Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T14:55:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivoTotal.pdf: 4257522 bytes, checksum: d45abd8f3cfc70a19e357fa718af6208 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / We conducted a study on the phylogenetic relationships of Glossoscolecidae through the henniguian method of data processing. We used morphological characters obtained from references and through observation of animals deposited in collections. A total of 45 characters were selected from 61 terminal taxa. Multiple outgroups were selected (Alluroididae, Haplotaxidae, Hrabeiella periglandulata, Lumbriculidae, Moniligastridae, and Monotesticulata Syngenodrilidae). The phylogenetic analysis was performed using the software Mesquite (version 2.75) and TNT (version 1.1). The characters were coded, whenever possible, as multiestates and absences as apomorphies. The data were treated as unordered and ordered. At TNT, we compared the results of two algorithms (Traditional Search and New Technology Search). The strict consensus trees with ordered characters not supported the monophyly of Glossoscolecidae. Only with characters unordered, the taxon was supported by the presence of sphincter in nephridia. In general, there were no differences in outcomes between the use of software Mesquite and TNT and the use of the algorithm Traditional Search and New Technology Search. We propose the following positioning Glossoscolecidae between the Euclitellata: Lumbricina: (Hormogastridae (Microchaetidae + Glossoscolecidae)) + Megascolecoidea + Lumbricidae + Kynotidae + (Sparganophilidae (Almidae + Criodrilidae)). / Realizou-se um estudo das relações filogenéticas de Glossoscolecidae através do método hennigiano de tratamento de dados. Foram utilizados caracteres morfológicos obtidos em bibliografias e através da observação de animais depositados em coleções. Um total de 45 caracteres foram selecionados, e 61 táxons terminais. Multiplos grupos-externo foram selecionados (Alluroididae, Haplotaxidae, Hrabeiella periglandulata, Lumbriculidae, Moniligastridae, Monotesticulata e Syngenodrilidae). A análise filogenética foi realizada com o uso dos softwares Mesquite (versão 2.75) e TNT (versão 1.1). Os caracteres foram codificados em multiestados sempre que possível e ausências como apomorfias. Os dados foram tratados como não-ordenados e ordenados. No TNT, comparou-se os resultados de dois algoritmos (Traditional Search e New Technology Search). As árvores de consenso estrito com caracteres ordenados não sustentou a monofilia de Glossoscolecidae. Apenas com os caracteres não-ordenados, o táxon foi sustentando pela presença de esfíncter nos nefrídios. Em geral, não houve diferenças nos resultados entre o uso do software Mesquite e TNT e entre o uso do algoritmo Traditional Search e New Technology Search. Propomos o seguinte posicionamento de Glossoscolecidae entre os Euclitellata: Lumbricina: (Hormogastridae (Microchaetidae + Glossoscolecidae)) + Megascolecoidea + Lumbricidae + Kynotidae + (Sparganophilidae (Almidae + Criodrilidae)).

Submitted by Élida Maeli Fernandes Quirino (maely_sax@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-15T19:50:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CLENILSON FERREIRA DA SILVA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2004..pdf: 17082584 bytes, checksum: a09a08f2e0b07031cb1ef45f2c5c6b73 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-15T19:50:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CLENILSON FERREIRA DA SILVA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2004..pdf: 17082584 bytes, checksum: a09a08f2e0b07031cb1ef45f2c5c6b73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09 / Este trabalho teve, como objetivo a desinfecção do lodo anaeróbio oriundo de Digestores Anaeróbio de Fluxo Ascendente (DAFA), instalado no PROSAB/ Campina Grande-Pb, através da vermicompostagem com minhocas vermelhas da Califórnia. O experimento foi realizado durante o período de junho a outubro de 2002. O delineamento foi em blocos inteiramente causalizados, em esquema fatorial [(3 x 2) + 1], representado por três umidades (60, 70 e 80%) e dois compostos de lodo (lodo anaeróbio e lodo anaeróbio+bagaço de cana-de-açúcar), mais uma testemunha: absoluta (lodo anaeróbio a 85%), com quatro repetições. Após a desidratação do lodo anaeróbio. A vermicompostagem promoveu a remoção dos coliformes fecais em todos os tratamentos aplicados. Para os helmintos, a maior redução foi obtida quando da utilização do substrato sem bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, já em relação ao teor de umidade, a maior redução de helmintos foi conseguida a uma umidade de 70%. Quanto ao teor de metais pesados determinados nas amostras do vermicomposto, ficaram muito abaixo do máximo permissível para uso agrícola do lodo (USEPA, 1992). Observou-se também que, ao final do experimento a produtividade da Eisenia fétida (minhoca vermelha da Califónia) foi bastante satisfatório em alguns tratamentos. / This vvork had, as objective the disinfection of the anaerobic mud originating frora of Anaerobic Digestores of Ascending Flow (DAFA), installed in PROSAB / Campina Grande-Pb, through the vermicompostagem with red earthworms of Califórnia. The experiment was accomplished during the period of June to October of 2002. The delineamento was in blocks entirely causalizados, in factorial outline [(3 x 2) + 1], acted by three humidities (60, 70 and 80%) and two composed of mud (anaerobic mud and mud sugarcane anaeróbio+bagaço), one more witness: absolute (anaerobic mud to 85%), with four repetitions. After the dehydration of the anaerobic mud. The vermicompostagem promoted the removal of the fecal coliformes in ali of the applied treatments. For the helmintos, the largest reduction was obtained when of the use of the subsrratum without sugarcane pulp, already in relation to the humidity tenor, the largest helmintos reduction was gotten her/it a humidity of 70%. as for the tenor certain metais in the samples of the vermicomposto, they were a lot below the permissible maximum for agricultural use of the mud (USEPA, 1992). it was also Observed that, at the end of the experiment the productivity of fetid Eisenia (red earthworm of Califónia) it was quite satisfactory in some treatments.

Field observation and manipulative experiments were carried out to describe and test important processes affecting the plant succession on Sokolov post-mining sites. Examined was mainly effect of dominant tree species (which are planted or spontaneously established) on understory plants, litter decomposability and effect of earthworms (Lumbricidae) on late successional plant species.

Experiments were performed to assess the suitability of Rhabditis pellio, a nematode found in earthworms, as a challenge organism for use in development of a biomarker assay to determine the potential of chemicals to suppress the immunocompetence of the non-specific immune system. To accomplish this goal, information on the life cycle of R. pellio was determined; including effects of incubation time and temperature on growth rates; along with information on the immune response elicited in the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris. Immune parameters measured were coelomocyte migration toward and attachment to R. pellio larvae and adults. Preliminary background information showed that R. pellio has potential as a challenge organism for development of a biomarker assay.

Proteomic techniques were used to analyze the protein profile of earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris, coelomic fluid collected by either whole body dissection method or the coelomic cavity puncture method. Data demonstrated that collection of coelomic fluid using the coelomic cavity puncture method protocol resulted in a 32% reduction, 377 +/- 4.5 vs 253+/- 19.9 (p=0.0007), in the number of individual proteins. It was determined that the coelomic cavity puncture method yielded a "cleaner" preparation, one less contaminated with extraneous proteins from intestinal tissue, gut contents, and body wall materials. This protocol was used in all later studies. The same proteomic techniques were used to evaluate the effects that exposure to Cu (1.0 μg/cm2) as CuSO4 had on the earthworm coelomic fluid profile. Comparison of protein profile from exposed earthworms demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of proteins expressed (184 ± 2.64 vs 253 ±19.9 p=0.0192) when compared to control organisms. Cu exposure also resulted in a modulation of the protein profile with treated earthworms expressing 47 new proteins that were not identified in unexposed worm coelomic fluid. Additionally, 116 proteins found in coelomic fluid collected from normal worms were absent in Cu exposed organisms. Finally, 137 proteins were conserved or found in both control and exposed organisms; however of these proteins, 24 were up-regulated, 105 were down-regulated, and 8 were unchanged as a result of Cu exposure.

Arctic soils contain a large fraction of our planets terrestrial carbon (C) pool. When tundra soils become warmer and permafrost thaws, non-native geoengineering earthworms can enter these soils and ingest organic matter accumulated over long timescales. Previous studies have found that earthworms increase mineralization rates of soil organic matter into carbon dioxide (CO2) when introduced. Yet, this initial mineralization boost seems transient with time and it has been hypothesized that earthworms stimulate the formation of persistent C forms. In this study, I investigated how non-native, geoengineering earthworms affected the relative proportions of seven carbon forms in the O and A1 horizon of tundra soil and if their effect induced a change in pH. I used Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to understand what happens to soil carbon compounds in two different tundra vegetation types (heath and meadow), that had been subjected to earthworm treatment for three summers. I found that O-aromatic C increased from 7.22% ± 0.24 (mean ± stderr) in the meadow soil lacking earthworms to 8.98% ± 0.30 in the meadow exposed to earthworms, and that aromatic C increased from 8.71% ± 0.23 to 9.93% ± 0.25. In similar, the result suggested that alkyl C decreased in this vegetation type from 20.43% ± 0.38 to 18.70% ± 0.25 due to earthworm activities. I found no effect on the chemical properties in the heath. I conclude that geoengineering earthworms affect the two vegetation types differently and that earthworms seem to enhance the accumulation of recalcitrant aromatic C forms.

Pores provide important hotspots for chemical and biological processes in soils. Earthworm burrows affect the macropore structure and their actions may create new preferential pathways for water and gas flow within soils. This, in turn, indirectly affect plants, nutrient cycling, hydraulic conductivity, gas exchange, and soil organisms. While the effects of invasive earthworms on soil properties has been well-documented in temperate and boreal ecosystems, we know little how these organism may affect tundra soils. In this study, I assessed how the three-dimensional network of soil-macropores are affected by earthworm species (Aporrectodea sp. and Lumbricus sp). I hypothesized: i) that earthworms increase the frequency of macropores with a likely biological origin (biopores); ii) effects of biopores are dependent on tundra vegetation type (meadow or heath); and iii) the macropore network properties are altered by earthworms.  The hypotheses were tested using a common garden experiment with 48 mesocosms. The pore structure of each mesocosm was analyzed using X-ray CT tomography. I found that biopores increased in the tundra from on 0.05 ±0.01 % (mean ± standard deviation) in the control to about 0.59 ± 0.07 % in the earthworm treatments. However, in contrast to my second hypothesis, I found no vegetation dependent effect. Interestingly, I found that earthworms decreased the complexity and directionality of macropores. My findings strongly indicate that burrowing can severely impact the pore properties of previously uninhabited subarctic soils.

This research is part of an effort to develop non-mammalian surrogate immunoessays with the earth worm Lumbricus terrestris to assess immunotoxic potential of xenobiotics to mammals. The objective was to determine if earthworm immunoessays, namely E- and S- rosette formation and phagocytosis, are sensitive to a known mammalian immunotoxin, the PCB Arclor 1254. Results are presented in terms of PCB exposure and tissue concentrations during uptake/depuration.

No description available.

No description available.