An energy modeling software was used to analyze the current building configuration and simulations were performed in an attempt to redesign the current HVAC system of an educational building to improve the energy efficiency of the building, exceed current building code requirements, and meet the building's cooling and heating load. The different HVAC systems simulated were: Dual Air Duct, Variable-Air Volume (VAV), and Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems (DOAS). Each system was modeled in four operation schedules including: current system operation, fan control, lighting control, and lighting and fan control. These operation schedules are to represent how efficient the building would be in different controlled settings. Results were obtained regarding the energy requirements of the different HVAC systems. For the educational building both VAV and DOAS systems offer 48.8% and 57.9%, respectively, in annual savings in energy use, achieved by adding controls to the lights and fans of both systems reducing energy consumed by ventilation fans. The time of a simple payback period for a new VAV and DOAS system is 10.2 and 9.35 years, respectively, and may remove any considerations to implement a new HVAC system. Based on these findings, educational buildings using Dual Duct should consider using DOAS systems.

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-04-26T11:17:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Renata Borges Silva - 2018.pdf: 11310768 bytes, checksum: fb948e6c45370b09ebe388437088a5d5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-04-26T11:27:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Renata Borges Silva - 2018.pdf: 11310768 bytes, checksum: fb948e6c45370b09ebe388437088a5d5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T11:27:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Renata Borges Silva - 2018.pdf: 11310768 bytes, checksum: fb948e6c45370b09ebe388437088a5d5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-27 / In Brazil, the quality of teaching, in all its stages, has been questioned triggering many discussions, mainly in relation to the students' performance. These discussions have demonstrated the need to treat education and, consequently, educational building as a priority, since education is largely responsible for preparing individuals for life in society. The educational process, however, can not be separately evaluated. The educational building is the place where teaching and learning processes are developed and the relationship between pedagogy and architecture, especially with regard to early childhood education, should be explored. Interlocution between architecture and education can lead to a jump in quality and in children's school performance. For this reason, this theme becomes relevant. This dissertation aims to identify and prioritize which design elements can influence the relation between teaching and learning, acting as an integral part of the pedagogical methodology, highlighting how the building can contribute to the dynamics of children's knowledge, as well as to analyze which elements are capable of forming lasting affective ties, altering the meaning of the school, recoding its image to the little apprentice. It is also necessary to highlight different design elements, from schools of different pedagogical methodologies, evaluating the architectural choices relating them to the type of approach practiced; Therefore, as a working methodology, two schools are used as a case study, both aimed at early childhood education; the House of Letters (Casa das Letras) guided in the socio-interactionist pedagogy and the Creative Space (Espaço Criativo) directed by the humanistic pedagogy and constructivist partner, thus the teaching-learning relationship and building is observed. / A qualidade do ensino, em todas as suas fases, no Brasil, tem sido questionada desencadeando muitas discussões, especialmente em relação ao desempenho dos alunos. Essas discussões têm demonstrado a necessidade de tratar a educação e, consequentemente, o edifício educacional como prioridade, visto que a instrução é a grande responsável pela preparação dos indivíduos para a vida em sociedade. O processo educativo, contudo, não pode ser avaliado de modo isolado. O edifício educacional é o local onde são desenvolvidos os processos de ensino e aprendizagem e a relação entre a pedagogia e a arquitetura, sobretudo no que diz respeito à educação infantil, deve ser explorada. A interlocução entre a arquitetura e a educação pode provocar um salto na qualidade e no desempenho escolar infantil. Por essa razão este tema se torna relevante. Esta dissertação tem como objetivos principais identificar e hierarquizar quais elementos projetuais podem influenciar na relação ensinoaprendizagem, atuando como parte integrante da metodologia pedagógica, destacando de que maneira o edifício pode contribuir para a dinâmica do conhecimento infantil, bem como analisar quais elementos são capazes de formar laços afetivos duradouros, alterando o significado da escola, recodificando sua imagem para o pequeno aprendiz. Deve-se, também, destacar elementos projetuais distintos, de escolas de metodologias pedagógicas diferentes, avaliando as escolhas arquitetônicas, relacionando-as ao tipo de abordagem praticada. Para tanto, como metodologia de trabalho, utiliza-se o estudo de caso de duas escolas, ambas destinadas à educação infantil: a Casa das Letras, norteada pela pedagogia sociointeracionista, e o Espaço Criativo, direcionado pela pedagogia humanista e socioconstrutivista, assim observa-se a relação ensinoaprendizagem e edifício.

How do we introduce new buildings in complex urban environments? Urbanist Jan Gehl (2010:97) argues that rapid developments in building technologies, social and economical sciences have resulted in an unprecedented amount of urban areas transforming into stand alone buildings. This phenomenon describes the shifting focus of architectural ideals from masterfully detailed buildings nested in an urban context to monstrous rapidly-erected ‘visionary’ districts. The voids of the city, generally disregarded and under appreciated in the greater context of Pretoria CBD, are taken as the containers of contextually relevant informants which can be extracted and utilised in a contextual response to site. Due to the vague nature of these empty spaces, they provide opportunities for new processes to unfold. By treating unprogrammed and ancillary space with the same importance as programmed space, the architecture does not stand alone, but exists in a symbiotic relationship with its surroundings, achieving a truly contextual response. The objective of the thesis is to identify the emergent processes which are occurring on the site on the corner of Paul Kruger and Struben Street - a void rooted in the gaps of existing institutions. Once identified, these processes are then extrapolated and transformed to be utilised as tools for catalytic changes, resisting a strategic approach to regeneration. The result of the contextual understanding is realised in the design of an urban place of education, borrowing from existing processes and providing an enriching layer to the urban environment. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014. / Architecture / Unrestricted

Through the exploration of designing a small residential building along side a three-story mixed-use center for individuals and families newly diagnosed with diabetes, I studied a variety of ways to architecturally embrace the essence of balance. Throughout this thesis the quests of understanding "balance" accelerated and complicated most of the decision making. Architecturally, this thesis explored the balance between the public city and private residence, between historical architecture and the proposal of new construction, and the balance between solid voids and the path of circulation. The pursuit of balance was even examines at the detail level; how do you find a balance at the integration of two of more materials. Objects and visual situations are most stimulating when they achieve an appropriate balance. / Master of Architecture

In today’s increasingly energy conscious society, the methods of providing thermal comfort to humans are constantly under scrutiny. Depending on the climate, and the comfort requirements of the occupants, buildings can be designed to heat and cool occupants with passive methods, as well as mechanical methods. In the subtropics, where buildings often need to be heated in the winter and cooled in the summer, a synthesis of these two methods would be ideal. However, there is a disconnect between the integration of passive cooling and mechanical air conditioning, in subtropical architecture. A study of user attitudes, based out of Australia, found that, “Central control of temperatures has been used to cut demand by preventing users from altering thermostats and other parts of the building for microclimate control. In particular, windows are sealed to prevent tampering.”1 Reliance on air conditioning has the everyday person convinced that if we save energy in the right places, we can use air conditioning as much as we like. The same study goes on to state, “Air-conditioning has been assumed to replace the need for climate design features in buildings creating poor thermal design and high energy use.”2 This can be most clearly seen in our public buildings. Fully conditioned buildings pump cool air into sealed envelopes, adjusting the thermostat to regulate thermal comfort year-round, often in a climate in which mechanical air conditioning is needed only four months of the year, and during the warmest hours of the day. Inversely, ventilated buildings provide passive cooling in a climate in which the temperature and humidity are often too high for thermal comfort during the same four months of the year. In his book Natural Ventilation in Buildings, Francis Allard points out that the global energy efficiency movement, begun in the early 1990s, has now emerged as a concept that incorporates active air conditioning and sitespecific climate design of buildings into one holistic approach.3 However, these buildings exist in more dry and temperate climates, and do not fully apply to the subtropics as cooling models. A model is needed for subtropical architecture allowing a building to reach both ends of the spectrum; from natural ventilation, through mechanical ventilation, to mechanical air conditioning. The goal of this thesis is to design a hybrid model for subtropical architecture which maximizes the use of natural and mechanical ventilation, and minimizes the use of mechanical air conditioning. The vehicle for this explanation is the design of an educational facility. Research of thermal comfort needs for occupants in the subtropics was accompanied with observation studies. This research was compared with case study, site and program analysis. The analysis was supplemented by a handbook of passive and mechanical cooling which was compiled to aid in establishing cooling strategies for the design process. The implementation of the research and analysis was brought to a conclusion that successfully achieved the goals of this thesis. By using passive methods to lower the temperature of the air surrounding the classroom buildings, the incoming air used to cool the occupants reached temperatures low enough to be considered comfortable inside the classrooms.

In my proposal, I decided to retain and continue with the winning project designed by the architectural office Maxwan, maintaining the planned cultural buildings and location of the new school complex on the bank of the river.

Este proyecto parte del impacto positivo que tuvo la regeneración urbana de Medellín, Colombia en los años 2004 al 2007, impulsado por Sergio Fajardo. El plan consistió en combatir pacíficamente problemas sociales como violencia y tráfico de drogas. De esta manera, se impulsó la cultura y aprendizaje mediante una red de centros culturales y parques biblioteca; así como mejorando la movilidad urbana. Debido a que el contexto de Lima se asemeja tanto social como geográficamente a Medellín, la hipótesis consiste en diseñar un Parque Biblioteca en el distrito de Independencia, Lima, Perú con el fin de brindar a una determinada comunidad espacios que fomentarían el aprendizaje continuo, las actividades culturales, el ocio, el entretenimiento, la recreación y el deporte. De este modo, esta biblioteca estaría actualizada a las tecnologías contemporáneas y adaptadas al contexto local al incluir espacios interiores de interés de la comunidad; así como una extensa área verde y espacios exteriores en respuesta al deporte que practican en la zona. Adicionalmente, esta biblioteca cuenta con un centro cultural que contiene espacios para eventos públicos o privados, talleres polivalentes, áreas de estudio y espacios de reunión para la comunidad. Se aplica el énfasis basado en la teoría de Learning Streets del Arq. Prakash Nair, la cual consiste en utilizar circulaciones y espacios residuales para fomentar el aprendizaje continuo. Por último, en el parque se incluyen actividades que carecía el terreno original, como juegos infantiles, plataformas de baile, lugares de reunión, área deportiva y sendas peatonales. / This project starts from the positive impact that the urban regeneration of Medellín, Colombia had in the years 2004 to 2007, promoted by Sergio Fajardo. The plan was to peacefully combat social problems like violence and drug trafficking. In this way, culture and learning were promoted through a network of cultural centers and library parks; as well as improving urban mobility. Because the Lima context is both socially and geographically similar to Medellín, the hypothesis is to design a Library Park in the district of Independencia, Lima, Peru in order to provide a given community with spaces that would promote continuous learning, cultural activities, leisure, entertainment, recreation and sports. In this way, this library would be updated to contemporary technologies and adapted to the local context by including interior spaces of interest to the community; as well as an extensive green area and outdoor spaces in response to the sport they practice in the area. Additionally, this library has a cultural center that contains spaces for public or private events, multipurpose workshops, study areas and meeting spaces for the community. The emphasis based on the Learning Streets theory of Arch. Prakash Nair is applied, which consists of using corridors, passages and residual spaces to promote continuous learning. Finally, the park includes activities that the original terrain conditions, such as children's games, dance platforms, meeting places, sports area and pedestrian paths. / Tesis