the environmental impact of the latter considering ADEME data. Formally, The aim of this thesis is to contribute by formal approaches to optimization of production rates coupled with maintenance policies and integrating efficient strategies in the management of spare parts. Analytical methods and optimization techniques, supported by simulation models according to resolutions of difficulty have been developed to achieve the objectives of this thesis. An industrial case studies and numerical examples are presented to validate theoretical results

When buying a new car today, the customer often expects to get a vehiclewith high quality. Each vehicle or engine should therefore be checked toassure quality. The same goes for clutches and couplings. A powerful enginebecomes useless when a clutch slips. Reliable torque measurement istherefore essential to the automotive industry. The herewith Bachelor thesisproposes a new torque calibration rig for online torque measurement in couplingapplications.The concept encompasses a servo motor with its associated electronics, agearbox to create the high torques (3 kNm), a reference torque transducer,and mounting elements or adapters. From the concept generation phase, thethesis includes CAD-models of the torque calibration rig with mathematicalmodels leading to the calculation of the measurement uncertainty of the calibrationsystem.This work was performed at BorgWarner PowerDrive Systems AB in Landskronaduring eight weeks; the two remaining weeks were completed in Lulea.

<p>Manufacturing today is increasingly competitive and every organization around the world is looking to decrease costs. Maintenance costs generated an average of 28 percent of total manufacturing cost at the Fiat Chrysler Indiana Transmission Plant One in 2018, states Rex White, Head Maintenance Planner at Fiat Chrysler (2018). Maintenance is a supportive expense that does not generate a profit, which makes maintenance an attractive expense to decrease. The cost for components and skilled labor are expensive; however, the downtime is exponentially a larger threat to production cost. One most feared scenarios within a manufacturing facility is that one machine takes down several as it backs up the entire production process.</p><p>The three major types of maintenance are reactive, preventive, and predictive. The research project focused on applying the principles of predictive maintenance to the Fiat Chrysler facilities in Indiana. The report explains the techniques and principles of applying the technology currently available to reduce downtime and maintenance cost. The predictive maintenance procedures and saving are compared with reactive and preventive methods to determine a value of return. The report will examine the benefits of using the Internet of Things technology to create autonomous self-diagnosing smart machines. The predictive maintenance plan in this research illustration will introduce health check equipment used to implement longer lasting machine components. In conclusion, the project developed out an entire predictive maintenance plan to reduce downtime and maintenance costs.<br></p><p></p><br>

Substantial savings in operations can be achieved by reducing the amount of wastewater that must be pumped and treated. Utilities have long dealt with the infiltration and inflow (I and I) issues in their system by televising their pipes and identifying leak points, but this primarily addresses only the infiltration part of “I and I.” Inflow, which creates hydraulic issues during rain events, leads to sanitary sewer overflows and can subject the utility to fines from regulatory agencies. As a result, dealing with the inflow portion of I and I is needed. The goal of this thesis is to differentiate inflow and infiltration from baseflow and to determine the effectiveness of different methods used to reduce inflow and infiltration in sanitary sewer lines. An analysis was conducted on the benefits and cost effectiveness of different inflow/infiltration approaches (slip-lining sewer lines, stormwater manhole inserts, replacing sewer lines, smoke testing, etc.) and cost savings municipalities can expect to receive from each. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

by Siu-Keung Wan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-70). / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction and Review / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Review --- p.3 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- A general IRR model for a system with unobservable states / Chapter 2.1 --- Model and assumptions --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Long-run average cost per unit time incurred in a replacement cycle --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- The Algorithm / Chapter 3.1 --- The key point and the local turning point of the average cost --- p.16 / Chapter 3.2 --- A finite algorithm --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis with discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Weibull Distribution Case --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2 --- Gamma Distribution Case --- p.28 / Chapter 4.3 --- Exponential Distribution Case --- p.30 / Chapter 4.4 --- Sensitivity analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusion and further development --- p.38 / Figures --- p.40 / Tables --- p.46 / References --- p.69

With the majority of bridges in the country aging, over capacity and costly to rehabilitate or replace, it is essential that engineers refine their inspection and evaluation techniques. Over the past 130 years the information gathering techniques and methods used by engineers to inspect bridges have changed little. All of the available methods rely on one technique, visual inspection. In addition, over the past 40 years individual bridge inspectors have gone from being information gathers to being solely responsible for the condition rating of bridges they inspect. The reliance on the visual abilities of a single individual to determine the health of a particular bridge has led to inconsistent and sometimes erroneous results. In an effort to provide bridge inspectors and engineers with more reliable inspection and evaluation techniques, this thesis will detail the case for development of a new inspection tool, and the assembly and use of one new tool called Fringe Interferometry

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries