In the food manufacturing industry, employee engagement is critical to the survival of organizations because engaged employees increase productivity, profitability, and sustainability. Using the transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies that leaders in the food-manufacturing industry in the northeastern region of the United States use to engage employees. Participants were purposefully selected based upon their experience implementing effective employee engagement strategies. Data were collected through face-to-face semistructured interviews with 7 food manufacturing leaders and the review of organizational documents on employee engagement. Data were analyzed using inductive coding of phrases, word frequency searches, and theme interpretation. The 3 themes that emerged were: involving employees in decision-making increased employee engagement, open and honest communication promoted employee engagement, and recognition and compensation increased employee engagement. The findings from this study contribute to social change by providing food manufacturing leaders with insights that can promote organizational growth, enhance sustainability, and increase productivity and profitability. An increase in profitability and productivity might lead to new employment opportunities and promote prosperity for local families and the community.

Formula 1 is one of the worlds biggest sports, and in the recent years they as a sport has had one of the biggest upswing in the world in their viewership and activity on social media. Instagram has played a big part in this recent success and is the sporting organisations fastest growing social media. Formula 1 themselves claims that their marketing and engagement strategy is focusing on the digital mediums and that engagement from their fans has been achieved. The purpose of this study is to look at what extent Formula 1’s marketing strategy can be defined as customer engagement marketing and what specific characteristics can be identified as engagement marketing. This study has looked at Instagram posts published by Formula 1 during specific time periods each year from the year 2015 to 2021. Instagram is Formula 1’s fastest growing social media forum, and was therefore chosen to be studied. The time period covers the before and after the American media company Liberty Media bought Formula 1 in 2017, giving an interesting insight on the consequences of the media company’s marketing strategy. Using content analysis the posts have been coded into variables and then categories, determining which marketing strategy that is present in each post. The content analysis was designed according to a theory defining what customer engagement is and what different marketing strategies a firm can use to achieve it, customer engagement marketing. The result shows a strong presence of customer engagement marketing, and in many variables show an increasing trend from the years after Liberty Media bought the sporting organisation. The findings from the content analysis can therefore affirm that Formula 1’s own claim about focusing on fan/customer engagement is true on the social platform of Instagram. The findings further show that creating engagement marketing with a strategy of building relationships between fans, drivers and teams of the sport has been the most important for Formula 1. Further, feeding information towards the fans and making it easier for them to keep exploring and venture deeper in to various parts of the sport have shown to be important. This study aims to be a contribution both as a methodological resource and example for research using content analysis on social media, especially on a sporting organisation. But also as a contribution to the fairly new research area of engagement marketing on digital platforms by sporting organisations. Therefore it could be of interest to researchers that wishes to study the subject, or people working with marketing. The case of Formula 1’s recent success could be looked further into by other sporting organisations, with this report as a way for deeper understanding on parts of the process.

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Le processus de transfert, primordial pour la pérennité des entreprises familiales, est un phénomène encore peu étudié, et mal compris, particulièrement en ce qui concerne l’engagement des successeurs potentiels face à l’entreprise et à son transfert. L’objectif principal de la présente étude était de décrire la manière dont est vécue l’expérience du transfert d’entreprise par le successeur potentiel d’entreprises familiales québécoises et de proposer une liste de stratégies visant à faciliter la préparation, l’intégration et la rétention des successeurs. Une attention particulière a été portée à l’engagement des successeurs envers ce transfert d’entreprise, de même qu’aux évènements et facteurs contextuels qui ont pu influencer le déroulement du processus de transfert et le développement et le maintien de cet engagement. Un devis qualitatif de type phénoménologique a été utilisé. Des entrevues semi-structurées ont été complétées avec un échantillon non-probabiliste de 6 personnes membres de la famille propriétaire et identifiées comme successeurs potentiels de 5 entreprises familiales. L’analyse des données a permis de déterminer la structure générale, composée de cinq étapes, sous-jacente à l’expérience du transfert de la PME familiale vécue par le successeur : (1) le développement d’un sentiment d’appartenance, (2) la prise de conscience d’une adéquation, (3) la signification des souhaits de reprise, (4) la progression appuyée du successeur et (5) les doutes, bilan et engagement final. L’analyse a également permis d’identifier six déterminants centraux du développement et du maintien de l’engagement envers le processus du transfert : (1) la confiance du prédécesseur envers le successeur, (2) la capacité du prédécesseur à se retirer de l’entreprise, (3) la forme d’engagement développé par le successeur, (4) la qualité de la relation entre le prédécesseur et le successeur avant le transfert et au cours du transfert, (5) la nature du lien d’attachement envers l’entreprise familiale avant le transfert, et (6) l’appui d’un consultant en gestion de la relève. L’étude a permis de proposer une liste de stratégies afin de faciliter la préparation, l’intégration et la rétention des successeurs. Ces stratégies touchent six thèmes : (1) la relation du prédécesseur et du successeur, (2) l’intégration du successeur à l’entreprise, (3) les intérêts professionnels du successeur, (4) le contact du successeur avec l’entreprise, (5) les souhaits du successeur et du prédécesseur et (6) le sentiment d’engagement. L’ensemble de ces résultats de même que leurs implications pratiques sont ensuite discutés.

Participatory and deliberative democracy have attracted global attention, both as a field of research and practice. This interest reflects ongoing experimentation with ideas and practices of stakeholder governance, collaborative policy-making and citizen participation. The institutionalisation of such practices in Scotland is taking place through local partnership arrangements and public engagement processes. In particular, the Scottish Government’s Community Planning policy mandates local authorities to develop partnerships where various sectors and organisations are summoned to engage in collaborative policy-making. Central to this agenda is the involvement of citizens and communities through an increasing number of official local forums. In this sense, Scotland resembles other countries where public authorities seek working combinations of strategic partnership governance and local citizen participation. Despite burgeoning interest and developments, however, scarce attention has been paid to the role of public engagement officials tasked with turning participatory and deliberative ideals into everyday practices. Indeed, we still know little about the policy work of official ‘public engagers’ who organise participatory processes by negotiating a contested milieu of actors and agendas, while being constrained and enabled by an evolving ecology of participation. Consequently, this thesis presents findings from two years of ethnographic fieldwork shadowing public engagers in a Scottish Local Authority Area. The uniqueness of these policy workers is that their expertise is not on a particular policy area, but on stakeholder and citizen engagement across policy domains. That is, their expertise is on process, and their job is to facilitate deliberative forums to inform local policy-making. The fundamental question addressed here is not whether participatory policy-making works, but rather how does it work, what kind of work does it take, and what kind of work does it do. By foregrounding the ‘how’ question, this thesis provides a new practice-based analytical framework to both understand and inform participation processes. The findings highlight the importance of the engagers’ political work, thus illustrating the disciplinary force of engagement practice and the contested nature of participatory policy-making. Understanding these dimensions offers insight into new political spaces for the renegotiation of the relationship between authorities and citizens. Accordingly, the research shows how public engagers work to open and develop such spaces in order to foster new relationships through a new ‘politics of process’. In addition, it explores the impact that this work has on the engagers’ community of practice, as well as the challenges they face as engagement work gets institutionalised. Therefore, the thesis offers a distinct ethnographic account of the role of agency in developing official local spaces for participatory and deliberative democracy in Scotland.

Background- CSR is a highly relevant subject for corporations today, since there is an increased stakeholder demand to report corporate social, economic and environmental performance. CSR may convey numerous benefits for a firm, such as a competitive advantage, increased trust and improved corporate image, as well as many outcomes related to the employee. The automotive industry is facing high external pressures to lower their carbon footprint, and to become more sustainable, consequently, this industry is a suitable context for CSR research.   Purpose- The purpose of this study is to investigate different characteristics of employee’s and their perceptions and expectations of CSR, to find the most important aspects of the phenomena from an employee’s perspective, and thereby, engaging them in a company’s CSR initiatives. By investigating this field, it will be possible for companies to improve their CSR communication and meet the employee’s expectations. An effort will be made to distinguish different types of employees, to find out their main differences in terms of preferences and willingness to engage, and by that, find the most efficient ways to get them involved in CSR activities. These insights could help companies to successfully implement CSR programmes internally throughout their organization.   Method- A mixed method was used to fulfil the purpose of the study. A quantitative online survey was conducted and provided responses from 350 employees at a single automotive company. To acquire deeper insights, qualitative interviews with ten employees and observations as complete observers were used in a complementary manner at the same company.   Results and Conclusion- The main conclusions from the empirical results and theoretical background showed that the willingness to engage in CSR activities might diverge depending on the location and the functional area of the employee. The CSR aspect that the employees perceived as most important was an economic aspect “maintaining a solid financial performance”, followed by “providing product innovations that get ahead of market and customer needs”, and “satisfying customer needs in a measurable way”. The most efficient ways to engage the employees appeared to be mainly through training, community engagement, and accurate communication.   Practical Implications- The findings from this study provides implications and recommendations to both managers and marketers on how to market the CSR programme internally, which aspects of CSR to emphasise and how to get the employees involved. This will consequently strengthen corporation’s CSR programme and thus, benefit the society.   Keywords - CSR, Employee Engagement, Internal Marketing, Stakeholder

Effective stakeholder engagement is fundamental to water management, yet there are as many approaches to consultation as there are efforts. This paper provides an evaluation of, and lessons learned from three water management engagement processes, and uses this assessment to offer a framework for stakeholder engagement. The Stakeholder Engagement Wheel framework is centered on a bridging organization that ensures that the process continues to move forward, and a steering committee that guides and changes activities according to stakeholder interests and concerns. Around the Stakeholder Engagement Wheel are four steps designed to examine iteratively the water management issue driving the engagement process and expand the sphere of interests involved. Many engagement processes have limited effectiveness because of: (1) paucity of time; (2) complexity of water resources management; (3) difficulty of engaging diverse stakeholders; and (4) lack of methods for engagement that are centered on empowerment, equity, trust, and learning. In this study, we have encountered all four of these issues and have addressed all but the first through a deliberate, iterative, and flexible approach. By cycling through activities and actions as proposed in the Stakeholder Engagement Wheel, we can build a community of practitioners with the nuanced and shared understanding needed for cohesive action and robust decisions in the face our considerable challenges.

The importance of aggressive behavior in preschool ages can be seen from the serious impact it has later in children's lives if a suitable change will not take place. the number of children with behavioral rpoblems in preschool are increasing with a great amount of teachers admitting that they are insufficiently prepared to manage it. The aim of this systematic literature review is to examine the evidence of teacher responsiveness affecting child engagement, with specific focus on children from two to six years old of age who display aggressive behavior in a preschool environenment. Ten articles were included and the results were that children with aggressive behavior are unable to exhibit appropriate behaviors and have poor peer interactions which lead to low engagement. The closeness to the teacher can help them increase their engagement in combination with providing social-emotional support, positive classroom management and focus on the interests of the child.

The rebuilding of Slussen is in this thesis used as a case study on citizens’ emotionally engagement. The purpose is to investigate why people get emotionally engaged and whether it has any effect on the planning process. The aim is to contribute to a discussion on planning where emotions play a larger role than today. Two questions are asked and answered: 1) Why do citizens get emotionally engaged in the Slussenproject? 2) In what way have the citizens’ emotions and engagement been considered and used in the Slussen project? Interviews with “ordinary” citizens and “professionals” are conducted along with a supporting analysis of written material connected to the case. Theories of emotions and protests seen from different angles are used in order to uncover citizens’ motives for engagement. Sherry Arnstein’s Ladder of citizen participation is used in order to make clear what the significance of citizens’ engagement in the Slussen case has. The result shows emotionally engagement based on protests against someone or something where the dismissal of the others’ knowledge of Slussen play a big role. Citizens’ emotions and engagement are seen as something positive and the planning process is affected but only within certain limits decided by the municipality.