Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:11:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:35:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:36:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-05T11:36:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se, com o presente estudo, estabelecer rela??es entre comportamento alimentar, temperamento e consumo alimentar residual em bovinos Nelore, na fase p?s-desmame, submetidos ao confinamento. Foram utilizados 85 machos Nelore desmamados, em confinamento coletivo, durante 119 dias, sendo os 28 primeiros para adapta??o ? dieta e ao ambiente. O CAR foi calculado pela diferen?a entre o consumo observado e o predito, baseado no ganho de peso m?dio di?rio e no peso vivo metab?lico, sendo classificados como alto CAR (>m?dia + 0,5 DP), m?dio CAR (? 0,5 DP da m?dia) e baixo CAR (<m?dia ? 0,5 DP). A compara??o de m?dias foi realizada pelo teste t-Student. Foram estimadas correla??es de Pearson entre caracter?sticas de comportamento alimentar, temperamento, CAR e classes de GMD. As caracter?sticas de comportamento alimentar tempo de perman?ncia no cocho (TPC), tempo de cabe?a baixa (CB) e frequ?ncia de visitas (FV) foram mensuradas a partir de um sistema de monitoramento eletr?nico, que registra padr?es individuais de alimenta??o, GrowSafe System?. O temperamento foi avaliado atrav?s da velocidade de sa?da (VS), escore composto (EC) e reatividade. N?o houve rela??o do CAR com peso inicial (PI), peso final (PF) e GMD. Em m?dia, animais classificados como baixo CAR apresentaram CMS 24,8% inferior aos animais alto CAR. Animais alto CAR permaneceram mais tempo no cocho, passaram mais tempo de cabe?a baixa e apresentaram maior taxa de alimenta??o (TA) comparados aos animais baixo CAR. No entanto, nenhuma diferen?a foi encontrada para FV. O PF, PI, CMS influenciaram o GMD dos animais. Foram estimadas correla??es significativas entre TPC, CB, TA e CAR (P<0,05), no entanto, n?o foi observada correla??o entre FV e CAR. O TPC e a FV n?o variou para animais de diferentes classes de GMD. Animais classificados como alto GMD apresentaram maior CB e TA, frente aos animais baixo GMD. Correla??es significativas foram encontradas para CB, TA e GMD, mas n?o para TPC, FV e GMD. A ?nica caracter?stica de temperamento que apresentou varia??o quanto ?s classes de CAR foi VS., e, com rela??o ?s classes de GMD, nenhuma caracter?stica temperamento apresentou diferen?a significativa. Foi estimada correla??o significativa entre VS e CAR. As demais medidas de temperamento n?o se relacionaram com CAR ou GMD. CAR ? independente GMD e pesos inicial e final. Caracter?sticas de comportamento alimentar relacionam-se com CAR. O GMD est? relacionado com a agilidade em ingerir alimento. As rela??es entre temperamento e CAR e classes de GMD necessitam de mais estudos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to establish relationships between feeding behavior, temperament and residual feed intake in Nellore the post-weaning under feedlot. It were used 85 male Nellore weaned feedlot during 119 days, being the first 28 days for adaptation of diet and environment. The RFI was calculated by the difference between the observed and predicted consumption, based on average daily weight gain and metabolic live weight being classified as high RFI (average > 0,5 + SD), medium RFI (? 0,5 SD of the mean) and low RFI (average < 0,5 SD). The comparison of means was performed by test t-Student. Were estimated Pearson correlations between feeding behavior traits, temperament, RFI and classes of GMD. The characteristics of feeding behavior time at feeder (TF), time to head down (HD) and frequency of visits (FV) were measured from an electronic monitoring system that records individual patterns of feeding, the GrowSafe System?. Temperament was assessed by ouput speed (OS), composite score (CS) and reactivity. There was no relationship among the RFI with initial weight (IW), final weight (FW) and ADG. On average, animals classified as low RFI showed CMS 24.8% less than the high RFI animals. High RFI animals spent more time in the trough, spent more time of head down and had higher feed rate (FR) compared to low RFI animals. However, no difference was found for FV. The IW, FW, DMI influenced the ADG of the animals. Significant correlations were estimated between TF, HD, FR and RFI (P <0.05), however, there was no correlation between FV and RFI. The TF and FV did not vary for different classes of GMD. Animals classified as high ADG showed higher HD and FR, compared to animals low GMD. Significant correlations were found for HD, FR and ADG, but not for TF, FV and ADG. The only feature of temperament showed variation in the classes of RFI was FS. And with respect to classes of ADG, no characteristic temperament showed a significant difference. It was estimated correlation between FS and RFI. The other measures of temperament were unrelated RFI or GMD. RFI is independent of ADG and initial and final weight. Characteristics of feeding behavior relate to RFI. The ADG is related with the agility to ingest food. Relations between temperament and RFI classes of ADG require further studies.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:27:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:28:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-12T17:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar os efeitos da utiliza??o de farelo de crambe em substitui??o ao farelo de soja sobre o comportamento ingestivo de bovinos leiteiros. Foram utilizados quatro machos castrados Holand?s x Zebu, fistulados no r?men, com peso vivo m?dio de 664 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento quadrado latino 4 x 4. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro dietas isoproteicas e isoenerg?ticas, formuladas com rela??o volumoso:concentrado 60:40 com base na mat?ria seca (MS). O volumoso foi composto de silagem de milho (51% MS) e? feno de Tifton (49% MS), e o concentrado formulado com n?veis crescentes de substitui??o do farelo de soja pelo farelo de crambe em 0%, 2,8%, 6,4% e 11,0% na MS da dieta. O comportamento ingestivo foi avaliado atrav?s do m?todo direto de avalia??o visual, em intervalos de 10 minutos, durante per?odos de 24 horas. Registrou-se a frequ?ncia de alimenta??o, rumina??o e ?cio e a posi??o do animal (em p? ou em dec?bito). As vari?veis em p? e em dec?bito n?o diferiram entre os tratamentos, assim como os tempos gastos em alimenta??o, rumina??o e ?cio. O consumo de mat?ria seca e de FDN expressos em g/dia e gFDN/dia respectivamente, a efici?ncia de rumina??o expressa em gMS/min, a efici?ncia de rumina??o expressa em gFDN/dia e o tempo de mastiga??o total n?o diferiram significativamente. No entanto, a efici?ncia de alimenta??o (gMS/min) variou de forma linear decrescente com a inclus?o do farelo de crambe. Os per?odos do dia influenciaram todas as atividades. O maior tempo de alimenta??o foi observado nos per?odos ap?s o fornecimento da dieta e a maior atividade de rumina??o foi verificada no per?odo noturno. A substitui??o de farelo de soja por farelo de crambe n?o afetou o comportamento ingestivo, exceto para o par?metro efici?ncia de alimenta??o. Neste sentido, considerando o comportamento ingestivo, recomenda-se a substitui??o do farelo de soja por farelo de crambe para alimenta??o de bovinos leiteiros. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effects of the use of crambe meal replacing soy bean meal on the ingestive behavior of dairy cattle. Four male Holstein x Zebu rumen, with average live weight of 664kg distributed in latin square design 4 x 4. The treatments consisted of four diets isonitrogenous and isocaloric, formulated roughage used concentrate 60:40 with based on dry matter (DM). The forage was corn silage (51% DM) and Tifton grass hay (49% DM), and the concentrate was formulated with increasing levels of substitution of soy bean meal by crambe meal at 0%, 2.8%, 6.4% and 11.0% of the diet DM. The feeding behavior was evaluated using the direct method of visual assessment in intervals10 minute during a 24 hour period. Recorded the frequency of feeding, idling time and the animal's position (standing or supine). The variables standing and supine id not differ between treatments as well as spending one a ting, ruminating and idling times. The consumption of dry matter and NDF expressed in g/day and gNDF/day respectively, the efficiency of rumination expressed in gDM/min, the efficiency of rumination expressed in gNDF/day and the total chewing time did not differ significantly. However, the efficiency of power (gDM/min) ranged from decreasing linearly with the inclusion of crambe meal. Periods of the day influenced all the activities. The longer feeding time was observed in the periods after the diet intake and greater rumination activity was observed at night. The replacement of soy bean meal by meal crambe, did not affect feeding behavior, except for the feeding efficiency parameter. In this sense, considering the feeding behavior, it is recommended there placement of soy bean meal by crambe meal to feed dairy cattle.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:40:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) lucio_flavio_macedo_mota.pdf: 1719975 bytes, checksum: 3893bff470fc397394ef7bd5048cfde3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:40:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) lucio_flavio_macedo_mota.pdf: 1719975 bytes, checksum: 3893bff470fc397394ef7bd5048cfde3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-12T17:40:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) lucio_flavio_macedo_mota.pdf: 1719975 bytes, checksum: 3893bff470fc397394ef7bd5048cfde3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de S?o Paulo (FAPESP) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se avaliar a influ?ncia da express?o da leptina e relacionar as concentra??es de leptina plasm?tica com as caracter?sticas de desenvolvimento corporal, mudan?as no proteoma do m?sculo Longissumus dorsi e o impacto o modelo na estima??o de equa??es de predi??o de consumo de alimentos em bovinos Nelore e no ranking de desempenho alimentar, utilizando diferentes modelos para a estimativa do consumo alimentar residual (CAR). Foi utilizado um total de 97 animais classificados para alto e baixo CAR, medidos para caracter?sticas de ingest?o, crescimento, efici?ncia alimentar, concentra??o plasm?tica de leptina e caracter?sticas de carca?a. Foram abatidos 20 animais classificados para alto e baixo CAR e coletadas amostras do m?sculo Longissimus dorsi, para an?lise da express?o do gene leptina e prote?mica. Os modelos utilizados para estima??o do CAR foram o modelo atualmente em uso e modelos que inclu?ram medidas de ultrassom de m?sculo e espessura de gordura. As amostras de prote?nas extra?das do m?sculo Longissimus dorsi foram separadas em duas etapas: a primeira etapa de separa??o das prote?nas foi realizada por migra??o eletrofor?tica em tira de IPG (Immobilized pH Gel) at? o ponto isoel?trico; a segunda, realizada pela migra??o eletrofor?tica das prote?nas focalizadas na tira de IPG (primeira dimens?o) e em seguida, em gel de acrilamida de acordo com o peso molecular (segunda dimens?o). Ap?s as an?lises dos g?is 2-D, os spots diferencialmente expressos nos grupos de CAR foram excisados para an?lise por dessor??o a laser, assistida por matriz MALDI TOF/TOF. As an?lises estat?sticas foram realizadas utilizando o procedimento MIXED do SAS, as estimativas de correla??o fenot?pica, utilizando o procedimento CORR e a compara??o dos valores de express?o entre as classes de CAR,utilizando o procedimentoCONTRAST do procedimento MIXED. Animais classificados para baixo CAR apresentaram maior express?o do gene leptina (2,80) e maior concentra??o plasm?tica (11,48) deste gene em bovinos Nelore. Os n?veis mais elevados de leptina podem estar envolvidos na redu??o da ingest?o de alimentos em animais classificados para baixo CAR, indicando ser um regulador na diferen?a de consumo de alimentos pelos animais. Embora os modelos de CAR tenham apresentado diferen?as na estima??o, as correla??es entre cada um dos modelos indicaram que estes n?o foram diferentes uns dos outros na classifica??o dos animais para efici?ncia alimentar. A maior express?o de fibras de contra??o lenta em bovinos mais eficientes ocorre devido a uma redu??o preferencial das fibras musculares de contra??o r?pida, como uma adapta??o para melhor lidar com a redu??o da exig?ncia nutricional, por apresentar diferen?as no perfil metab?lico da contra??o muscular. No entanto, a varia??o na efici?ncia do modelo que inclui os par?metros de composi??o corporal ? muito importante, sugerindo que a composi??o corporal pode ser fundamental para explicar a varia??o no consumo de alimentos e que ele precisa ser inclu?do no modelo de c?lculo do CAR. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The objectives were to evaluate the effects of leptin expression and to correlate plasma leptin concentrations with corporal development traits, changes in proteomics of the Longissumus dorsi muscle, and the impact of the model approach in estimating predicting equations for feed intake in Nellore animals and in feed performance ranking using different models for the estimation of residual feed intake (RFI). A total of 97 animals, classified for high and low RFI, measured for intake, growth, feed efficiency, plasma leptin concentration, and carcass traits, was utilized. Twenty animals classified for high and low RFI were slaughtered, and Longissimus dorsi muscle was sampled to analyze leptin gene expression and proteomics. Models utilized for RFI estimation were the current model used, and models which included muscle ultrasound and fat thickness measurement. Protein samples of Longissimus dorsi muscle were separated into two stages: the first stage of proteins separation was performed by electrophoretic migration in IPG (Immobilized pH Gel) strip until the isoelectric point; the second, performed by electrophoretic migration of the proteins in the focused IPG strip (first dimension) and then, in acrylamide gel according to the molecular weight (second dimension). After analysis of 2-D gels, spots differentially expressed in RFI groups were excised for analysis by laser desorption assisted by MALDI TOF / TOF matrix. Statistical analyzes were achieved by using the MIXED procedure of SAS, estimation of phenotypic correlation, using the CORR procedure, and comparison of expression values ??among RFI classes, using the CONTRAST procedure of the MIXED procedure. Low RFI animals had greater expression of leptin gene (2.80) and greater plasma concentration (11.48) in Nellore animals. Greater levels of leptin can be involved in the reduction of feed intake in low RFI animals, indicating to be a regulator on feed intake. Although RFI models were different in estimating values, correlations among each model indicate that they were not different in classifying animals for feed efficiency. The greater expression of slow-twitch fibers in more efficient cattle is due to preferential reduction of the fast twitch muscle fibers, as an adaptation to better deal with reduced nutritional requirement because it shows differences in the metabolic profile of muscle contraction. Nonetheless, variation in efficiency of the model that includes body composition parameters is important, suggesting that body composition can be critical to explain variations in feed intake and it must be included in the RFI model.