Abstract After public enterprises transform into privately owned enterprises, human resource strategy, especially the atypical employment will be the key point if they want to enhance organizational performance, when facing the open market competition. The Chung-Hwa Post Co., LTD. has officially been transformed its organization from governmental into a private enterprise effectively since January 1, 2003. The management is facing great challenge of better utilizing their existing human resources in order to fight against the competition in the market. This research is intended to explore the relationship among human resource strategies, atypical employment and the organizational performance by using qualitative research method, sampling and intensively interviewing other six private enterprises and three national organizations based on the similar topics as in the co-related business items of postal delivery, banking and life insurance in the Chung-Hwa Post Co., LTD. The finding of this research is that most of the private enterprises are focused on the core competency, and they integrate the human resource management strategies and the business management strategies, they put more effort on purchasing the outside existing manpower instead of hiring new manpower. The main reason of utilizing the atypical employment is based on the cost effectiveness, legal restrictions and the flexible management of human resources, and the enterprises are using more outsourcing and leasing types of the atypical employment, they also use part time workers to test that the workers are qualified as permanent staff after probation. Most interviewed enterprises are reluctant to use the contractors due to the legal restrictions. Meanwhile, the enterprises use the outsourcing manpower for the purpose of transforming into professional enterprises. The quality of atypical employment has the specific correlations with organizational performance, for instance, the enhancement of the internal core competency. The role of the atypical employment is more used as the complements of the manpower. Nevertheless, when the enterprise is more computerized, the core jobs and the non-core jobs will gradually adjusted each other. The atypical workers will play the role as the substitutes of the existing workers. Another finding of the research is that the private enterprise is more willing to build up commissioned relations with higher ranking or professional people, they also intend to build up the partner relationship with the independent professionals to prevent them to be raided by other enterprises. Nation-owned business entities take the privately owned business enterprises as the benchmark of the performance of labor force; they can also evaluate and justify the reasonable utilization of manpower. Keyword: Entrusted, Privatization, Organizational performance, Atypical employment, Human resource strategy

都市更新條例於民國87年11月發佈實施至今已九年，但成果有限，其主要問題在於人與資訊不足。都市更新條例規定土地及合法建築物所有權人（下稱地主）得委託都市更新事業機構擔任實施者實施都市更新事業，惟都市更新體系並無完整規範「地主－實施者」委託實施之配套機制，產生委託實施雙方因資訊不完全、不對稱及不確定環境因素，致無法全盤掌握未來整合推動可能發生的狀況下，基於各自利害關係考量，產生投機主義，形成「隱藏與逆選擇」的對立角色，衍生高昂的交易成本，影響都市更新事業整合推展，故亟需就「委託實施」課題加以建構機制規範之必要。 本研究旨就都市更新事業重建「推動方式與實務層面」為主題，以都市更新事業委託發起至實施完成之過程為軸線，經由（1）以交易成本及代理理論為基礎的印證，（2）對都市更新法制程序與規範的認知、（3）對政府、地主及實施者等三個參與主體特性的瞭解、（4）對民間推動實務與現行法制規範存在相互影響造成推動障礙的探討、（5）對實施推動的交易成本內容分析等等相關文獻面、法制面、實務面、個案案例，以及對參與推動都市更新事業人士進行問卷調查訪問之綜合研究可知：地主與政府本身皆存在相關影響都市更新事業推動的問題，以及地主對實施者可能存在疑慮的委託實施代理問題。 本研究針對影響委託實施都市更新事業推動的問題，嘗試建構可為地主提供服務並兼顧實施者利益的「整合代理機制」，包含（1）實施者實施需具備之資格條件規範、（2）地主委託實施內容與實施者作業規範等二項機制，並建議政府從「政策」、「法制」、「資訊」、「推動」、「執行」等五個構面提供配套措施，協助排除推動障礙。 本研究冀期建構「整合代理機制」，強化都市更新體系委託實施機制內涵，提供地主與實施者雙方作為委託實施的推動模式，並透過市場機制促進多元實施者參與機會，公開揭露都市更新資訊，消彌雙方認知差距，降低或消除都市更新事業交易成本及解決代理問題，加速建立都市更新推動共識及委託實施契約簽訂，落實履行與監督控管，以促進民間參與都市更新事業推動。 / It has been nine years since the Urban Renewal Act took effect in November 1998. Except for limited accomplishment, the major problems it encountered are inadequate manpower and insufficient information. The Act requires the owner (landowner for short) of the land and legal buildings entrusting property to an urban renewal business or agency as an enforcer or entrusted agent to carry out the renewal project. Yet, the urban renewal system lacks a complete package of standards or mechanism for the practice of “landowner—enforcer” entrustment relationship; due to incomplete, asymmetric and uncertain supply of information, both sides are unable to have an overall control of any possible incident in future integrated actions. Because of different concern, this entrustment relationship creates opportunism in which produces confronting positions of “concealment and adverse-selection”; as a result of the negative atmosphere in the relationship, the operation needs more transaction cost which has great effect on the integrated development of urban renewal project. Therefore, it is essential to establish a mechanism regulating the issue of “entrusted enforcement”. Based on the subject of “promotion mode and practice level” in urban renewal and reconstruction, this study intends to examine the process of urban renewal from the beginning of entrustment relationship to its completion, including (1) demonstration on the basis of transaction cost and representation theory; (2) comprehending the procedures and standards in urban renewal legal system; (3) understanding the characteristics of three participants, namely government, landowner and the enforcer; (4) investigating the obstacles caused by the conflict between promotional practices in non-government agency and the existing regulations; (5) analyzing the transaction cost of promotion in terms of literature review, legal system, practice, individual case and a questionnaire survey on the person who participate in urban renewal project. Research results show: problems of promoting urban renewal exist on both sides of landowner and government; the landowners also may have doubts for the enforcer regarding the representation issue of entrusted enforcement. This study focuses on the problems encountered when promoting the entrusted enforcement of urban renewal business and intends to construct an “integrated representation mechanism” which provides service to landowner and, on the other hand, also consider the benefit of enforcer, including (1) the qualification, terms and standards of the enforcer; (2) the entrusted task content from landowners, and the operational standards of the enforcer. We also propose necessary measures in five aspects as follows: “policy”, “legal system”, “information”, “promotion”, “implementation” for government so as to eliminate obstacles of promotion. We hope to construct an “integrated representation mechanism” and strengthen the mechanism content of the entrusted enforcement in urban renewal system; this design aims to provide landowner and enforcer a promotional model in entrusted enforcement, increase diverse participation through market mechanism, publicly disclose urban renewal information, eliminate cognitive discrepancy on both sides, reduce or remove transaction cost for urban renewal business and resolve the issues of representation, increase common sense on urban renewal promotion and accelerate the processing of entrusted enforcement contract, implement practically and monitor with supervision for promoting the participation of non-government agencies in urban renewal business.

This thesis deals with the governing bodies of the association of unit-owners and the way of their decision-making. It is focused on usual interpretative problems, which appear in practice in association with this problematic . An association of unit-owners is an legal entity, which originates on the grounds of The Act of Housing Property. Its existence is always connected with a concrete building divided into residential (in some cases also nonresidential) units. Membership in the association of unit-owners is inseparably linked to the ownership of each unit in this building. The Act of Housing Property also establishes that the association of unit-owners has only special legal personality. It means it can execute that kind of discretions and duties which deal with an object of their activities, such as administration, operation and repairs of common parts of the building (in case The Act of Housing Property states, also other associated activities) - this whole area is called administration of the building. The Decree of the government, which issues the model statutes of the association of unit-owners, offers more exact features of the activities, rather than The Act of Housing Property. These activities can be summed up as the building administration. Chapter one and two of this thesis deal with...