Tidigare forskning menar att förmågan att vara empatisk mot andra ökar om man är lika i termer av etnicitet, kön, ålder och bakgrund. Huvudsyftet med studien var att studera skillnader i etnokulturell empati, det vill säga empati som riktar sig mot individer av annat etnicitet och kultur. Två separata studier gjordes, Studie 1 i USA (N=75), och Studie 2 i Sverige (N=92). Effekter av kön och ålder testades. Deltagarna var av blandade åldrar, kön och etniciteter. Mätinstrumentet som användes var The Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (SEE). Resultatet från Studie 1 visar att en del av den etnokulturella empatin antas skilja sig åt beoende på kön då männen visade högre etnokulturella empativärden än kvinnorna. I båda studierna antas yngre påvisa delvis högre etnokulturella empativärden än äldre. Resultatet kan leda till nya diskussioner angående generaliseringen och stereotypiseringen huruvida kvinnor och äldre besitter högst empati i dagens samhälle.

I sjuksköterskans möte med döende patienter samt deras anhöriga uppstår utmaningar och svårigheter. Sjuksköterskan måste kunna agera utifrån sin empatiska förmåga. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa vilken betydelse sjusköterskornas empatiska förhållningssätt har inom den palliativa vården. Joyce Travelbee användes som referensram. Hennes omvårdnadsteori bygger på att omvårdnaden är en mellanmänsklig process där sjuksköterskan medverkar i det förebyggande arbete som krävs för att övervinna eller hitta meningen i sjukdom och lidande. Metoden för denna litteraturstudie var av innehållsanalytisk karaktär och den byggde på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultaten visade att sjuksköterskans empatiska förmåga har betydelse i den palliativa omvårdnaden. Analysen av artiklarna resulterade i fyra kategorier: kommunikation, engagemang, tillit och förtroende och slutligen samspel. Sjuksköterskans förmåga att visa empati lägger grunden för patienter och anhörigas tro och hopp att patienten ska leva sin återstående tid så meningsfull som är möjlig. / In the nurse’s meeting with dying patient’s and their relatives there comes up challenges and difficulties. The nurse must be able to act on the basis of her own empathic ability. The aim of this literature review was to illuminate the importance of the nurses empathic relation in palliative care. Joyce Travelbee was used as a theoretical framework. Her nurse theory is based on that the care is an interpersonal process where the nurse takes part in the preventing work which demands to overcome or find the meaning in sickness and suffering. The method used in this literature review has a content analysis approach and is built on 12 research articles. The result shows that the nurse’s empathic ability makes sense in the palliative care. The analyse of the articles resulted in four categories: communication, involvement, trust and confidence and finally teamwork. The nurse’s ability to show empathy sets the ground for patients and relatives faith and hope that the patient will be able to live a meaningful life as possible.

When teachers reason about where they take their students to places such as cultural heritage sites, historical places and museums, they usually have a motive for why they choose to make such a trip. And it is usually because they want to evoke their students' abilities to work and study the school subject history. One of these abilities the teacher wants their students to uphold, are for example historical empathy. The aim of this study is to map the state of knowledge for how visits to historical sites and museums are used within and motivated in history teaching. The information retrieval was mainly performed on searching empirical information via databases such as SwePub, Libsearch and Google Scholar, through the search engine in Malmö University library webpage. After an extensive and thorough research, the information gathered from the search shows that both scholars, museum educators, teachers and students agree that it is good to make these kinds of field trips. It can help students to engage with and within history, to evolve their perspectives on the history and abilities to understand other people and their actions, thoughts and beliefs in the past. The reason for doing this research is to understand the purpose of these kinds of visits and in the near future to use this as an advantage, for ourselves when we want to evoke historical abilities in our future students.

This diploma paper dealt with the profession of the Head Nurse working in Prison Health Centre.The work considered the level of education of the Head Nurses working in the Prison Health Centre with the aim to analyse the level of education nowdays predominating in this profession. Furthermore, the work was aimed to specify whether the Head Nurses have mostly secondary school education. Due to the fad that the author of this work has been studying at the Faculty of Health and Social studies of the University of South Bohemia, the work also took into consideration prevailing attitudes to possible advantages of studies at the Faculty of Health and Social studies of the future Head Nurses. The work also applied to the number of Paramedical workers who have been working in the Prison Service and attempted to analyse whether there is a tendency to increase the percentage of medical personnel in the employee structure of the Prison service. To fulfil the objectives of this work the author had chosen various methods: questionnaires, interviews and analysis of statistical data showed in annual reports of the Prison Service of the Czech Republic.