Busca mejorar los procesos de fabricación que permitan alcanzar la certificación ISO 9001:2015 en una empresa de confecciones. Metodológicamente el estudio es de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo con un diseño de tipo no experimental transeccional. El estudio es aplicado a todos los procesos que estén dentro del alcance establecido, tanto para principales como de apoyo que conformen el sistema de gestión de calidad. En relación a la instrumentación se ha formulado un instrumento de recolección de datos con 256 ítems con 3 alternativas de respuesta. Realiza el análisis descriptivo de las variables y rechaza la hipótesis nula. Concluye que la mejora en los procesos de fabricación permite alcanzar la certificación ISO 9001:2015 en una empresa de confecciones. / Tesis

Textile factories or Maquiladoras are very abundant and predominant in Central American economies. However, they all do not have the same standardized work schedule or routines. Most of the Maquiladoras only follow schedules and regulations established by the current labor laws without taking into consideration many variables within their organization that could affect their overall performance. As a result, the purpose of the study is to analyze the current working structure of a textile Maquiladora and determine the most suitable schedule that will abide with the current working structure but also increase production levels, employee morale and decrease employee fatigue. A Maquiladora located in el Salvador, C.A. has been chosen for the study. It currently provides finished goods to one of the leading textile industries in the United States of America. The study will consist of collecting production numbers for two of their manufacturing cells for five consecutive days. In addition, a questionnaire will be administered to measure employee fatigue. Once all data have been collected, the data will be analyzed to determine the best working structure that will benefit the employee and the employer.

El presente proyecto se enfoca sobre un protector de bamboo que no solo conservará mejor su inversión de descanso, sino que le otorgará un descanso más fresco y saludable, ya que hemos identificado que, en Lima metropolitana, según la organización mundial de salud, cerca de un 80% de personas tienen problemas para dormir bien y como consecuencia no logran recuperar las energías necesarias que se requieren para poder continuar otra vez con sus labores cotidianas. Por otro lado, de este porcentaje podemos mencionar que un 60% no consigue dormir bien por temas de calor o de sensación de calor que afectan de manera directa su descanso. Además, este problema se acentúa más en algunas épocas de año y se convierte en un problema más preocupante cuando afecta la salud de las personas. Estimamos que para poder arrancar el negocio se requiere de una inversión de 132,886.46 soles. El cual nos permitirá poder realizar la compra de la materia prima, tercerizar la confección del producto y realizar la entrega del producto terminado a los clientes. Por otro lado, nos permitirá solventar los gastos fijos (Sueldos) y variables (Despachos del producto) del negocio. Al culminar el periodo de 5 años, esperamos vender 3, 715,243.74 soles. Para ello necesitamos un financiamiento bancario de 53,154.58 soles; y una inversión externa de 31,892.75 a cambio de una participación del 30.00%. / This project focuses on a bamboo protector that will not only preserve your rest investment better, but will also give you a fresher and healthier rest, since we have identified that, in metropolitan Lima, according to the World Health Organization, near 80% of people have problems to sleep well and as a consequence they do not manage to recover the necessary energies that are required to be able to continue again with their daily tasks. On the other hand, of this percentage we can mention that 60% do not get a good sleep due to heat or heat sensation that directly affect their rest. In addition, this problem is accentuated more at some times of the year and becomes a more worrisome problem when it affects the health of people. We estimate that in order to start the business, an investment of 132,886.46 soles is required. Which will allow us to make the purchase of the raw material, outsource the preparation of the product and deliver the finished product to customers. On the other hand, it will allow us to cover the fixed expenses (Salaries) and variable (Product Dispatches) of the business. At the end of the 5 year period, we expect to sell 3, 715,243.74 soles. For this we need external financing of 53,154.58 soles; and, we requested an investment of 31,892.75 in exchange for a 30.00% stake. / Trabajo de investigación

Analiza del proceso productivo del área de costura de una empresa textil de confección de prendas, esta área fue seleccionada para el estudio debido a que presenta deficiencias. El objetivo principal es mejorar la productividad mediante la aplicación de herramientas de Manufactura Esbelta para lograr optimizar los recursos utilizados, para esto se realizó un estudio y análisis del proceso de producción dándole mayor énfasis al área de costura de prendas para detectar, minimizar y hasta eliminar actividades que no generan valor y ocasionan sobrecostos, reducir los tiempos de entrega, las actividades de reproceso, de esta forma poder satisfacer las necesidades del cliente con un producto acorde a sus necesidades y obtener mejores beneficios para la empresa. Se obtuvo como resultado de la investigación el incremento del 9.77% de la productividad del área de costura y de la producción mensual con 204 unidades adicionales por mes por medio de la aplicación de la herramienta 5’S y la capacitación técnica para mejorar la polivalencia del personal. / Tesis

In this dissertation, we introduce a framework for simulating the dynamics between liquid and thin structures, including the effects of buoyancy, drag, capillary cohesion, dripping, and diffusion. After introducing related works, Part I begins with a discussion on the interactions between Newtonian fluid and fabrics. In this discussion, we treat both the fluid and the fabrics as continuum media; thus, the physical model is built from mixture theory. In Part II, we discuss the interactions between Newtonian fluid and hairs. To have more detailed dynamics, we no longer treat the hairs as continuum media. Instead, we treat them as discrete Kirchhoff rods. To deal with the thin layer of liquid that clings to the hairs, we augment each hair strand with a height field representation, through which we introduce a new reduced-dimensional flow model to solve the motion of liquid along the longitudinal direction of each hair. In addition, we develop a faithful model for the hairs' cohesion induced by surface tension, where a penalty force is applied to simulate the collision and cohesion between hairs. To enable the discrete strands interact with continuum-based, shear-dependent liquid, in Part III, we develop models that account for the volume change of the liquid as it passes through strands and the momentum exchange between the strands and the liquid. Accordingly, we extend the reduced-dimensional flow model to simulate liquid with elastoviscoplastic behavior. Furthermore, we use a constraint-based model to replace the penalty-force model to handle contact, which enables an accurate simulation of the frictional and adhesive effects between wet strands. We also present a principled method to preserve the total momentum of a strand and its surface flow, as well as an analytic plastic flow approach for Herschel-Bulkley fluid that enables stable semi-implicit integration at larger time steps. We demonstrate a wide range of effects, including the challenging animation scenarios involving splashing, wringing, and colliding of wet clothes, as well as flipping of hair, animals shaking, spinning roller brushes from car washes being dunked in water, and intricate hair coalescence effects. For complex liquids, we explore a series of challenging scenarios, including strands interacting with oil paint, mud, cream, melted chocolate, and pasta sauce.

The medical field has been a part of the smart textile area for quite some time. With time come technological advancement and the two fields converge on more and more areas. One such area is that of using textile electrodes, textrodes, for measuring bioelectrical activity, such as heart rate for ECG analysis. There are many components that make for a successful textile electrode and though many studies have been made in the subject there are several aspects that still are difficult. By using textile electrodes the problem with skin irritation from electrolyte gels, commonly used for conventional electrodes, is avoided, however dry textrodes create disturbances in the output signal (heart rate) while subjected to movement and internal dimensional changes. The addition of moisture to a textrode has shown to decrease these intermittent disturbances but the knowledge about fundamental textile structural influence in the matter has not been fully investigated. This study investigates a flat, a 2-thread fleece and an open structure, and their relation to moisture both as textile structures and as textrodes. This way the possibilities of utilising moisture to increase performance in a textrode purpose can be examined and to what extent the textile structure plays a part in that exploitation. The material composition of textile structures also affects their properties The introduction of assistive materials, polyester and viscose, into the Shieldex (conductive yarn) structures is done to test core moisture management properties such as surface tension, absorption and moisture content, and correlate them to electrical properties necessary for textrode function. In the end the gap between textile structure and end product in form of a textrode is closed as the impedance and microclimate of the textrodes are studied. This is mainly to tie together the fundamental textile structures with a complex textile construction. In conclusion the complexity is also confirmed as structural, materialistic and external influences has an impact on the results. The influence of moisture on lowered resistance and impedance in the structures is confirmed but the impact of textile structure can also be seen. The 2-thread fleece and open structures often has a more positive impact on results and therefore has the possibility of enhancing performance of a textrode for bioelectrical signal monitoring. With these results a more effective way of producing long-lasting, patient-friendly, textrodes can be derived and in the future lead to better care in the medical areas.

A continuing interest in the relationship between the 'decorative' and the 'technological' is a key area that underpins the author's artistic practice. This paper surveys the historical links between the production of applied and decorative art and the emergence of associated technologies as it relates to the author's Art practice. The focus is on Asia's influence on European applied and decorative arts as resulting from the trade relationship evolved over many centuries. Particular emphasis is placed on the period between 17th-19th centuries and with specific reference to textiles. This trade relationship affected European taste, the supply and demand of luxury goods, and introduced technological developments, which in turn had a marked effect on the European social and cultural environment. A brief comparison is made with contemporary trade and production relationships between the West and developng nations, particularly in the East-looking at parallels in trade patterns and systems, which were laid down during 17th-19th century period and are still present today. / Master of Arts (Hons) Contemporary Art

Cette thèse combine le calcul haute performance à la réalité virtuelle par son apport de méthodes de calcul parallèle pour l'animation d'objets 3D en synthèse d'image. Son application vise plus particulièrement le domaine de la simulation de textiles par modèles physiques. Les lois fondamentales de la dynamique ont en effet été employées pour modéliser le mouvement de plusieurs objets dans un souci de réalisme. Les modèles employés étant numériquement complexes, le calcul d'une image en séquentiel varie de la seconde à plusieurs minutes suivant la complexité du modèle. L'objectif a été de diminuer ce temps par la parallélisation des algorithmes et l'exécution sur grappes de machines multiprocesseurs afin d'obtenir des animations en temps réel. Différentes méthodes d'intégration des équations du mouvement ont été implantées en parallèle. Dans le cas de l'emploi de méthodes implicites, les opérations coûteuses en calcul proviennent de la résolution de systèmes linéaires par la méthode du Gradient Conjugué impliquant des opérations d'algèbre linéaire de type multiplications de matrices creuses et de vecteurs. Ce projet de thèse a contribué à l'obtention de nouvelles structures algorithmiques parallèles efficaces avec l'obtention d'algorithmes asynchrones. Il a également permis de valider l'approche de l'environnement de programmation parallèle Athapascan (projet INRIA-APACHE) avec la mise au point d'applications avec des contraintes temps réel mou ainsi que le contrôle dynamique de son ordonnanceur. Durant ce projet de thèse, un couplage entre la simulation parallèle de textiles et son affichage utilisant l'environnement de visualisation multi-écrans Net Juggler a également été réalisé en faisant communiquer efficacement ces deux programmes parallèles.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera utlokaliseringen av tekoindustrin i EU15. Man finner svaren i följande frågor: Vilka faktorer bidrar till omflyttning av produktionen till låglöne-länder? Vilka är vinnarna och förlorarna på denna omstrukturering? Hur klarar den Euro-peiska tekoindustrin av dessa utmaningar? Att redogöra för varje EU-land är för omfattan-de därför valdes Sverige och Portugal beroende på att respektive land har en utvecklad och mindre utvecklad ekonomi. Därutöver riktas deras produktion mot olika sektorer av teko-industrin vilket möjliggjorde landsjämförelsen. Största delen av datan har samlats från SourceOECD’s hemsida då den innehåller information som är viktigast for uppsatsen. Re-sultatet visar att när industrin utvecklas och marknaden till slut blir överhettad börjar indu-strilandet att flytta produktionen utomlands, fokuseringen ändras och impörten blir allt vik-tigare. Denna process sker gradvis med hjälp av liberalisering av världshandel och EU ut-ökning. / The purpose of this paper is to analyze the location dynamics of textile and clothing industries in the EU15. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: What are the factors that contribute to the relocation of European production to low-wage countries? Who are hurt by these changes and who gain? How does the European textile and clothing industry cope with these challenges? It is beyond the scope of this paper to analyze the T/C industry of each EU15 member state. Instead, it specifically investigates Sweden and Portugal’s textile and clothing sectors simply because the former represents Europe’s old economy while the latter the most recent one. In addition, each country devotes its production to the different sectors of the industry, hence this cross-country comparison. Majority of the data is gathered from SourceOECD as the webpage contains information of most value to this paper. The result of this study shows that as an industry matures and competition heats up pricing measures, the developed country moves production operations overseas, ends up as a net importer of the good and shifts focus toward other activities. This process takes effect gradually but the liberalisation of world trade and European enlargement are a few contributing factors which helped anchor relocation decisions.

Turkish textile and clothing industry is one of the pillar industries of Turkish economy with its contribution to export, GDP and employment. Also, it has linkages with many other industries. As a consequent, developments emerged in the industry eventually affect the overall economy of Turkey. Hence, analysis of the competitiveness of the enterprises operating in the textile and clothing industry of Turkey is very important for a more competitive country. Within this context, the purpose of this study is to explore the key determinants of competitiveness of Turkish textiles and clothing industry, and analyze the effects of firm characteristics and future expectations on perceived competitive advantage of Turkish textiles and clothing firms. The study further purposes to analyze the Turkish textiles and clothing industry&rsquo / s structure.