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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Quantum Circuit Based on Electron Spins in Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Hsieh, Chang-Yu 07 March 2012 (has links)
In this thesis, I present a microscopic theory of quantum circuits based on interacting electron spins in quantum dot molecules. We use the Linear Combination of Harmonic Orbitals-Configuration Interaction (LCHO-CI) formalism for microscopic calculations. We then derive effective Hubbard, t-J, and Heisenberg models. These models are used to predict the electronic, spin and transport properties of a triple quantum dot molecule (TQDM) as a function of topology, gate configuration, bias and magnetic field. With these theoretical tools and fully characterized TQDMs, we propose the following applications: 1. Voltage tunable qubit encoded in the chiral states of a half-filled TQDM. We show how to perform single qubit operations by pulsing voltages. We propose the "chirality-to-charge" conversion as the measurement scheme and demonstrate the robustness of the chirality-encoded qubit due to charge fluctuations. We derive an effective qubit-qubit Hamiltonian and demonstrate the two-qubit gate. This provides all the necessary operations for a quantum computer built with chirality-encoded qubits. 2. Berry's phase. We explore the prospect of geometric quantum computing with chirality-encoded qubit. We construct a Herzberg circuit in the voltage space and show the accumulation of Berry's phase. 3. Macroscopic quantum states on a semiconductor chip. We consider a linear chain of TQDMs, each with 4 electrons, obtained by nanostructuring a metallic gate in a field effect transistor. We theoretically show that the low energy spectrum of the chain maps onto that of a spin-1 chain. Hence, we show that macroscopic quantum states, protected by a Haldane gap from the continuum, emerge. In order to minimize decoherence of electron spin qubits, we consider using electron spins in the p orbitals of the valence band (valence holes) as qubits. We develop a theory of valence hole qubit within the 4-band k.p model. We show that static magnetic fields can be used to perform single qubit operations. We also show that the qubit-qubit interactions are sensitive to the geometry of a quantum dot network. For vertical qubit arrays, we predict that there exists an optimal qubit separation suitable for the voltage control of qubit-qubit interactions.
22

Implantação do sistema eletrônico de avaliação de desempenho dos servidores da área médica no Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto: desafios e potencialidades / Implementation of the electronic evaluation system of the servers of the medical area in the Hospital das Clínicas of Ribeirão Preto: challenges and potentialities

Andrea Carla Schiavoni Ferezin 19 December 2017 (has links)
Investir na capacidade de identificação dos diferentes níveis de desempenho dos servidores de uma Instituição é uma das mais importantes práticas da gestão de recursos humanos na atualidade. O empregador busca caracterizar os diferentes níveis de desempenho e utiliza esta informação da maneira construtiva visando à melhoria de processos e resultados para a Instituição. A avaliação regular de desempenho é uma das formas de identificar e valorizar as boas práticas que se alinham com a missão e valores da Instituição, e prover devolutiva para corrigir rumos e fazer ajustes necessários. Existem várias formas de se fazer avaliação de desempenho dos membros de uma equipe de trabalho, entretanto a tendência tem sido a utilização de sistemas informatizados que aumentam a capacidade de gerenciamento dos dados coletados, controle e feedback das avaliações aos servidores. Recentemente implantou-se o Sistema Eletrônico de Avaliação de Desempenho (SEAD) para os servidores da área médica, no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), com o intuito de atender a Lei Complementar 1193/2013, que exige a avaliação de desempenho dos médicos do Estado de São Paulo para fins de pagamento do Prêmio de Produtividade Médica (PPM). O objetivo é descrever e caracterizar o SEAD, além de avaliar os resultados dos primeiros anos de sua implementação. Caracteriza-se como um estudo descritivo na parte inicial, onde foram apresentadas todas as etapas de planejamento e implementação do SEAD para avaliação dos médicos do HCFMRP-USP, inclusive com as principais diferenças entre o novo sistema e o sistema manual que havia previamente. Na etapa seguinte, de implementação, caracteriza-se por um estudo do tipo \"pesquisaação\" com duração de três anos em que diversos ajustes foram feitos a partir do que foi aprendido nas avaliações iniciais do próprio sistema. Na etapa final foram feitas entrevistas com os docentes avaliadores dos serviços com o maior número de médicos do HCRP. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do HCRP. Dentre os resultados do estudo apresentaremos uma descrição detalhada do SEAD aplicado na área médica e as diferenças observadas em relação aos sistemas de avaliação anteriormente utilizados pelo HCRP. Diversas informações e indicadores foram obtidos em tempo real e disponibilidados para gestores médicos e a adminstração de recursos humanos do HCFMRP, tais como: o número de servidores avaliados, os avaliadores que realizaram as avaliações ou os avaliadores que não realizaram as avaliações, a quantidade de servidores avaliados por cada avaliador, quem foi avaliado, a nota obtida e o percentual de recebimento do PPM que cada médico do hospital recebeu. Os resultados dos primeiros anos de utilização e as melhorias que foram feitas no SEAD também estão descritas nos resultados deste estudo. A percepção dos avaliadores e usuários do sistema é de que o SEAD representou ganhos em termos de armazenamento de dados, acesso à informação para a tomada de decisões e principalmente por propiciar o direcionamento das políticas de incentivo aos médicos do HCRP alinhada com os interesses da própria instituição. De um modo geral os avaliadores que participaram voluntariamente do estudo avaliaram o SEAD de maneira bastante positiva. A avaliação de pessoal para fins de promoção ou premiação é sempre um desafio do ponto de vista pessoal e a disponibilidade de recursos que aumentam a transparência e promovem equidade com agilidade e simplicidade são extremamente importantes, especialmente para as organizações públicas. / Investing in the ability to identify the different levels of performance of an institution\'s servers is one of the most important human resources management practices today. The employer seeks to characterize the different levels of performance and uses this information in a constructive way aiming at improving processes and results for the Institution. Regular performance evaluation is one way to identify and value good practices that align with the Institution\'s mission and values, and to provide feedback to correct directions and make necessary adjustments. There are several ways to evaluate the performance of members of a work team. However, the tendency has been to use computerized systems that increase the capacity to manage the data collected, control and feedback of the evaluations to the servers. Recently the Electronic Performance Evaluation System (SEAD) was implanted for the medical staff, at the Hospital das Clínicas of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), in order to comply with the Law Complementary Act 1193/2013, which requires the performance evaluation of physicians of the State of São Paulo for the purpose of payment of the Medical Productivity Award (PPM). The objective is to describe and characterize the SEAD, besides evaluating the results of the first years of its implementation. It is characterized as a descriptive study in the initial part, where all the SEAD planning and implementation steps for the evaluation of HCFMRP-USP physicians were presented, including the main differences between the new system and the manual system that had previously been presented. In the next stage of implementation, it is characterized by a three-year \"action-research\" study in which several adjustments were made based on what was learned in the initial evaluations of the system itself. In the final stage interviews were made with the teachers evaluating the services with the largest number of HCRP physicians. This study was approved by the HCRP Ethics Committee. Among the results of the study we will present a detailed description of the SEAD applied in the medical area and the differences observed in relation to the evaluation systems previously used by the HCRP. Various information and indicators were obtained in real time and available to HCFMRP medical managers and human resources management, such as: the number of evaluated servers, the evaluators who carried out the evaluations or the evaluators who did not carry out the evaluations, the amount of servers evaluated by each evaluator, who was evaluated, the grade obtained and the percentage of receipt of PPM that each hospital doctor received. The results of the first years of use and the improvements that have been made in SEAD are also described in the results of this study. The perception of the evaluators and users of the system is that the SEAD represented gains in terms of data storage, access to information for decision-making and, above all, to foster the orientation of policies to encourage HCRP physicians in line with the interests of the system itself institution. In general, evaluators who voluntarily participated in the study evaluated SEAD in a very positive way. Evaluating staff for promotion or reward is always a challenge from a personal standpoint, and the availability of resources that increase transparency and promote equity with agility and simplicity are extremely important, especially for public organizations.
23

Quantum Circuit Based on Electron Spins in Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Hsieh, Chang-Yu January 2012 (has links)
In this thesis, I present a microscopic theory of quantum circuits based on interacting electron spins in quantum dot molecules. We use the Linear Combination of Harmonic Orbitals-Configuration Interaction (LCHO-CI) formalism for microscopic calculations. We then derive effective Hubbard, t-J, and Heisenberg models. These models are used to predict the electronic, spin and transport properties of a triple quantum dot molecule (TQDM) as a function of topology, gate configuration, bias and magnetic field. With these theoretical tools and fully characterized TQDMs, we propose the following applications: 1. Voltage tunable qubit encoded in the chiral states of a half-filled TQDM. We show how to perform single qubit operations by pulsing voltages. We propose the "chirality-to-charge" conversion as the measurement scheme and demonstrate the robustness of the chirality-encoded qubit due to charge fluctuations. We derive an effective qubit-qubit Hamiltonian and demonstrate the two-qubit gate. This provides all the necessary operations for a quantum computer built with chirality-encoded qubits. 2. Berry's phase. We explore the prospect of geometric quantum computing with chirality-encoded qubit. We construct a Herzberg circuit in the voltage space and show the accumulation of Berry's phase. 3. Macroscopic quantum states on a semiconductor chip. We consider a linear chain of TQDMs, each with 4 electrons, obtained by nanostructuring a metallic gate in a field effect transistor. We theoretically show that the low energy spectrum of the chain maps onto that of a spin-1 chain. Hence, we show that macroscopic quantum states, protected by a Haldane gap from the continuum, emerge. In order to minimize decoherence of electron spin qubits, we consider using electron spins in the p orbitals of the valence band (valence holes) as qubits. We develop a theory of valence hole qubit within the 4-band k.p model. We show that static magnetic fields can be used to perform single qubit operations. We also show that the qubit-qubit interactions are sensitive to the geometry of a quantum dot network. For vertical qubit arrays, we predict that there exists an optimal qubit separation suitable for the voltage control of qubit-qubit interactions.
24

High Level Power Estimation and Reduction Techniques for Power Aware Hardware Design

Ahuja, Sumit 14 June 2010 (has links)
The unabated continuation of the Moore's law has allowed the doubling of the number of transistors per unit area of a silicon die every 2 years or so. At the same time, an increasing demand on consumer electronics and computing equipments to run sophisticated applications has led to an unprecedented complexity of hardware designs. These factors have necessitated the abstraction level of design-entry of hardware systems to be raised beyond the Register-Transfer-Level (RTL) to Electronic System Level (ESL). However, power envelope on the designs due to packaging and other thermal limitations, and the energy envelope due to battery life-time considerations have also created a need for power/energy efficient design. The confluence of these two technological issues has created an urgent need for solving two problems: (i) How do we enable a power-aware design flow with a design entry point at the Electronic System Level? (ii) How do we enable power aware High Level Synthesis to automatically synthesize RTL implementation from ESL? This dissertation distinguishes itself by addressing the following two issues: (i) Since power/energy consumption of electronic systems largely depends on implementation details, and high-level models abstract away from such details, power/energy estimation at such levels has not been addressed thoroughly. (ii) A lot of work has been done in applying various techniques on control-data-flow graphs (CDFG) to find power/area/latency pareto points during behavioral synthesis. However, high level C-based functional models of various compute-intensive components, which could be easily synthesized as co-processors, have many opportunities to reduce power. Some of these savings opportunities are traditional such as clock-gating, operand-isolation etc. The exploration of alternate granularities of these techniques with target applications in mind, opens the door for traditional power reduction opportunities at the high-level. This work therefore concentrates on the aforementioned two areas of inadequacy of hardware design methodologies. Our proposed solutions include utilizing ESL simulation traces and mapping those to lower abstraction levels for power estimation, derivation of statistical power models using regression based learning for power estimation at early design stages, etc. On the HLS front, techniques that insert the power saving features during the synthesis process using exploration of granularity and scope of clock-gating, sequential clock-gating are proposed. Finally, this work shows how to marry two domains, that is estimation and reduction. In this regard, a power model is proposed, which helps in predicting power savings obtained using clock-gating and further guiding HLS to selectively insert clock-gating. / Ph. D.
25

[en] PHYSICS OF STRONGLY CORRELATED AND DISORDERED SYSTEMS / [pt] FÍSICA DE SISTEMAS FORTEMENTE CORRELACIONADOS E DESORDENADOS

LUIS ALBERTO PECHE PUERTAS 15 June 2005 (has links)
[pt] Nesta tese estudamos as propriedades físicas de materiais fortemente correlacionados e desordenados, usando Hamiltonianos modelos para descrevê-los. A tese está dividida em duas partes. Na primeira, estudamos o modelo de Anderson periódico para descrever as propriedades de um isolante Kondo. Em particular tomamos o composto de Ce3Bi4Pt3 como paradigma deste tipo de materiais caracterizados por apresentar um pequeno gap(da ordem dos meV ). Na presença de pequenas concentrações de impurezas metálicas como íons de La substituindo os de Ce, como é o caso da liga (Ce1-xLax)Bi4Pt3, sofre uma transição metal-isolante. O Hamiltoniano de Anderson periódico é resolvido a partir da solução de um único sítio atômico que logo é embebido numa rede de Bethe. Este modelo consegue explicar qualitativamente os resultados experimentais como a resistividade em função da temperatura para diferentes concentrações de íons de La, assim como as propriedades óticas do sistema puro. A influência da localização de Anderson nesta transição é analisada a partir do estudo da condutividade elétrica do sistema. A segunda parte está dedicada ao estudo das propriedades de sistemas descritos pelo Hamiltoniano de Falicov- Kimball, largamente utilizado para estudar fenômenos como a transição de valência e metal- isolante, também em compostos de Metais de Transição e Terras Raras. Neste modelo, o caráter destas transições ainda não está bem estabelecido já que o resultado é muito dependente da aproximação utilizada. Utilizamos o Hamiltoniano de Falicov-Kimball sem spin onde a banda de condução é tratada de forma exata já que mostramos a sua equivalência com o problema de uma liga. Os estados f são resolvidos em forma aproximada a partir da equação de movimento, aproximação que chamamos de Aproximação do Estreitamento Dinâmico(AED). Estudamos as propriedades eletrônicas como a ocupação dos estados localizados em função da energia local. Também neste caso, analisamos um sistema desordenado estudando o contraponto entre a correlação eletrônica e a desordem. As diferentes fases que aparecem no sistema como, metálica, isolante de Anderson e de Mott são investigadas em função dos parâmetros que definem o sistema. / [en] In this thesis we study the properties of strongly correlated and disordered materials, using model Hamiltonians to describe them. The thesis is divided in two parts. The first one studies the periodic Anderson model used to describe the properties of a Kondo insulator. In particular we take Ce3Bi4Pt3 as a paradigmatic compound, characterized by a small gap(of the order of meV ). For small concentration of metallic impurities, ions of La substituting Ce, the alloy (Ce1-xLax)Bi4Pt3 suffers a metal- insulator transition. The periodic Anderson Hamiltonian is solved using the atomic solution that is embedded into a Bethe lattice. This model explains the experimental results as the resistivity as a function of temperature for different concentrations of ions of La, as well as, the optical properties of the pure system. The Anderson localization is analyzed studying the electric conductivity of the system. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to study the property of a system described by the Falicov- Kimball Hamiltonian. This Hamiltonian has been used to study the valence and metal-insulator transitions in Transitions Metal and Rare Earth compounds. In this model, the character of these transitions is still not well understood, since it is very dependent of the approximation used. We study the Falicov-Kimball Hamiltonian without spin. The conduction band is exactly described since we show its equivalence with the problem of an alloy. The f states are studied using the equation of motion for the Green functions, decoupling them in a way defined as the Dynamic Narrowing Approximation(DNA). We study the occupation of the local states as a function of energy and other electronic properties. For an alloy the interplay between the electronic correlation and disorder is analized. The different phases that appear in the system, as metallic and Anderson and Mott insulating, are investigated as a function of the parameters that define the system.
26

[en] ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ROBOTIC MANIPULATOR TO STORAGE OF STANDARDIZED CONTAINERS / [pt] ANÁLISE E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM MANIPULADOR ROBÓTICO PARA ARMAZENAMENTO DE VOLUMES PADRONIZADOS

JOEL VIEIRA DOS SANTOS JUNIOR 05 November 2002 (has links)
[pt] Grande parte das indústrias e do comércio atacadista e varejista, depara-se com problemas referentes à estocagem de seus produtos em galpões. Visando otimizar as operações de armazenamento e recuperação destes produtos (livros, remédios, CDs, caixas, pallets etc) e melhorar a utilização dos espaços vagos, foi idealizado o desenvolvimento de um protótipo que busca funcionalidade operativa associada a baixo custo.O presente trabalho consiste na construção de um manipulador robótico, controlado através da porta paralela de um microcomputador e composto por guias lineares estruturais, fixadas a um módulo de armazenamento com escaninhos. Para a execução dos movimentos é utilizada a tecnologia de motores de passo, onde dois motores horizontais efetuam os movimentos na coordenada X e um motor vertical, na coordenada Y. Um mecanismo de garras, acionado por motoredutor, foi desenvolvido para a captação dos volumes padronizados (containers). Finalmente, um programa para gerenciamento dos movimentos também foi implementado, com o objetivo de minimizar as operações do manipulador. / [en] A great part of the industry and of the wholesaler and retailer commerce sector, is dealing with some problems related to the storage of their products in sheds. The development of this prototype was initiated in order to improve the products (books, medicines, CDs, boxes, pallets) storage / recovery operations and the use of the vacant spaces. This development also searched to satisfy functionality associated to the low cost. The presented work is based upon the construction of a robotic manipulator. It is controlled by the computer parallel port and composed by structural linear guides that are fixed on a storage module with small partitions, similar to drawers. The movement execution uses the technology of step motors. Two horizontal motors execute the coordinate X movements, and a vertical motor executes the coordinate Y movements. It was developed a end effector mechanism, activated by a motor reducer, in order to capture the standardized containers. It was also implemented a program for the movements management. It looks for the reduction of the manipulator operations. The document s finalization shows and comments the obtained results.
27

Modélisation électrothermique de système électrique électronique automobile et pilotage de mosfet intelligents pour protéger les faisceaux, éviter les courts circuits aggravés et diminuer la masse de câblage

Nguyen, Huy Cuong 11 April 2013 (has links)
Sur les différents calculateurs du véhicule, de plus en plus d'organes sont commandés par un interrupteur en silicium (circuit MOSFET) au lieu d'un relais. En plus de la fonction de commutation de puissance, le MOSFET peut comprendre un dispositif de mesure du courant afin de contrôler le pilotage de l'organe et/ou assurer une fonction de diagnostic. On appelle ce type de composant un commutateur intelligent de puissance ou Smart Switch. Il est aussi prévu dans le Smart Switch un dispositif de coupure du courant, en cas d'échauffement interne dû à une surintensité électrique. Avec les dernières avancées technologiques, ces composants peuvent aussi intégrer de la logique de pilotage et une interface de liaison numérique avec un microprocesseur. Cette dernière caractéristique motive lesujet de l'étude afin de définir des lois de protection améliorées contre les échauffements dus à une surintensité électrique.En effet, d’un point de vue de la protection électrique, le MOSFET a été conçu pour obtenir les mêmes caractéristiques qu’un fusible, avec la possibilité supplémentaire d’être réenclenché comme un disjoncteur. Le but est d’étudier les lois de pilotage qui pourraient permettre de mieux suivre les limites thermiques d’un conducteur électrique, en particulier dans les faibles surintensités, de façon à pouvoir diminuer le diamètre (donc le coût) des fils tout en assurant une meilleure protection face aux courts circuits impédants (courts-circuits sur une résistance un peu inférieure à la résistance nominale ducircuit, dans un rapport entre 1 et 3 par exemple). / On various vehicles Electronic Control Unit (ECU), more and more members are controlled bya MOSFET circuits instead of a relay. In addition to the power switching function, the MOSFET maymeasure the current to the steering control of the body and / or to ensure that a diagnostic function. Wecall this type of component a smart power switch or Smart Switch. It is also provided in the SmartSwitch device power failure, if the internal heating caused by electrical current. With the latesttechnology, these components can also integrate control logic and an interface for connection to adigital microprocessor. This last characteristic motivates the subject of study in order to defineimproved protection laws against overheating caused by an electrical current.Indeed, from the point of view of electrical protection, the MOSFET has been designed toachieve the same characteristics as a fuse, with the additional possibility to be reset as a circuit breaker.The aim is to study the control laws that could lead to better monitor the thermal limits of an electricalconductor, especially in low current, so as to reduce the diameter (hence the cost) of son while ensuringbetter protection against short-circuit-impedance (short circuit resistance of a little less than thenominal resistance of the circuit, in a ratio between 1 and 3 for example).
28

A Modified Sum-Product Algorithm over Graphs with Short Cycles

Raveendran, Nithin January 2015 (has links) (PDF)
We investigate into the limitations of the sum-product algorithm for binary low density parity check (LDPC) codes having isolated short cycles. Independence assumption among messages passed, assumed reasonable in all configurations of graphs, fails the most in graphical structures with short cycles. This research work is a step forward towards understanding the effect of short cycles on error floors of the sum-product algorithm. We propose a modified sum-product algorithm by considering the statistical dependency of the messages passed in a cycle of length 4. We also formulate a modified algorithm in the log domain which eliminates the numerical instability and precision issues associated with the probability domain. Simulation results show a signal to noise ratio (SNR) improvement for the modified sum-product algorithm compared to the original algorithm. This suggests that dependency among messages improves the decisions and successfully mitigates the effects of length-4 cycles in the Tanner graph. The improvement is significant at high SNR region, suggesting a possible cause to the error floor effects on such graphs. Using density evolution techniques, we analysed the modified decoding algorithm. The threshold computed for the modified algorithm is higher than the threshold computed for the sum-product algorithm, validating the observed simulation results. We also prove that the conditional entropy of a codeword given the estimate obtained using the modified algorithm is lower compared to using the original sum-product algorithm.
29

Uma abordagem para estimação do consumo de energia em modelos de simulação distribuída. / An approach to energy consumption estimation in distributed simulation models.

OLIVEIRA, Helder Fernando de Araújo. 04 May 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-04T22:06:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HELDER FERNANDO DE ARAÚJO OLIVEIRA - TESE PPGCC 2015..pdf: 1535968 bytes, checksum: ea0ac08d16d7773542f5d7193c85c162 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T22:06:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HELDER FERNANDO DE ARAÚJO OLIVEIRA - TESE PPGCC 2015..pdf: 1535968 bytes, checksum: ea0ac08d16d7773542f5d7193c85c162 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-10 / Capes / Consumo de energia é um grande desafio durante o projeto de um SoC (System-on-a-Chip). Dependendo do projeto, para garantir maior precisão na estimação do consumo de energia, pode ser necessário estimar o consumo de energia do sistema ou parte dele utilizando diferentes elementos: diferentes abordagens de estimação, ferramentas ou, até mesmo, modelos descritos em variadas linguagens e/ou níveis de abstração. Porém, consiste em um desafio incorporar tais elementos para criação de um ambiente de simulação distribuído e heterogêneo, o qual permita que estes se comuniquem e troquem informações de modo sincronizado. Diante do exposto, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo desenvolver uma abordagem, utilizando-se High Level Architecture (HLA), a fim de permitir a criação de um ambiente de simulação distribuído e heterogêneo, composto por diferentes ferramentas e modelos. Estes modelos podem ser descritos em diversas linguagens e/ou níveis de abstração, como também podem utilizar diferentes abordagens a estimação do consumo de energia. O uso da HLA permite que os elementos que compõem este ambiente heterogêneo possam ser simulados de maneira sincronizada e distribuída. A abordagem deve proporcionar a coleta e o agrupamento de dados de estimação de consumo de energia de modo centralizado. Para realização dos estudos de caso, foi utilizado um benchmark composto por um conjunto escalável de MPSoC (MultiProcessor System-on-Chip) descrito em C++/SystemC e o arcabouço Ptolemy. Um projeto em SystemVerilog/Verilog também foi utilizado para validar a coleta de dados de estimação de consumo de energia de modelos descritos nessas linguagens, por meio da abordagem proposta. Resultados experimentais demonstraram a flexibilidade da abordagem e sua aplicabilidade para a criação de um ambiente de simulação síncrono e heterogêneo, o qual promove uma visão integrada dos dados de energia estimados. / Energy consumption is a big challenge in SoC (System-on-a-Chip) design. Depending on the project requirements, to guarantee a better accuracy in power estimation, it might be necessary to estimate the power consumption of a system or part of it using different elements: different power estimation approaches, tools or, even, models described in different languages and/or abstraction levels. However, it is a challenge to incorporate these elements to create a simulation environment distributed and heterogeneous, which allows these elements to communicate and exchange information synchronously. In view of what has been exposed, the present research aims to develop an approach using HLA (High Level Architecture), enabling the creation of an environment distributed and heterogeneous, composed by different tools and models. These models can be described in different languages and/or abstraction levels, as well as use different power estimation approaches. The use of HLA enables the synchronized and distributed simulation of the elements that compose the simulation environment. The approach must allow the collecting and grouping of power estimation data in a centralized manner. As a case study, it has been used a benchmark composed of a scalable set of MPSoCs (MultiProcessor Systemon-Chip) which is described in C++/SystemC and the Ptolemy framework. A project in SystemVerilog/Verilog was also used to validate the power estimation data collected from models described in these languages, through the proposed approach. The experimental results show the approach flexibility and its applicability on creation of a distributed and synchronous simulation environment, which promotes an integrated view of power estimation data.
30

Modélisation comportementale d'un réseau sur puce basé sur des interconnexions RF. / Behavioral modeling of a network on chip based on RF interconnections.

Zerioul, Lounis 01 September 2015 (has links)
Le développement des systèmes multiprocesseurs intégrés sur puce (MPSoC) répond au besoin grandissant des architectures de calcul intensif. En revanche, l'évolution de leurs performances est entravée par leurs réseaux de communication sur puce (NoC) à cause de leur consommation d'énergie ainsi que du retard. C'est dans ce contexte que les NoC à base d'interconnexions RF et filaires (RFNoC) ont émergé. Afin de gérer au mieux et d'optimiser la conception d'un RFNoC, il est indispensable de développer une plateforme de simulation intégrant à la fois des circuits analogiques et numériques.Dans un premier temps, la simulation temporelle d'un RFNoC avec des composants dont les modèles sont idéaux est utilisée pour optimiser l'allocation des ressources spectrales disponibles. Le cas échéant, nous proposons des solutions pour améliorer la qualité de signal transmis. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons développé en VHDL-AMS des modèles comportementaux et précis de chacun des composants du RFNoC. Les modèles de l'amplificateur faible bruit (LNA) et du mélangeur, prennent en compte les paramètres concernant, l'amplification, les non-linéarités, le bruit et la bande passante. Le modèle de l'oscillateur local considère les paramètresconventionnels, notamment le bruit de phase. Quant à la ligne de transmission, un modèle fréquentiel précis, incluant l'effet de peau est adapté pour les simulations temporelles. Ensuite, l'impact des paramètres des composants sur les performances du RFNoC est évalué afin d'anticiper les contraintes qui s'imposeront lors de la conception du RFNoC. / The development of multiprocessor systems integrated on chip (MPSoC) respondsto the growing need for intensive computation systems. However, the evolutionof their performances is hampered by their communication networks on chip(NoC) due to their energy consumption and delay. It is in this context that the wired RF network on chip (RFNoC) was emerged. In order to better manage and optimize the design of an RFNoC, it is necessary to develop a simulation platform adressing both analog and digital circuits.First, a time domaine simulation of an RFNoC with components whose modelsare ideal is used to optimize the allocation of the available spectrum resources. Where appropriate, we provide solutions to improve the quality of transmitted signal. Secondly, we have developed, in VHDL-AMS, behavioral and accurate models of all RFNoC components. The models of the low noise amplifier (LNA) and the mixer take into account the parameters for the amplification, nonlinearities, noise and bandwidth. The model of the local oscillator considers the conventional parameters, including its phase noise. Concerning the transmission line, an accurate frequency model, including the skin effect is adapted for time domaine simulations. Then, the impact of component parameters on RFNoC performances is evaluatedto anticipate constraints of the RFNoC design.

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