Orientador: Adriane Pinto Wasko / Resumo: Amazona vinacea (Kuhl, 1820) (papagaio-de-peito-roxo) é uma espécie de psitacídeo considerada ameaçada de extinção em consequência, principalmente, da perda de seu habitat e do intenso tráfico ilegal. Sua população original era distribuída desde a região do sul da Bahia ao Rio Grande do Sul no Brasil, incluindo ainda o sudeste do Paraguai e a província de Misiones na Argentina. Atualmente, sua distribuição encontra-se fragmentada e estima-se que o número de indivíduos em vida livre no Brasil esteja entre 1.000 a 2.500 animais. Diante do exposto, com o objetivo de estimar os níveis de diversidade genética de A. vinacea e o grau de parentesco, foram analisados indivíduos reintroduzidos no Parque Nacional das Araucárias no Estado de Santa Catarina e também de animais cativos de diferentes regiões do Brasil, por meio de marcadores moleculares microssatélites e da região controle D-loop do DNA mitocondrial. Foram genotipadas 160 amostras de A. vinacea para 7 locos microssatélites e 103 amostras foram sequenciadas para caracterização do DNA mitocondrial. Os resultados obtidos detectaram uma alta variabilidade genética em A. vinacea, quando comparada com outros psitacídeos. Uma maior variabilidade foi observada nos locos de microssatélites quando comparados com a região controle do DNA mitocondrial. As análises de diferenciação genética apontaram uma baixa estruturação entre os grupos amostrados, o que pode sugerir fluxo gênico ou expansão populacional / colonização recente. Nas com... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Amazona vinacea (Kuhl, 1820) (purple-breasted parrot) is a parrot species that is considered endangered, especially as a result of habitat loss and intense illegal traffic. Its original population was found from the south region of Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, and also included the southeastern Paraguay and the province of Misiones in Argentina. Its current distribution is fragmented and it is estimated that the number of free-living individuals in Brazil is around 1,000 to 2,500 animals. Due to this scenario, in order to estimate the levels of genetic diversity of A. vinacea and the kinship degree, animals that were reintroduced at the National Park of Araucárias at Santa Catarina State and also captive individuals from different regions of Brazil were analyzed throughout microsatellite molecular markers and the D-loop control region of the mitochondrial DNA. A total of 160 samples of A. vinacea were genotyped for 7 microsatellite locos and 103 samples were sequenced in order to characterize the mitochondrial DNA. The results indicated a high genetic variability in A. vinacea, when compared to other Psittacidae species. A higher variability was observed in microsatellite locos when compared to the mitochondrial DNA control region. Genetic differentiation analyzes indicated low structuring among the sampled groups, which could suggest gene flow or population expansion / recent colonization. In pairwise comparisons between the individuals, kinship analyzes indicated t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:19:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Laryssa Abilio Oliveira.pdf: 1539443 bytes, checksum: 78cd65af7b01a7259e0454287bc2ec53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-17 / The need of storing water during the drought period, mainly in the semiarid region, has encouraged the development of simple alternatives within low cost of storing water of good quality for the human supplies. The system of storing the rainwater is an advanced technology that requires proper skills. Not following sanitaria instructions compromise the water quality that implicates in some waterborne diseases responsible for the high levels of morbidity and mortality. The Environmental education is an important tool of transforming the environmental perception that should be done in a way that allows a continuous and novelty management. The present research had as a principal goal to apply different strategies in Environmental Education, gathering teachers, students and members of rural communities, Environmental Monitoring Agents, Community Health Agents from the town of São João do Carriri, PB in order to promote the sustainable management of the systems of storing rainwater in tanks. It was a participant research that took place from May 2007 to February 2009. Among the results were outlined and implemented strategies, such as identification of community leaders, youth training, adolescents and adults, identification of environmental perception and design of systems for capturing rainwater, achieving both social and environmental diagnosis, inclusion of the theme water school from the continuing education of teachers; participatory planning meetings, running courses, workshops and seminars, development projects from the theme system to capture rainwater, involvement of municipal public administration and execution of the process of sensitization a continuous, participatory and fun. After the implementation of the strategies is the need of continuity of work for Environmental Education, as the number of meetings was not enough for the expected changes. The actors involved have to hold knowledge about the systems capture and store rain water, especially in relation to health bars, but no, the application of knowledge built into everyday actions. / A necessidade de armazenar água durante o período de estiagem, principalmente na região semi-árida, incentivou o desenvolvimento de alternativas simples e de baixo custo que favorecessem a coleta de água de boa qualidade, adequada para o consumo humano. Sistemas de captação e armazenamento de água de chuva representam importante tecnologia, que requer manejo adequado. A não aplicação das barreiras sanitárias compromete a qualidade da água acarretando doenças de veiculação hídrica responsáveis por altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. A Educação Ambiental aliada a percepção ambiental comporta-se como ferramenta transformadora, que aplicada de forma contínua e lúdica pode garantir o empoderamento das técnicas de captação e armazenamento da água de chuva em cisternas. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal a aplicação de diferentes estratégias em Educação Ambiental junto a professores, alunos e membros de comunidades rurais, Agentes de Vigilância Ambiental e Agentes Comunitários de Saúde do Município de São João do Cariri-PB, visando a sensibilização para o manejo sustentável dos sistemas de captação de água de chuva armazenadas em cisternas. A pesquisa foi do tipo participante, realizada no período de maio de 2007 a fevereiro de 2009, em comunidades de São João do Cariri-PB. Dentre os resultados foram delineadas e aplicadas estratégias, tais como: identificação dos lideres comunitários; formação de jovens, adolescentes e adultos; identificação da percepção ambiental e da concepção dos sistemas de captação de água de chuva; realização de diagnóstico sócioambiental; inserção do tema água na escola a partir da formação continuada dos professores; planejamento participativo das reuniões; execução de cursos, oficinas e seminários; elaboração de projetos a partir do tema sistema de captação de água de chuva; envolvimento da administração pública municipal e realização do processo de sensibilização de forma contínua, participativa e lúdica. Após a aplicação das estratégias foi verificada a necessidade da continuidade do trabalho de Educação Ambiental, pois o número de encontros não foi suficiente para obter as mudanças esperadas. Os atores envolvidos passaram a deter conhecimento sobre os sistemas de captação e armazenamento de água de chuva, especialmente em relação as barreias sanitárias, falta porém, a aplicação do conhecimento construído nas ações cotidianas.

[pt] Inserida no contexto dos estudos sociológicos sobre a relação família e escola, esta pesquisa focaliza o processo de escolha do estabelecimento de ensino vivenciado por uma fração de famílias consideradas pertencentes às elites econômicas e culturais. Para identificar os aspectos sócio- culturais embutidos no processo de escolha de escola, foram investigadas 81 famílias cujos filhos foram matriculados em uma tradicional escola confessional do sistema privado de ensino no ano de 2003. Através do questionário auto-administrado aplicado aos pais, foi possível identificar o perfil das famílias quanto ao patrimônio econômico, cultural, social e escolar por elas adquirido. Este principal instrumento de investigação, acrescido de outras fontes de dados, permitiu a identificação dos critérios e estratégias de escolha de escola reveladas por essas famílias, assim como a caracterização do processo de escolha de estabelecimento de ensino por elas vivenciado. Foram consideradas ainda, as expectativas das famílias frente à escolarização dos seus filhos. Para a análise dos dados, as informações obtidas foram cotejadas com parte da literatura da sociologia da educação existente, especialmente, com as tipologias estabelecidas em estudos anteriores sobre o processo de escolha de estabelecimento de ensino, para a classificação dos diferentes grupos familiares, das condutas de escolha de escola e dos estabelecimentos escolares da rede privada de ensino. As considerações finais do estudo apontam, no caso das famílias investigadas, para o sentido da escolarização como estratégia de distinção de classe social, cujas condutas que orientaram a escolha foram influenciadas pelo volume e estrutura dos diferentes tipos de capital das famílias, e possivelmente, pelo ethos escolar.Tais constatações indicam novas práticas familiares na relação estabelecida com as escolas, fomentando a luta concorrencial existente na lógica do mercado educacional, onde os diferentes tipos de escolas estão sendo adequados aos diferentes tipos de famílias. / [en] The present research is part of a wider field, i.e. sociology studies concerning family/school relationship, and it focuses the choice process that a portion of families (part of the Brazilian elite, culturally and economically speaking) experience when sending their children to school. In order to identify the cultural and social aspects present in the choice process the survey included 81 families who enrolled their children in a traditional confessional private school in 2003. Self-filling questionnaires were handed to the parents, and their answers provided the information needed to build a profile of the families, concerning their net worth, and their cultural, educational and social backgrounds. This main methodological tool, as well as other data sources, allowed the identification of the criteria and the strategies used by these families which provided a description of the whole choice process they experience. The families` expectations concerning their children`s level of education were also considered. In order to analyze the data, the information gathered was confronted with part of existing sociology of education literature, especially with typologies that have been established by previous research on the process of choice of schools. It aimed at classifying different family groups, attitudes concerning choice of school and the private education institutes. The final considerations indicate, in the particular case of the families surveyed, that education is part of a strategy of social differentiation. The behavior that oriented their choice was influenced by the structure and bulk of the families budget, and possibly, by the school ethos. These conclusions indicate new practices amongst families in their relationship with the schools, fomenting the competition that is part of the education market, where different types of schools have been striving to fit different types of families.

Transnational population migration is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been shaping human history and continues to shape the world today. War and conflict are among the major drivers of forced migration. The full-scale war waged by Russia on Ukraine on 24 February 2022 caused an unprecedented mass migration of the Ukrainian population with millions of refugees scattered across Europe. This study explores migration decisions, education strategies, and experiences of Ukrainian wartime refugees with school-aged children in Sweden. Taking a qualitative approach and following the sociological tradition of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, the study examines what considerations determined the families’ decisions to leave Ukraine and seek refuge in Sweden; how the families navigate the Swedish school system and perceive the changes in their children’s education trajectories caused by the war and migration; and how various forms of the families’ capital shape the children’s migration and education trajectories in wartime. Data collection involved 20 qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews with parents of school-aged children who left Ukraine after 24 February 2022 and at the time of data collection, were living in Sweden. The findings reveal the following: (1) migration decisions of the families were driven by the perceived immediate threat to life and physical integrity for some, and by the increasing uncertainty caused by the war for others; (2) their routes to Sweden were to a great extent determined by the earlier accumulated social capital in the form of personal contacts, but also by work-related arrangements, and by random volunteers encountered in other European countries; (3) at the time of heading to Sweden, the country was widely perceived by the families as a child-friendly destination; (4) the families’ practices of navigating the Swedish school system appear to depend on the volume and composition of their capital and can be categorised as the Proactive, the Reliant, and the Oblivious; (5) the families’ perceptions of the changes in their children’s education trajectories caused by the war and migration are characterised by ambivalence leading to some of the children’s “double schooling” in Sweden and in Ukraine as the families struggle to establish and/or maintain their social standing in both countries. The study is among the first to explore the migration decisions and experiences of Ukrainian refugees in the context of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, and, to the best of our knowledge, the first to explore the experiences of Ukrainian refugee families of Swedish schools. It adds to the existing body of literature on the forced migration and education of refugee children by shedding light on the lived experiences of transitioning from one education system to the other at a time of war and uncertainty.