Os eletrocatalisadores PtSn / C-ATO com Pt e Sn com diferentes relações atômicas (90:10, 70:30 e 50:50) foram preparados em uma única etapa pelo processo de redução por álcool usando H2PtCl6.6H2O e SnCl2.2H2O como fontes de metais e etileno glicol como solvente e agente redutor e de uma mistura física de carbono Vulcan XC72 (85% em peso) e ATO(Sb2O5.SnO2) (15% em peso) como o suporte (C-ATO). Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por difração de raios X (DRX) e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). A atividade catalítica para oxidação eletroquímica do etanol em meio ácido foi investigada por voltametria cíclica e cronoamperometria em células unitárias de combustível de etanol direto (DEFC). As análises de DRX revelou que Pt (FCC), SnO2, carbono e fases ATO coexistem nos materiais obtidos. Os estudos eletroquímicos mostraram que os eletrocatalisadores PtSn / C-ATO são mais ativos para oxidação eletroquímica do etanol em comparação ao eletrocatalisador de PtSn / C . As experiências a 100 ° C em células a combustível unitárias (DEFC) mostrou que a densidade de potencia da célula usando PtSn / C-ATO (90:10) foi de aproximadamente 100% mais elevado do que o obtido utilizando PtSn / C (50:50). Os experimentos de infra vermelho FTIR in-situ indicaram que a adição de ATO no suporte para eletrocatalisadores PtSn / C favorece a formação do ácido acético como produto, enquanto para PtSn / C o acetaldeído foi o principal produto formado. / PtSn/C-ATO electrocatalysts with different Pt:Sn atomic ratios (90:10, 70:30 and 50:50) were prepared in a single step by an alcohol-reduction process using H2PtCl6.6H2O and SnCl2.2H2O as metal sources and ethylene glycol as solvent and reducing agent and a physical mixture of carbon Vulcan XC72 (85 wt%) and Sb2O5.SnO2 (15 wt%) as support (C-ATO). The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalytic activity for ethanol electro-oxidation in acid medium was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chroamperometry and in single direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC). XRD analyses showed that Pt(FCC), SnO2, carbon and ATO phases coexist in the obtained materials. The electrochemical studies showed that PtSn/C-ATO electrocatalysts were more active for ethanol electro-oxidation than PtSn/C electrocatalyst. The experiments at 100oC on a single DEFC showed that the power density of the cell using PtSn/C-ATO (90:10) was nearly 100% higher than the one obtained using PtSn/C (50:50). FTIR measurements showed that the addition of ATO to PtSn/C favors the formation of acetic acid as a product while for PtSn/C acetaldehyde was the principal product formed.

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a sum parameter that is frequently used in water analytics. Highly resolved and accurate DOC data are necessary, for instance, for water quality monitoring and for the evaluation of the efficiency of treatment processes. The conventional DOC determination methods consist of on-site sampling and subsequent analysis in a stationary device in a laboratory. However, especially in regions where no or only poorly equipped laboratories are available, this method bears the risk of getting erroneous results. For this reason, the objective of the present study was to set up a reliable and portable DOC analyzer for on-site analysis. The presented DOC system is equipped with an electrolysis-based decomposition cell with boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDD) that oxidizes the organic compounds to carbon dioxide. Within this study, the influence of different electrode materials and the composition of the applied electrolytes on the DOC decomposition in an undivided electrolytic cell were systematically investigated. Furthermore, some technical aspects of the portable prototype are discussed. After a detailed validation, the prototype was used in an ongoing monitoring program in Northern India. The limit of detection is 0.1 mg L−1 C with a relative standard deviation of 2.3% in a linear range up to 1000 mg L C−1. The key features of the portable DOC analyzer are: No need for ultra-pure gases, catalysts or burning technology, an analyzing time per sample below 5 min, and a reliable on-site DOC determination.