Text in Afrikaans / Deur hierdie ondersoek is gepoog om aan te toon dat die inkkladmetode as uitvloeisel van die Rorschach, as projeksietegniek, gebruik kan word vir diagnose en terapie. Proj~ksie is 'n belangrike aspek in kinderterapie. Herhaalde gebruik van projeksietegnieke verminder die effektiwiteit daarvan. In haar werk met kinders van verskillende kulture, is gevind dat bulle instaat is om projeksies vanuit inkkladde te maak. Dit het aanleiding gegee tot huidige navorsing. Dit word aanvaar dat deur die gebruik van die inkkladmetode: * inligting wat versamel is deur ander projeksietegnieke, en wat moontlik verlore gegaan het, weer versamel kan word; * inligting aangaande psigiese struktuur van die kind vir diagnose en terapie versamel kan word. Bevindings word geverifieer deur die gebruik van bestaande projeksietegnieke. Twintig leerlinge is gebruik tydens die navorsing. Twee idiografiese studies en eksemplariese snitte is ingesluit. Dit is bevind dat die inkkladmetode as bykomende projeksietegniek effektief in kinderterapie en diagnose gebruik kan word. / This research is aimed at showing that the inkblot method with reference to the Rorschach method - as projective technique, can be applied for diagnosis and therapy. Projection is important in child therapy. Repetative use of projective techniques prejudices the effectivity thereof. In her work with children of different cultures, the researcher found that they were inclined to do projections from their inkblots. This resulted in the present research. Through the use of the inkblot method; * information which was gathered through the use of other projective techniques, and possibly lost, can be gained; * information regarding the psychological structure of the child for diagnosis and therapy, can be gathered. These findings were verified by means of including existing projective techniques. Twenty pupils were involved in two idiographic studies and illustrative examples. It was found that the inkblot method as additional projective technique can be used effectively in child therapy and diagnosis. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Spesialisering in Voorligting)

Text in Afrikaans / Deur hierdie ondersoek is gepoog om aan te toon dat die inkkladmetode as uitvloeisel van die Rorschach, as projeksietegniek, gebruik kan word vir diagnose en terapie. Proj~ksie is 'n belangrike aspek in kinderterapie. Herhaalde gebruik van projeksietegnieke verminder die effektiwiteit daarvan. In haar werk met kinders van verskillende kulture, is gevind dat bulle instaat is om projeksies vanuit inkkladde te maak. Dit het aanleiding gegee tot huidige navorsing. Dit word aanvaar dat deur die gebruik van die inkkladmetode: * inligting wat versamel is deur ander projeksietegnieke, en wat moontlik verlore gegaan het, weer versamel kan word; * inligting aangaande psigiese struktuur van die kind vir diagnose en terapie versamel kan word. Bevindings word geverifieer deur die gebruik van bestaande projeksietegnieke. Twintig leerlinge is gebruik tydens die navorsing. Twee idiografiese studies en eksemplariese snitte is ingesluit. Dit is bevind dat die inkkladmetode as bykomende projeksietegniek effektief in kinderterapie en diagnose gebruik kan word. / This research is aimed at showing that the inkblot method with reference to the Rorschach method - as projective technique, can be applied for diagnosis and therapy. Projection is important in child therapy. Repetative use of projective techniques prejudices the effectivity thereof. In her work with children of different cultures, the researcher found that they were inclined to do projections from their inkblots. This resulted in the present research. Through the use of the inkblot method; * information which was gathered through the use of other projective techniques, and possibly lost, can be gained; * information regarding the psychological structure of the child for diagnosis and therapy, can be gathered. These findings were verified by means of including existing projective techniques. Twenty pupils were involved in two idiographic studies and illustrative examples. It was found that the inkblot method as additional projective technique can be used effectively in child therapy and diagnosis. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Spesialisering in Voorligting)

Philophonetics-Counselling is a specific form of a bodily-oriented expressive therapeutic approach, defined for the purposes of this study as an approach that uses the non-verbal bodily modalities of movement, gesture, visualisation, and sound, as well as forms of artistic expression, as elements of a process, which furthers the physical and psychic integration of an individual. In view of the recent rise in bodily-oriented therapeutic processes, this study intends to describe and explore the role of especially bodily representation, but also mental representation in the phenomenon of the transformation and representation of sensory-emotional experience in the developing psyche. This is achieved by exploring the essence of described ‘lived experience’ of Philophonetics-Counselling, which is a means not only to elicit this phenomenon of transformation, but also to gain access particularly to bodily representation and bodily knowing. This exploration is guided primarily by a dialogue with object relations theory, exploring conceptualisations provided by Bollas, Ogden, Winnicott, Bion, and Klein. This dialogue is also, however, informed by contemporary bodily-oriented theorists, including Merleau-Ponty, Gendlin, and Shapiro. . The essence of this experience is explicated from qualitative material according to the Duquesne Phenomenological Research Method, which requires of the researcher to allow the inherent constituents and dynamic process to emerge such that the phenomenon can present itself to his/her awareness as it is in itself. Following this, by engaging with psychological theory in an attempt to understand this explicated structure, specific attention is given to the manner in which bodily representation and bodily knowing, particularly as applied or encouraged in therapeutic process, is intimately involved with thetransformation and representation of sensory-emotional experience. This research process reveals a means to rework and explore perhaps more directly the representations of self and other. Furthermore, through the open-ended and playful engagement with both the theory and the material, this descriptive-dialogical study concludes with the notion that although linked to the phenomenon of transformation and representation, consciousness, understood in terms of psychic truth, seems to extend beyond the seemingly differing mentalities of both mind and body, as perhaps dwelling in (the) neither flesh nor fleshless… / Dissertation (MA (Counselling Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Psychology / unrestricted

Summary With the rise of the divorce rate and the decline of the nuclear family, boys are more frequently being deprived of a father-presence in their homes. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore and describe boys' experiences of their relationships with their absent fathers. Three boys from different racial and cultural groups were chosen as case studies and worked with from a Gestalt Play Therapy Perspective. Data was gathered from the therapeutic sessions, as well as from semi structured interviews with the childcare workers of the boys. The findings of the study appear to concur with existing literature, namely that boys with absent fathers experience difficulties in the areas of emotional, social, cognitive and moral development. Recommendations are made as to how boys with absent fathers may best be supported. Opsomming Met die toename in egskeidings en die afname van nukleêre gesinne, word daar gevind dat seuns meer dikwels die teenwoordigheid van die vader in die huis ontneem word. Die doel van hierdie studie is `n kwalitatiewe ondersoek en beskrywing van seuns se ervaring van hulle verhouding met hulle afwesige vaders. Drie seuns van erskillende rasse- en kulturele groepe is gekies vir die gevallestudies en vanuit `n Gestalt Spelterapeutiese perspektief is met hulle gewerk. Data is versamel vanuit die terapeutiese sessies sowel as vanuit semigestruktureerde onderhoude met die seuns se kinderoppassers. Die bevindinge van die studie blyk ooreen te stem met bestaande literatuur, naamlik dat seuns met afwesige vaders probleme ondervind ten opsigte van emosionele, sosiale, kognitiewe en morele ontwikkeling. Aanbevelings word gemaak oor hoe om dié seuns ten beste te ondersteun. / SOCIAL WORK / MDIAC (PLAY THERAPY)

Summaries in Afrikaans and Engish / The aim of this research was to explore the emotional experience of grade 7 learners in a gang afflicted area. The researcher further investigated how the learners experience this gang violence and how they give meaning to it The researcher also examined the possible ways in which the educational psychologist could assist these learners in actualising their full potential. A literature study of relevant sources has been undertaken to establish the theoretical context of the gang related problem. Two groups of 8 grade 7 learners were used as respondents in the empirical study. The qualitative research method has been used and the researcher made use of focus groups and interviews as measuring instruments. The results of the empirical study have shown that learners experience gang violence negatively when they are exposed to it on a regular basis and that it impacts negatively on their performance at school. / Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om die emosionele belewing van graad 7-leerders in 'n bendegeteisterde gebied te ondersoek. Daar is ook ondersoek ingestel na die belewing van leerders van die bendegeweld en op watter wyse hulle daaraan betekenis gee. Voorts is daar ook gekyk na moontlike hulpverlening aan hierdie bendegeteisterde leerders deur die opvoedkundige sieikundige ten einde die leerders te help om hulle volle potensiaal te verwesenlik. 'n Literatuurstudie van relevante kontemporere bronne is onderneem om die teoretiese konteks van die bendeprobleem te bepaal. Vir die empiriese ondersoek is daar twee groepe van 8 leerders elk uit 'n graad 7-klas as respondente gebruik. Die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode is gebruik en daar is spesifiek gefokus op fokusgroepe en die voer van onderhoude. Die resultate uit die empiriese ondersoek het getoon dat leerders die gereele blootstelling aan bendegeweid negatief beleef en dat dit negatief op hulle skoolwerk impakteer. / Psychology of Education / M.Ed. (Specialisation in Guidance and Counselling)

Summaries in Afrikaans and Engish / The aim of this research was to explore the emotional experience of grade 7 learners in a gang afflicted area. The researcher further investigated how the learners experience this gang violence and how they give meaning to it The researcher also examined the possible ways in which the educational psychologist could assist these learners in actualising their full potential. A literature study of relevant sources has been undertaken to establish the theoretical context of the gang related problem. Two groups of 8 grade 7 learners were used as respondents in the empirical study. The qualitative research method has been used and the researcher made use of focus groups and interviews as measuring instruments. The results of the empirical study have shown that learners experience gang violence negatively when they are exposed to it on a regular basis and that it impacts negatively on their performance at school. / Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om die emosionele belewing van graad 7-leerders in 'n bendegeteisterde gebied te ondersoek. Daar is ook ondersoek ingestel na die belewing van leerders van die bendegeweld en op watter wyse hulle daaraan betekenis gee. Voorts is daar ook gekyk na moontlike hulpverlening aan hierdie bendegeteisterde leerders deur die opvoedkundige sieikundige ten einde die leerders te help om hulle volle potensiaal te verwesenlik. 'n Literatuurstudie van relevante kontemporere bronne is onderneem om die teoretiese konteks van die bendeprobleem te bepaal. Vir die empiriese ondersoek is daar twee groepe van 8 leerders elk uit 'n graad 7-klas as respondente gebruik. Die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode is gebruik en daar is spesifiek gefokus op fokusgroepe en die voer van onderhoude. Die resultate uit die empiriese ondersoek het getoon dat leerders die gereele blootstelling aan bendegeweid negatief beleef en dat dit negatief op hulle skoolwerk impakteer. / Psychology of Education / M.Ed. (Specialisation in Guidance and Counselling)

Summary With the rise of the divorce rate and the decline of the nuclear family, boys are more frequently being deprived of a father-presence in their homes. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore and describe boys' experiences of their relationships with their absent fathers. Three boys from different racial and cultural groups were chosen as case studies and worked with from a Gestalt Play Therapy Perspective. Data was gathered from the therapeutic sessions, as well as from semi structured interviews with the childcare workers of the boys. The findings of the study appear to concur with existing literature, namely that boys with absent fathers experience difficulties in the areas of emotional, social, cognitive and moral development. Recommendations are made as to how boys with absent fathers may best be supported. Opsomming Met die toename in egskeidings en die afname van nukleêre gesinne, word daar gevind dat seuns meer dikwels die teenwoordigheid van die vader in die huis ontneem word. Die doel van hierdie studie is `n kwalitatiewe ondersoek en beskrywing van seuns se ervaring van hulle verhouding met hulle afwesige vaders. Drie seuns van erskillende rasse- en kulturele groepe is gekies vir die gevallestudies en vanuit `n Gestalt Spelterapeutiese perspektief is met hulle gewerk. Data is versamel vanuit die terapeutiese sessies sowel as vanuit semigestruktureerde onderhoude met die seuns se kinderoppassers. Die bevindinge van die studie blyk ooreen te stem met bestaande literatuur, naamlik dat seuns met afwesige vaders probleme ondervind ten opsigte van emosionele, sosiale, kognitiewe en morele ontwikkeling. Aanbevelings word gemaak oor hoe om dié seuns ten beste te ondersteun. / SOCIAL WORK / MDIAC (PLAY THERAPY)